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- The is the development of Shinto the traditional religion of Japan. Although historians debate at what point it is suitable to refer to Shinto as a distinct religion, kami veneration has been traced back to Japan's Yayoi period (300 BC to AD 300). Buddhism entered Japan at the end of the Kofun period (AD 300 to 538) and spread rapidly. Religious syncretization made kami worship and Buddhism functionally inseparable, a process called shinbutsu-shūgō. The kami came to be viewed as part of Buddhist cosmology and were increasingly depicted anthropomorphically. The earliest written tradition regarding kami worship was recorded in the 8th-century Kojiki and Nihon Shoki. In ensuing centuries, shinbutsu-shūgō was adopted by Japan's Imperial household. During the Meiji era (1868 to 1912), Japan's nationalist leadership expelled Buddhist influence from kami worship and formed State Shinto, which some historians regard as the origin of Shinto as a distinct religion. Shrines came under growing government influence and citizens were encouraged to worship the emperor as a kami. With the formation of the Japanese Empire in the early 20th century, Shinto was exported to other areas of East Asia. Following Japan's defeat in World War II, Shinto was formally separated from the state. Even among experts, there are no settled theories on what Shinto is or how far it should be included, and there are no settled theories on where the history of Shinto begins. The Shinto scholar Okada Chuangji says that the "origin" of Shinto was completed from the Yayoi period to the Kofun period, but as for the timing of the establishment of a systematic Shinto, he says that it is not clear. There are four main theories. 1.
* The theory that it was established in the 7th century with the Ritsuryo system (Okada Souji et al.) 2.
* The theory that the awareness of "Shinto" was born and established at the Imperial Court in the 8th-9th century (Masao Takatori et al.) 3.
* The theory that Shinto permeated the provinces during the 11th and 12th centuries (Inoue Kanji et al.) 4.
* The theory that Yoshida Shinto was founded in the 15th century (Toshio Kuroda et al.) This article will cover all the theories (en)
- 神道の歴史（しんとうのれきし）では、日本の宗教である神道の歴史について概説する。 神道とは何か、どこまでの範囲を神道に含めるのか、といったことは専門家の間でも定説を見ておらず、神道の歴史がどこから始まるかについても定説は存在しない。神道学者の岡田莊司は、神道は弥生時代から古墳時代までにその「淵源」が完成したとした上で、体系的な「神道」の成立時期については、 1.
* 7世紀に律令体制とともに成立したとする説（岡田莊司ら） 2.
* 8-9世紀に朝廷において「神道」の自覚が生まれ成立したとする説（高取正男ら） 3.
* 11-12世紀の院政期に地方に神道意識が浸透して成立したとする説（井上寛司ら） 4.
* 15世紀に吉田神道の創始をもって成立したとする説（黒田俊雄ら） の、主として4説が存在するとしている。ここでは、特定の説に依拠しない立場に基づき、神道の淵源からその歴史を俯瞰する。 (ja)
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