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- El Partido Nacional Campesino (en rumano, Partidul Național Țărănesc o PNȚ) fue un partido político rumano, formado en 1926 de la fusión del Partido Nacional Rumano (Partidul Național Român) de Transilvania y el Partido Campesino (Partidul Țărănesc). Fue el partido en el poder entre 1928 y 1933, con breves interrupciones. Partido moderadamente conservador con algunos toques corporativistas de izquierdas (como el apoyo, por ejemplo, a las cooperativas agrícolas), se mantuvo firmemente a favor de la monarquía. Fue oficialmente prohibido en 1938 aunque permaneció en la clandestinidad hasta su definitiva prohibición por el gobierno procomunista de Petru Groza en 1947. (es)
- The National Peasants' Party (also known as the National Peasant Party or National Farmers' Party; Romanian: Partidul Național Țărănesc, or Partidul Național-Țărănist, PNȚ) was an agrarian political party in the Kingdom of Romania. It was formed in 1926 through the fusion of the Romanian National Party (PNR), a conservative-regionalist group centred on Transylvania, and the Peasants' Party (PȚ), which had coalesced the left-leaning agrarian movement in the Old Kingdom and Bessarabia. The definitive PNR–PȚ merger came after a decade-long rapprochement, producing a credible contender to the dominant National Liberal Party (PNL). National Peasantists agreed on the concept of a "peasant state", which defended smallholding against state capitalism or state socialism, proposing voluntary cooperative farming as the basis for economic policy. Peasants were seen as the first defence of Romanian nationalism and of the country's monarchic regime, sometimes within a system of social corporatism. Regionally, the party expressed sympathy for Balkan federalism and rallied with the International Agrarian Bureau; internally, it championed administrative decentralization and respect for minority rights, as well as, briefly, republicanism. It remained factionalized on mainly ideological grounds, leading to a series of defections. With its attacks on the PNL establishment, the PNȚ came to endorse an authoritarian monarchy, mounting no resistance to a conspiracy which brought Carol II on the Romanian throne in 1930. Over the following five years, Carol manoeuvred against the PNȚ, which opposed his attempts to subvert liberal democracy. PNȚ governments were in power for most of the time between 1928 and 1933, with the leader Iuliu Maniu as its longest-serving Prime Minister. Supported by the Romanian Social Democrats, they expanded Romania's welfare state, but failed to tackle the Great Depression, and organized clampdowns against radicalized workers at Lupeni and Grivița. This issue brought Maniu into conflict with the outlawed Romanian Communist Party, though the PNȚ, and in particular its left, favored a Romanian popular front. From 1935, most of the centrist wing embraced anti-fascism, outvoting the PNȚ's far-right, which split of as a Romanian Front, under Alexandru Vaida-Voevod; in that interval, the PNȚ set up pro-democratic paramilitary units, or . However, the party signed a temporary cooperation agreement with the fascist Iron Guard ahead of national elections in 1937, sparking much controversy among its own voters. The PNȚ was banned under the National Renaissance Front (1938–1940), which also absorbed its centrists. Regrouped under Maniu, it remained active throughout World War II as an underground organization, tolerated by successive fascist regimes, but supportive of the Allied Powers; it also organized protests against the deportation of minorities and for the return of Northern Transylvania. Together with the PNL and the communists, it executed the Coup of August 1944, emerging as the most powerful party of the subsequent democratic interlude (1944–1946). In this final period, National Peasantists were repressed as instigators of anti-communist resistance. The PNȚ was registered as having lost the fraudulent elections in 1946, and was banned following the "Tămădău Affair" of 1947. The communist regime imprisoned its members in large numbers, though some on the pro-communist left were allowed to go free. Both Maniu and his more leftist deputy, Ion Mihalache, died in prison. PNȚ cells were revived in the Romanian diaspora by youth leaders such as Ion Rațiu, and had representation within the Romanian National Committee. The release of political prisoners also allowed the PNȚ to claim existence inside Romania. Corneliu Coposu emerged as the underground leader of this tendency, which was admitted into the Christian Democrat World Union. Its legal successor, called Christian Democratic National Peasants' Party, was one of the first registered political groups after the December 1989 Revolution. (en)
- Le Parti national paysan (en roumain Partidul Național Țărănesc) était un parti de Roumanie issu de la fusion en 1926 du (présidé de Iuliu Maniu) et du Parti paysan de l'ancien royaume de Roumanie (présidé de ). Le parti s'est affirmé entre les deux guerres comme alternative au gouvernement du Parti national libéral. Le parti était actif entre 1926 et 1947, avec une interruption d'activité officielle lors de la dictature entre 1938 et 1944. Un groupe d'ex-membres a créé, en 1990, le Parti national paysan chrétien-démocrate, mais un changement d'orientation l'a mené à changer d'idéologie et de nom de parti ; il est devenu le Parti populaire chrétien-démocrate. Cet article ne couvre que l'activité du parti dans la période de l'entre-deux-guerres. (fr)
- Il Partito Nazionale dei Contadini (in romeno: Partidul Naţional Ţărănesc - PNT) è stato un partito politico fondato in Romania nel 1926 dalla fusione di due distinti soggetti politici:
* il Partito Nazionale Romeno (Partidul Naţional Român) della Transilvania;
* il Partito Contadino (Partidul Ţărănesc). Rimase al potere nel lustro 1928-1933, costituendo un'alternativa al Partito Nazionale Liberale, ma fu costretto a sciogliersi temporaneamente durante il periodo della dittatura di destra tra il 1938 e il 1944. Con l'ascesa al potere dei comunisti, nel 1947, il partito si sciolse definitivamente. Il Partito Nazionale Contadino Cristiano Democratico, fondato nel 1990, si presenta come il prosecutore di tale soggetto politico. (it)
- Nationale Boerenpartij (Roemeens: Partidul Naţional Ţărănesc, PNŢ), was een Roemeense politieke partij die van 1926 tot 1947 bestond. (nl)
- Национал-царанистская партия (НЦП) (Национал-цэрэнистская партия, Национально-крестьянская партия, рум. Partidul Național Țărănesc) — румынская политическая крестьянская партия, созданная в Румынии после Первой мировой войны в 1918 году. Существовала в 1926—1947 годах. Лидерами НЦП были Юлиу Мани́у, Ион Михалаке и Александру Вайда-Воевод. (ru)
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- El Partido Nacional Campesino (en rumano, Partidul Național Țărănesc o PNȚ) fue un partido político rumano, formado en 1926 de la fusión del Partido Nacional Rumano (Partidul Național Român) de Transilvania y el Partido Campesino (Partidul Țărănesc). Fue el partido en el poder entre 1928 y 1933, con breves interrupciones. Partido moderadamente conservador con algunos toques corporativistas de izquierdas (como el apoyo, por ejemplo, a las cooperativas agrícolas), se mantuvo firmemente a favor de la monarquía. Fue oficialmente prohibido en 1938 aunque permaneció en la clandestinidad hasta su definitiva prohibición por el gobierno procomunista de Petru Groza en 1947. (es)
- Nationale Boerenpartij (Roemeens: Partidul Naţional Ţărănesc, PNŢ), was een Roemeense politieke partij die van 1926 tot 1947 bestond. (nl)
- Национал-царанистская партия (НЦП) (Национал-цэрэнистская партия, Национально-крестьянская партия, рум. Partidul Național Țărănesc) — румынская политическая крестьянская партия, созданная в Румынии после Первой мировой войны в 1918 году. Существовала в 1926—1947 годах. Лидерами НЦП были Юлиу Мани́у, Ион Михалаке и Александру Вайда-Воевод. (ru)
- The National Peasants' Party (also known as the National Peasant Party or National Farmers' Party; Romanian: Partidul Național Țărănesc, or Partidul Național-Țărănist, PNȚ) was an agrarian political party in the Kingdom of Romania. It was formed in 1926 through the fusion of the Romanian National Party (PNR), a conservative-regionalist group centred on Transylvania, and the Peasants' Party (PȚ), which had coalesced the left-leaning agrarian movement in the Old Kingdom and Bessarabia. The definitive PNR–PȚ merger came after a decade-long rapprochement, producing a credible contender to the dominant National Liberal Party (PNL). National Peasantists agreed on the concept of a "peasant state", which defended smallholding against state capitalism or state socialism, proposing voluntary coopera (en)
- Le Parti national paysan (en roumain Partidul Național Țărănesc) était un parti de Roumanie issu de la fusion en 1926 du (présidé de Iuliu Maniu) et du Parti paysan de l'ancien royaume de Roumanie (présidé de ). Le parti s'est affirmé entre les deux guerres comme alternative au gouvernement du Parti national libéral. (fr)
- Il Partito Nazionale dei Contadini (in romeno: Partidul Naţional Ţărănesc - PNT) è stato un partito politico fondato in Romania nel 1926 dalla fusione di due distinti soggetti politici:
* il Partito Nazionale Romeno (Partidul Naţional Român) della Transilvania;
* il Partito Contadino (Partidul Ţărănesc). Il Partito Nazionale Contadino Cristiano Democratico, fondato nel 1990, si presenta come il prosecutore di tale soggetto politico. (it)
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