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J. R. R. Tolkien's fantasy books on Middle-earth, especially The Lord of the Rings and The Silmarillion, drew on a wide array of influences including language, Christianity, mythology, archaeology, ancient and modern literature, and personal experience. He was inspired primarily by his profession, philology; his work centred on the study of Old English literature, especially Beowulf, and he acknowledged its importance to his writings.

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  • J. R. R. Tolkien byl zároveň spisovatel s neobyčejnou fantazií i univerzitní profesor s nevšedními znalostmi. Proto lze stále nacházet množství pramenů, z nichž čerpal inspiraci pro svoji literární tvorbu, a to zejména na poli filologie, mytologie a náboženství. (cs)
  • Europäische Geschichte und Mythologie in Tolkiens Welt beleuchtet jene Hintergründe der insbesondere nordischen Mythologie und Geschichte, die in das mythologische Konzept des Werkes Mittelerde John Ronald Reuel Tolkiens und in dessen erdachte Welt eingeflossen sind. Tolkien war Sprachwissenschaftler und bekennender Katholik, verstand aber seine Dichtung keineswegs als Allegorie, sondern als eigenständige Schöpfung im Wortsinn. Darin finden sich sowohl zahlreiche Anklänge und Entlehnungen aus den mittelalterlichen Heldensagen, der isländischen Sagaliteratur und aus den germanischen, finnischen und walisisch-keltischen Mythologien, mit der er aufgrund seiner sprachwissenschaftlichen Studien vertraut war. Tolkien dienten als weitere Bezugspunkte Erzählstoffe aus der klassischen griechischen Mythologie und Heldenepik wie beispielsweise aus der homerischen Ilias oder die Darstellung des Untergangs von Atlantis durch Platon als auch diverse Märchenmotive, wie sie von den Gebrüdern Grimm aufgeschrieben wurden. Über seinen literarischen Zirkel in Oxford, den Inklings, dem unter anderem Charles Williams, C. S. Lewis und Owen Barfield angehörten, wurde Tolkien auch mit der zeitgenössischen Esoterik in deren christlich/romantisch geprägten Form vertraut. (de)
  • J. R. R. Tolkien's fantasy books on Middle-earth, especially The Lord of the Rings and The Silmarillion, drew on a wide array of influences including language, Christianity, mythology, archaeology, ancient and modern literature, and personal experience. He was inspired primarily by his profession, philology; his work centred on the study of Old English literature, especially Beowulf, and he acknowledged its importance to his writings. He was a gifted linguist, influenced by Germanic, Celtic, Finnish, Slavic, and Greek language and mythology. His fiction reflected his Christian beliefs and his early reading of adventure stories and fantasy books. Commentators have attempted to identify many literary and topological antecedents for characters, places and events in Tolkien's writings. Some writers were certainly important to him, including the Arts and Crafts polymath William Morris, and he undoubtedly made use of some real place-names, such as Bag End, the name of his aunt's home. Tolkien stated that he had been influenced by his childhood experiences of the English countryside of Worcestershire and its urbanisation by the growth of Birmingham, and his personal experience of fighting in the trenches of the First World War. (en)
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  • J. R. R. Tolkien byl zároveň spisovatel s neobyčejnou fantazií i univerzitní profesor s nevšedními znalostmi. Proto lze stále nacházet množství pramenů, z nichž čerpal inspiraci pro svoji literární tvorbu, a to zejména na poli filologie, mytologie a náboženství. (cs)
  • Europäische Geschichte und Mythologie in Tolkiens Welt beleuchtet jene Hintergründe der insbesondere nordischen Mythologie und Geschichte, die in das mythologische Konzept des Werkes Mittelerde John Ronald Reuel Tolkiens und in dessen erdachte Welt eingeflossen sind. (de)
  • J. R. R. Tolkien's fantasy books on Middle-earth, especially The Lord of the Rings and The Silmarillion, drew on a wide array of influences including language, Christianity, mythology, archaeology, ancient and modern literature, and personal experience. He was inspired primarily by his profession, philology; his work centred on the study of Old English literature, especially Beowulf, and he acknowledged its importance to his writings. (en)
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  • Prameny Tolkienova díla (cs)
  • Europäische Geschichte und Mythologie in Tolkiens Welt (de)
  • J. R. R. Tolkien's influences (en)
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