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Statements

Subject Item
dbr:War_of_1812
rdf:type
yago:WikicatWarsInvolvingTheStatesAndPeoplesOfNorthAmerica yago:YagoPermanentlyLocatedEntity yago:Battle100953559 yago:MilitaryAction100952963 yago:WikicatBattlesOfTheWarOf1812 dbo:MilitaryConflict yago:War100973077 dbo:Event yago:GroupAction101080366 yago:Wikicat19th-centuryConflicts yago:Abstraction100002137 yago:PsychologicalFeature100023100 yago:Act100030358 yago:Event100029378 yago:Conflict100958896 owl:Thing schema:Event n184:Event dbo:SocietalEvent wikidata:Q1656682 yago:WikicatWarsInvolvingCanada yago:WikicatWarsInvolvingEngland yago:WikicatWarsInvolvingTheUnitedStates yago:WikicatWarsInvolvingTheUnitedKingdom
rdfs:label
1812ko angloamerikar gerra Guerre anglo-américaine de 1812 Guerra Anglo-Americana de 1812 Oorlog van 1812 Αγγλοαμερικανικός πόλεμος του 1812 حرب 1812 Wojna brytyjsko-amerykańska Perang tahun 1812 1812년 전쟁 1812 års krig Guerra anglo-americana War of 1812 1812年战争 Англо-американская война Brit-usona milito de 1812 Guerra anglo-estadounidense de 1812 Britisch-Amerikanischer Krieg Англо-американська війна Cogadh 1812 Guerra anglo-americana de 1812-1815 米英戦争 Britsko-americká válka
rdfs:comment
1812 års krig (engelska: War of 1812) utkämpades 1812–1815 mellan USA och Storbritannien. Under kriget invaderade USA den brittiska besittningen Kanada, men slogs tillbaka. Brittiska trupper landsteg vid den amerikanska huvudstaden och brände bland annat Vita Huset. Britterna hade många indianska allierade, ledda av Tecumseh, och den blivande presidenten Andrew Jackson förde det bittra och blodiga kriget mot creekerna i Alabamaterritoriet (dagens Alabama). Krigets största slag utkämpades vid New Orleans 1815. Den amerikanska segern där var dock både militärt och utrikespolitiskt meningslös, då fred redan hade slutits i Gent 1814, fast nyheten ännu inte hunnit nå den amerikanska kontinenten. Perang tahun 1812 adalah konflik militer antara Amerika Serikat dan Britania Raya dari tahun 1812 sampai 1815, meskipun traktat perdamaian ditandatangani pada tahun 1814. Ada beberapa alasan Amerika Serikat menyatakan perang pada tahun 1812, di antaranya restriksi perdagangan akibat perang Britania dengan Prancis, perekrutan paksa pelaut dagang Amerika oleh Angkatan Laut Britania Raya, dukungan Britania untuk suku Indian melawan ekspansi Amerika, kemarahan luar biasa setelah terjadinya penghinaan terhadap kehormatan nasional setelah insiden di laut lepas dan kemungkinan niat Amerika menganeksasi Kanada. Britania Raya awalnya menggunakan strategi defensif, berulang kali menghalau invasi Amerika ke provinsi-provinsi di Amerika Utara Britania. Namun Amerika Serikat Danau Erie pada tahun 1813 La guerra anglo-estadounidense de 1812, también conocida como la guerra anglo-estadounidense o guerra de 1812 (War of 1812 en inglés) fue un conflicto que enfrentó a los Estados Unidos contra el Reino Unido y sus colonias canadienses que se desarrolló entre 1812 y 1815. Los enfrentamientos se dieron por tierra y por mar... Wojna brytyjsko-amerykańska, zwana też wojną Jamesa Madisona lub wojną roku 1812 (ang. War of 1812) – wojna pomiędzy Stanami Zjednoczonymi a Wielką Brytanią rozpoczęta amerykańską deklaracją wypowiedzenia wojny 18 czerwca 1812 i formalnie zakończona traktatem gandawskim zawartym 24 grudnia 1814. Mimo to znaczące działania wojenne trwały jeszcze do 18 lutego 1815 roku, kiedy miały miejsce: bitwa pod Nowym Orleanem i . Głównym teatrem wojny było pogranicze między Stanami Zjednoczonymi i brytyjską Kanadą. La Guerra anglo-nord-americana també coneguda com a Guerra anglo-americana o Guerra del 1812 va ser una guerra que va enfrontar els Estats Units contra el Regne Unit i les seves colònies canadenques, que van lluitar entre 1812 i 1815 per terra i mar. Els Estats Units van declarar la guerra al Regne Unit el 18 de juny de 1812. 米英戦争（べいえいせんそう）は、1812年6月から1815年2月までの期間にイギリス、その植民地であるカナダ及びイギリスと同盟を結んだインディアン諸部族とアメリカ合衆国との間で行われた戦争。 米英がカナダ、アメリカ東海岸、アメリカ南部、大西洋、エリー湖及びオンタリオ湖の領土を奪い合い、また両陣営がインディアンに代理戦争をさせたため、北米植民地戦争でもあり、インディアン戦争でもある。 「イギリス＝アメリカ戦争」「第二次独立戦争」とも呼ばれる。英語では専らWar of 1812（1812年戦争）と表現される。 Ο Πόλεμος του 1812 έγινε μεταξύ του Ηνωμένου Βασιλείου και των Ηνωμένων Πολιτειών Αμερικής από το 1812 ως το 1814 στην ξηρά και την θάλασσα της Βόρειας Αμερικής. Περισσότερη από την μισή από την βρετανική ισχύ αποτελούνταν από Καναδούς εθελοντές επειδή οι Βρετανοί στρατιώτες πολεμούσαν τον Ναπολέοντα στην Ευρώπη. Οι Βρετανοί κατατρόπωσαν τις Αμερικανικές δυνάμεις. Στην αρχή ο πόλεμος αύξησε τα επίπεδα του εθνικισμού στον Καναδά και τις ΗΠΑ. 1812年战争（War of 1812），又稱第二次獨立戰爭、美英戰爭，是美国方同盟与英国方同盟之间发生于1812至1815年的战争。名義上是美国正式向英国宣战，但是英国军队的50%兵员是加拿大的民兵。同时，美洲印地安部落由于种种原因也卷入了战争。 1812年6月18日，美国向英国宣战。1812至1813年，美国攻击英国北美殖民地加拿大各省。1813年10月至1814年3月，英国在欧洲击败拿破仑，将更多的兵力增援北美战场。英国占领美国的缅因州，并且一度攻占美国首都华盛顿，焚燒了美国国会大厦和白宮。但是英国陆军在美国南部的路易斯安那州战场、尚普蘭湖戰役、巴爾的摩戰役、新奧爾良戰役中多次遭到挫败，并且海军也遭受败局。1815年双方停战，边界恢復原状。 De Oorlog van 1812 was een militair conflict in het huidige Canada tussen enerzijds de Verenigde Staten en anderzijds het Verenigd Koninkrijk en zijn Noord-Amerikaanse koloniën, dat van 1812 tot 1815 plaatsvond. De oorlog begon nadat de Amerikaanse president Thomas Jefferson had besloten buiten de Europese conflicten te blijven. Hij wilde zich wijden aan de opbouw van de nieuwe natie; onder zijn bewind werd het grondgebied verdubbeld. De Verenigde Staten wilden bovendien ongehinderd handel blijven drijven met het Frankrijk van Napoleon Bonaparte en met de door Napoleon beheerste andere landen op het vasteland van Europa. Het Verenigd Koninkrijk wilde dit neutraliteitsrecht niet erkennen. Als reactie daarop kondigde Jefferson een handelsembargo af. A Guerra de 1812, ou a Guerra Anglo-Americana (em inglês: War of 1812), foi a guerra entre os Estados Unidos e o Reino Unido e suas colônias, incluindo o Canadá Superior (Ontário), o Canadá Inferior (Quebec), Nova Escócia, Bermuda e a ilha da Terra Nova. Entre 1812 e 1814 ocorreu o conflito, durante o governo do presidente James Madison. Apesar dos desastres sofridos, o Tratado de Gante, que acabou com a guerra, não promoveu modificações no mapa dos Estados Unidos, embora tenha provocado um aumento do sentimento nacionalista da população e consolidado a União. The War of 1812 (18 June 1812 – 17 February 1815) was fought by the United States of America and its indigenous allies against the United Kingdom and its allies in British North America, with limited participation by Spain in Florida. It began when the United States declared war on 18 June 1812 and, although peace terms were agreed upon in the December 1814 Treaty of Ghent, did not officially end until the peace treaty was ratified by Congress on 17 February 1815. Britsko-americká válka (též válka roku 1812, druhá americká válka za nezávislost, americká válka 1812–1815 či anglo-americká válka) byla vojenským střetnutím mezi USA a Britským impériem (1812–1815). Důvodem pro ně byly spory v oblasti námořního obchodu a rozdělení území a sfér vlivu na severoamerickém kontinentu mezi Spojenými státy a Velkou Británii. Válku oficiálně vyhlásily Spojené státy americké 18. června 1812 a krátce poté zahájily obě strany aktivní bojové akce. Britská strana těžila ze své vstřícnější politiky vůči indiánům, která byla hlavním důvodem, že většina indiánů účastnících se války bojovala na její straně (včetně zbytků Tecumsehovy aliance), Američané zase z toho, že většinu britské pozornosti i zdrojů poutaly zpočátku napoleonské války. 1812ko angloamerikar gerra 1812-1815 urteetan Ameriketako Estatu Batuek eta Erresuma Batuak (Britainia Handia eta Irlandako Erresuma Batua eta kolonia kanadarrak) elkarren kontra egindako gerra izan zen. Borrokak lurrez eta itsasoz gertatu ziren Ipar Amerikako eremuan. Gerrak ez zuen garaile garbirik izan. حرب 1812 (بالإنجليزية: War of 1812)‏، كانت بين الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية وبريطانيا العظمى ومستعمراتها في أمريكا الشمالية بالإضافة إلى الحلفاء من الهنود الحمر. كانت حربًا غريبة يمكن تسميتها أيضًا بحرب الاتصال. فقبل يومين من إعلان الحرب كانت الحكومة البريطانية قد صرّحت بأنها ستلغي القوانين التي كانت السبب الرئيسي في القتال. فلو كان هنالك اتصال برقي بين أمريكا وأوروبا، لكان من الممكن جدًا تجنب الحرب. ادّعى الجانبان النصر في حرب عام 1812 وكان النزاع برمته مجموعة من التناقضات بين الولايات المتحدة الفتية وبريطانيا القوية. 1812년 전쟁(영어: War of 1812)는 1812년 6월부터 1815년 2월까지 미국과 영국, 그리고 양국의 동맹국 사이에서 벌어진 전쟁이다. 영국의 역사학자들은 이 전쟁을 나폴레옹 전쟁의 일부로 간주하지만, 미국과 캐나다에서는 서로 구별하고 있으며, 나폴레옹 전쟁과 별개로 벌어진 전쟁으로 간주한다. 프랑스 제1제국과의 전쟁의 발발로 인해 영국은 프랑스와의 중립적인 무역을 막기 위해 해상봉쇄를 감행했고, 미국은 이것이 국제법을 위반한 것임을 주장하며 미국과 영국과의 관계를 악화시켰다. 해상봉쇄를 감행하기 위해 영국은 미국 상선 항해사들을 영국 해군에 복무하게 했다. 전쟁 발발 5년 전 발생한 체사피크 레오퍼드 사건을 비롯한 여러 사건들은 미국 내에 반영 감정을 증폭시켰다. 1811년에는 11명의 영국 해군이 사망한 으로 인해, 영국 역시 이에 분노하게 되었다. 1812년 6월 18일, 미국 대통령 제임스 매디슨은 매파의 압력으로 영국과의 전쟁을 선포했다. Англо-американская война 1812—1815 годов (англ. War of 1812, «война 1812 года») — вооружённый конфликт между США и Великобританией в период наполеоновских войн. Конфликт получил у американцев название «Второй войны за независимость», поскольку подтвердил статус США как суверенной страны. В конфликт на стороне Великобритании были вовлечены многие племена индейцев. А́нгло-америка́нська війна́ 1812-1814 відома в англомовній історіографія як війна 1812 року — війна між США і Великою Британією, викликана втручанням останньої в торговельні справи США. Напружені відносини з британцями в Канаді призвели до виникнення планів вторгнення США в Канаду, які однак так ніколи й не були реалізовані. У 1814 британські війська окупували Вашингтон в окрузі Колумбія і спалили багато будинків, в тому числі і перший Білий Дім. Мирний договір був підписаний в грудні 1814 року в Генті. La guerra anglo-americana (detta anche guerra del 1812 per via dell'anno in cui scoppiò) fu un conflitto combattuto tra il Regno Unito e gli Stati Uniti d'America tra il giugno del 1812 e il febbraio del 1815. La guerra ebbe termine con la firma del trattato di Gand, firmato il 24 dicembre 1814 ed entrato in vigore il 17 febbraio 1815. La brit-usona milito de 1812, konata ankaŭ kiel la angl-usona milito aŭ milito de 1812 (War of 1812 en angla) estis armea konflikto kiu estis luktita de Usono kaj Unuiĝinta Reĝlando apogita en ties kolonioj kanadaj kiu okazis inter 1812 kaj 1815. La bataloj okazis kaj surtere kaj mare. En Kanado tiu milito estas konsiderita venko ĉar evitis la konkeron fare de la sudaj najbaroj, dum en Usono estas celebrata kiel nasko de nova spirito de nacia unueco de la juna lando kaj kiel grava montro de internacia forto kiu faris, ke el Londono oni respektu por la estonteco la usonan sendependecon. Coimhlint ab ea Cogadh 1812 (1812–1815) a throid idir an Stáit Aontaithe Mheiriceá, an Ríocht Aontaithe, agus a gcomhghuaillithe fhéin. Der Britisch-Amerikanische Krieg zwischen den Vereinigten Staaten und dem Vereinigten Königreich, auch bekannt als Krieg von 1812, Zweiter Unabhängigkeitskrieg oder Mr. Madisons Krieg, begann mit der Kriegserklärung der Vereinigten Staaten am 18. Juni 1812 und wurde durch den Frieden von Gent vom 24. Dezember 1814 beendet, auf den jedoch weitere Kämpfe folgten, die bis in das Jahr 1815 dauerten. Als Ergebnis des Krieges wurde im Wesentlichen der Status quo ante bellum wiederhergestellt. La guerre anglo-américaine de 1812 a opposé les États-Unis au Royaume-Uni, avec ses deux colonies du Bas-Canada et du Haut-Canada, entre juin 1812 et février 1815. Cette guerre est aussi connue sous les noms de Guerre de 1812, de seconde guerre d’indépendance, ou plus rarement de guerre américano-britannique ou encore de guerre canado-américaine car il s'agit d'une invasion du Canada par les États-Unis. L’appellation « Guerre de 1812 » peut parfois conduire à une confusion, la guerre d’invasion de la Russie par Napoléon Ier, la campagne de Russie, ayant lieu la même année.
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dbo:thumbnail
n19:War_of_1812_Montage.jpg?width=300
dbp:4a
Golson Carlisle
dbp:4p
44
dbp:4y
2007
dbp:campaignbox
St. Lawrence FrontierNiagara frontierOld NorthwestChesapeake campaignGulf Theater 1813–1815Naval
dbp:1a
Hickey Langguth Latimer Cooper Reilly Perkins Pratt Heidler
dbp:1p
270 7 152
dbp:1pp
389 9 108 303306
dbp:1y
1856 1964 1974 1925 1989 2006 2007 2002
dbp:2a
Crawford Hickey Daughan Latimer Dudley Cogliano Hacker Gash
dbp:2p
639 247 151 88
dbp:2pp
365 150 111
dbp:2y
2008 2009 2011 2006 1984 1985 1924
dbp:3a
Hickey Hibbert Lambert
dbp:3p
399 164 47
dbp:3y
1989 1997 2012
dbp:align
right
dbp:bot
InternetArchiveBot
dbp:caption
Clockwise from top: The death of Tecumseh in 1813 Andrew Jackson defeats the British assault on New Orleans in 1815 Damage to the United States Capitol after the burning of Washington Mortally wounded Isaac Brock spurs on the York Volunteers at the battle of Queenston Heights USS Constitution vs HMS Guerriere
dbp:casualties
278 Unknown captured 10000 Up to 15,000 deaths from all causes 4000 5200 <20 casualties 20000 2700 : ~1,344 merchant ships captured ---- 15500 4505 1400 Indigenous allies: 2200 4 8
dbp:combatant
* * Allies: * Tecumseh's Confederacy ** Shawnee ** Creek Red Sticks ** Ojibwe ** Fox ** Miami ** Ottawa ** Kickapoo ** Lenape ** Potawatomi ** Sauk ** Wyandot * Six Nations ** Allies: * Choctaw * Cherokee * Creek * Seneca
dbp:commander
Edward Pakenham Mateo González Manrique Philip Broke Charles de Salaberry Peter Parker Henry Dearborn Robert Jenkinson Cecil Bisshopp Wade Hampton I Black Hawk William Henry Harrison Andrew Jackson James Monroe Stephen Decatur Paul Hamilton George Downie John Rodgers Tecumseh Isaac Brock Robert Ross Roundhead Jacob Brown William Hull Red Jacket Edward Codrington George Prévost John Macdonell Gordon Drummond Gordon Drummond Winfield Scott James Madison
dbp:conflict
War of 1812
dbp:date
0001-06-18 July 2022 February 2021 2012-03-10 2014-02-06 2011-10-02 2012-01-09
dbp:direction
horizontal
dbp:fixAttempted
yes
dbp:footer
The United States Declaration of War and Isaac Brock's Proclamation in response to it
dbp:id
gov.archives.arc.37624 390
dbp:image
1812 Proclamation Province of Upper Canada by Isaac Brock.jpg
dbp:imageSize
300
dbp:notes
‡ A locally raised coastal protection and semi-naval force on the Great Lakes Some militias operated only in their own regions Killed in action
dbp:partof
the Sixty Years' War
dbp:reason
"...and Native American opposition to westward expansion was removed." Which tribes no longer posed an issue? How did this change come about?
dbp:result
Inconclusive, military draw * Treaty of Ghent * British/allied victory of halting United States invasion of Canada * American victory against British invasions of the Old Northwest, Mid-Atlantic, New England, and Southern regions * American victory against Tecumseh's confederacy * American victory against the Red Stick Creeks and the Treaty of Fort Jackson * American victory against British forces in Florida. British forces are driven out of Florida. * American victory against Spain. Spain's influence is severely weakened and diminished in Florida. For its aftermath, see Historiography of the War of 1812 and Results of the War of 1812
dbp:strength
48160 Militia: 458,463 Provincial Marine ‡ Frigates: 12 Native American allies: 10,000–15,000 Privateers: 515 ships ---- Ships: 9 ---- Other vessels: 14 United States Marines Royal Marines Militia: 4,000 United States Navy and United States Revenue Cutter Service : Ships of the line: none United States Army: Unknown number of other tribes and nations Royal Navy Frigates: 34 125 Ships of the line: 11 5200 35800 7000 Other vessels: 52 United States Rangers: 3,049 British Army:
dbp:territory
* Anglo–American status quo ante bellum * Spain loses West Florida to the United States * Indigenous nations are mostly displaced from their land
dbp:title
The War of 1812: A Forgotten Conflict
dbp:url
n31:Fire_Along_the_Frontier_Timelines n36:Fire_Along_the_Frontier_Stories_and_Texts n67: n70:
dbp:width
140 159
dbp:5a
Stagg
dbp:5pp
5
dbp:5y
2012
dbp:6a
Tucker
dbp:6p
236
dbp:6y
2011
dbo:abstract
La guerra anglo-americana (detta anche guerra del 1812 per via dell'anno in cui scoppiò) fu un conflitto combattuto tra il Regno Unito e gli Stati Uniti d'America tra il giugno del 1812 e il febbraio del 1815. La guerra ebbe termine con la firma del trattato di Gand, firmato il 24 dicembre 1814 ed entrato in vigore il 17 febbraio 1815. Perang tahun 1812 adalah konflik militer antara Amerika Serikat dan Britania Raya dari tahun 1812 sampai 1815, meskipun traktat perdamaian ditandatangani pada tahun 1814. Ada beberapa alasan Amerika Serikat menyatakan perang pada tahun 1812, di antaranya restriksi perdagangan akibat perang Britania dengan Prancis, perekrutan paksa pelaut dagang Amerika oleh Angkatan Laut Britania Raya, dukungan Britania untuk suku Indian melawan ekspansi Amerika, kemarahan luar biasa setelah terjadinya penghinaan terhadap kehormatan nasional setelah insiden di laut lepas dan kemungkinan niat Amerika menganeksasi Kanada. Britania Raya awalnya menggunakan strategi defensif, berulang kali menghalau invasi Amerika ke provinsi-provinsi di Amerika Utara Britania. Namun Amerika Serikat Danau Erie pada tahun 1813, merampas sebagian , dan mengakhiri prospek Konfederasi Indian dan sebuah negara Indian di Amerika Barat Tengah yang didukung Britania. Di Amerika Barat Daya, Jenderal Andrew Jackson menghancurkan kekuatan militer di 1814. Setelah , Britania mengadopsi strategi yang lebih agresif dengan mengirimkan tiga kelompok tentara invasi dalam jumlah besar. Kemenangan Britinia dalam Pertempuran Bladensburg Agustus 1814 berakhir dengan direbut dan dibakarnya Washington, D.C. Kemenangan Amerika Serikat pada bulan September 1814 dan Januari 1815 mengusir ketiga kelompok tentara invasi Britania di , Baltimore, dan New Orleans. Di laut, kapal-kapal perang dan dari kedua belah pihak saling menyerang kapal-kapal dagang milik satu sama lainnya. Britania memblokade pesisir Atlantik Amerika Serikat dan melakukan serbuan-serbuan skala besar dalam tahap akhir perang. Amerika Serikat berjaya di laut, kapal-kapalnya berduel satu lawan satu melawan frigat-frigat Britania. Di Danau-Danau Besar, kapal Amerika Serikat mengalahkan kapal provinsi Britania seperti di . Pertempuran darat dan laut berlangsung di garis depan antara Danau-Danau Besar dan Sungai Saint Lawrence. Di wilayah Selatan dan Teluk Meksiko terjadi pertempuran darat besar-besaran, tentara Amerika Serikat menghancurkan aliansi Indian-Britania dan memukul mundur kekuatan invasi Britania di New Orleans. Kedua belah pihak saling menduduki wilayah satu sama lainnya, tetapi invasi ini hanya bersifat sementara. Pada akhir perang, kedua belah pihak saling menduduki wilayah satu sama lainnya, tetapi wilayah-wilayah tersebut dikembalikan setelah ditandatanganinya Traktat Ghent. Pertempuran-pertempuran besar seperti Pertempuran New Orleans 1815 dan Pertempuran Baltimore 1814 (yang menginspirasi lagu kebangsaan Amerika Serikat "The Star-Spangled Banner") mengakibatkan perasaan euforia "perang kemerdekaan kedua" melawan Britania. Perang ini mengawali "" ketika permusuhan di antara kedua belah pihak nyaris tidak ada lagi. Setelah berulang kali berhasil memukul mundur invasi Amerika Serikat, Kanada juga bangkit dari perang dengan perasaan solidaritas dan kebangsaan yang lebih tinggi. Pertempuran-pertempuran seperti dan dijadikan salah satu ikon oleh orang Kanada. Di Kanada, terutama di Ontario, ingatan terhadap perang memiliki arti nasional yang signifikan karena invasi-invasi Amerika Serikat dipandang oleh orang Kanada sebagai upaya aneksasi oleh Amerika yang berusaha memperluas wilayah Amerika Serikat. 1812ko angloamerikar gerra 1812-1815 urteetan Ameriketako Estatu Batuek eta Erresuma Batuak (Britainia Handia eta Irlandako Erresuma Batua eta kolonia kanadarrak) elkarren kontra egindako gerra izan zen. Borrokak lurrez eta itsasoz gertatu ziren Ipar Amerikako eremuan. Gerrak ez zuen garaile garbirik izan. La guerra anglo-estadounidense de 1812, también conocida como la guerra anglo-estadounidense o guerra de 1812 (War of 1812 en inglés) fue un conflicto que enfrentó a los Estados Unidos contra el Reino Unido y sus colonias canadienses que se desarrolló entre 1812 y 1815. Los enfrentamientos se dieron por tierra y por mar... En un momento en el que el Reino Unido de Gran Bretaña e Irlanda debía soportar un gran esfuerzo de guerra para hacer frente a la Francia Napoleónica, el 18 de junio de 1812 los Estados Unidos le declaran la guerra con el fin de invadir los territorios canadienses pertenecientes al Imperio Británico. Estos habían sido poblados a lo largo de cuarenta años por angloparlantes y mantenían numerosas relaciones culturales y comerciales con los Estados Unidos. Entre otras causas de la guerra están las restricciones al comercio impuestas por el Reino Unido a causa de la guerra que mantenía en Europa contra Francia, el reclutamiento forzado de marineros mercantes estadounidenses para servir en la Marina Real Británica y el apoyo británico a los pueblos indígenas de Norteamérica que se oponían a la expansión de Estados Unidos. 1812년 전쟁(영어: War of 1812)는 1812년 6월부터 1815년 2월까지 미국과 영국, 그리고 양국의 동맹국 사이에서 벌어진 전쟁이다. 영국의 역사학자들은 이 전쟁을 나폴레옹 전쟁의 일부로 간주하지만, 미국과 캐나다에서는 서로 구별하고 있으며, 나폴레옹 전쟁과 별개로 벌어진 전쟁으로 간주한다. 프랑스 제1제국과의 전쟁의 발발로 인해 영국은 프랑스와의 중립적인 무역을 막기 위해 해상봉쇄를 감행했고, 미국은 이것이 국제법을 위반한 것임을 주장하며 미국과 영국과의 관계를 악화시켰다. 해상봉쇄를 감행하기 위해 영국은 미국 상선 항해사들을 영국 해군에 복무하게 했다. 전쟁 발발 5년 전 발생한 체사피크 레오퍼드 사건을 비롯한 여러 사건들은 미국 내에 반영 감정을 증폭시켰다. 1811년에는 11명의 영국 해군이 사망한 으로 인해, 영국 역시 이에 분노하게 되었다. 이때 영국은 국경지역에서 미국 정착자들을 공격하는 아메리카 원주민들을 지원하고 있었고, 이는 아메리카 대륙으로의 확장을 추진하던 미국 정부의 분노를 사게 되었다. 역사학자들은 현재 캐나다인 영국령 북아메리카 일부 또는 전체를 병합하고자 하는 미국의 욕구가 미국이 전쟁을 하겠다고 결정한 것에 대해 영향을 미쳤는지에 대해 논의 중이다. 1812년 6월 18일, 미국 대통령 제임스 매디슨은 매파의 압력으로 영국과의 전쟁을 선포했다. 나폴레옹 전쟁으로 인해 대부분의 군대가 유럽에 있었던 영국은 방어 전략을 채택했다. 미국의 전쟁 추진 능력은 국민들로부터의 반발로 인해 제대로 이뤄지지 못했다. 특히 뉴잉글랜드 주에서 반발이 심했는데, 이들은 이 전쟁을 "매디슨 씨의 전쟁"이라고 경멸적으로 불렀다. 미국의 및 퀸스턴 하이츠 전투에서의 패배로 인해 어퍼 캐나다를 장악하겠다는 미국의 시도는 좌절되었으며 영국군의 사기를 높이는 결과를 가져왔다. 미국은 로어 캐나다와 몬트리올을 장악하려고 했으나 이것도 실패로 끝나고 말았다. 1813년 미군은 이리 호 전투에서 승리를 거두었고, 을 테임즈 전투에서 패배시켜 전쟁의 우선 목표를 달성했다. 미국이 캐나다를 침공하려는 마지막 시도는 에서 미군이 패배하면서 실패로 끝났다. 해상에서는 강력한 영국 해군이 미국의 항구를 봉쇄해 미국의 무역을 차단하고 영국군이 해안을 급습할 수 있는 기회를 만들어주었다. 1814년 이러한 공습 중 하나로 워싱턴 방화가 있었으며, 미군은 이에 맞서 플래츠버그 전투와 발티모어 전투에서 영국군을 격퇴시켰다. 영국에서는 전쟁세와 미국과의 무역을 재개하자는 요구로 인해 전쟁에 대한 반대 목소리가 높아졌다. 퐁텐블로 조약을 통해 프랑스에 대한 해상봉쇄가 종료되었고, 영국은 압박을 중단했다. 영국은 이후 미국 항해사들에 대해 고려할 가치가 없다고 판단했다. 영국 정부는 이후 미국 해안에 대한 봉쇄를 강화해 미국의 해상 무역을 거의 중단시켰고, 미국 정부를 파산으로 몰고 갔다. 1814년 8월부터 평화 협상이 이뤄졌고, 1814년 12월 24일 헨트 조약이 체결되었다. 평화 조약은 몇몇 지역에 전달되지 못했고, 이에 따라 영국군은 루이지애나를 침공했지만 1815년 1월 뉴올리언스 전투에서 패배했다. 이 승리 덕분에 미국에 대한 반전 감정은 완전히 사라졌으며, 이는 미국 전체가 다시 통합되는데 기여했다. 미국 정부는 1815년 2월 27일 종전을 공식적으로 발효했으며 전쟁은 이전 상태로 복귀했다. 1812 års krig (engelska: War of 1812) utkämpades 1812–1815 mellan USA och Storbritannien. Under kriget invaderade USA den brittiska besittningen Kanada, men slogs tillbaka. Brittiska trupper landsteg vid den amerikanska huvudstaden och brände bland annat Vita Huset. Britterna hade många indianska allierade, ledda av Tecumseh, och den blivande presidenten Andrew Jackson förde det bittra och blodiga kriget mot creekerna i Alabamaterritoriet (dagens Alabama). Krigets största slag utkämpades vid New Orleans 1815. Den amerikanska segern där var dock både militärt och utrikespolitiskt meningslös, då fred redan hade slutits i Gent 1814, fast nyheten ännu inte hunnit nå den amerikanska kontinenten. 1812年战争（War of 1812），又稱第二次獨立戰爭、美英戰爭，是美国方同盟与英国方同盟之间发生于1812至1815年的战争。名義上是美国正式向英国宣战，但是英国军队的50%兵员是加拿大的民兵。同时，美洲印地安部落由于种种原因也卷入了战争。 1812年6月18日，美国向英国宣战。1812至1813年，美国攻击英国北美殖民地加拿大各省。1813年10月至1814年3月，英国在欧洲击败拿破仑，将更多的兵力增援北美战场。英国占领美国的缅因州，并且一度攻占美国首都华盛顿，焚燒了美国国会大厦和白宮。但是英国陆军在美国南部的路易斯安那州战场、尚普蘭湖戰役、巴爾的摩戰役、新奧爾良戰役中多次遭到挫败，并且海军也遭受败局。1815年双方停战，边界恢復原状。 Coimhlint ab ea Cogadh 1812 (1812–1815) a throid idir an Stáit Aontaithe Mheiriceá, an Ríocht Aontaithe, agus a gcomhghuaillithe fhéin. De Oorlog van 1812 was een militair conflict in het huidige Canada tussen enerzijds de Verenigde Staten en anderzijds het Verenigd Koninkrijk en zijn Noord-Amerikaanse koloniën, dat van 1812 tot 1815 plaatsvond. De oorlog begon nadat de Amerikaanse president Thomas Jefferson had besloten buiten de Europese conflicten te blijven. Hij wilde zich wijden aan de opbouw van de nieuwe natie; onder zijn bewind werd het grondgebied verdubbeld. De Verenigde Staten wilden bovendien ongehinderd handel blijven drijven met het Frankrijk van Napoleon Bonaparte en met de door Napoleon beheerste andere landen op het vasteland van Europa. Het Verenigd Koninkrijk wilde dit neutraliteitsrecht niet erkennen. Als reactie daarop kondigde Jefferson een handelsembargo af. In 1812 verklaarde Jeffersons opvolger James Madison de oorlog aan het Verenigd Koninkrijk met als hoofddoel de Indiaans-Britse coalitie te breken en heel Canada te veroveren, of, zoals de Amerikanen het zagen, te bevrijden. Vandaar dat in de Verenigde Staten de naam second war of independence (Tweede Onafhankelijkheidsoorlog) gebruikelijk is. Tijdens deze oorlog, die voor de Amerikanen niet naar wens verliep, werd op 27 april 1813 de stad York - het toenmalige bestuurscentrum van Canada; thans bekend als Toronto - door de Amerikanen platgebrand. In de nacht van 24 op 25 augustus 1814 werd Washington door de Britten bezet en werden verschillende openbare gebouwen, waaronder het Witte Huis, platgebrand. De oorlog werd beëindigd met de Vrede van Gent, die in 1814 werd opgesteld en in 1815 door de Amerikanen werd geratificeerd. De Britse suprematie ter zee werd er niet mee ingetoomd. Evenmin slaagden de Amerikanen erin Canada te veroveren. Wel staakten de Britten het ondersteunen van hun Indiaanse bondgenoten, zodat de kolonisering door de Amerikanen van Indiaans gebied niet meer door de Britten werd belemmerd. Verder ontstond tijdens en na het conflict een echt Amerikaans nationaal gevoel, gesterkt door verschillende heroïsche verhalen uit de oorlog. Dit leidde ertoe dat de volgende president, James Monroe, een isolationistische doctrine afkondigde, naar hem de Monroe-doctrine genoemd. Hierdoor hield de VS zich tot de Spaans-Amerikaanse Oorlog in 1898 buiten elk Europees conflict en wijdde het land zich volop aan de expansie en machtsuitbreiding op het Amerikaanse continent. 米英戦争（べいえいせんそう）は、1812年6月から1815年2月までの期間にイギリス、その植民地であるカナダ及びイギリスと同盟を結んだインディアン諸部族とアメリカ合衆国との間で行われた戦争。 米英がカナダ、アメリカ東海岸、アメリカ南部、大西洋、エリー湖及びオンタリオ湖の領土を奪い合い、また両陣営がインディアンに代理戦争をさせたため、北米植民地戦争でもあり、インディアン戦争でもある。 「イギリス＝アメリカ戦争」「第二次独立戦争」とも呼ばれる。英語では専らWar of 1812（1812年戦争）と表現される。 А́нгло-америка́нська війна́ 1812-1814 відома в англомовній історіографія як війна 1812 року — війна між США і Великою Британією, викликана втручанням останньої в торговельні справи США. Напружені відносини з британцями в Канаді призвели до виникнення планів вторгнення США в Канаду, які однак так ніколи й не були реалізовані. У 1814 британські війська окупували Вашингтон в окрузі Колумбія і спалили багато будинків, в тому числі і перший Білий Дім. Мирний договір був підписаний в грудні 1814 року в Генті. La Guerra anglo-nord-americana també coneguda com a Guerra anglo-americana o Guerra del 1812 va ser una guerra que va enfrontar els Estats Units contra el Regne Unit i les seves colònies canadenques, que van lluitar entre 1812 i 1815 per terra i mar. Els Estats Units van declarar la guerra al Regne Unit el 18 de juny de 1812. The War of 1812 (18 June 1812 – 17 February 1815) was fought by the United States of America and its indigenous allies against the United Kingdom and its allies in British North America, with limited participation by Spain in Florida. It began when the United States declared war on 18 June 1812 and, although peace terms were agreed upon in the December 1814 Treaty of Ghent, did not officially end until the peace treaty was ratified by Congress on 17 February 1815. Tensions originated in long-standing differences over territorial expansion in North America and British support for Native American tribes who opposed US colonial settlement in the Northwest Territory. These escalated in 1807 after the Royal Navy began enforcing tighter restrictions on American trade with France and press-ganged men they claimed as British subjects, even those with American citizenship certificates. Opinion in the US was split on how to respond, and although majorities in both the House and Senate voted for war, they divided along strict party lines, with the Democratic-Republican Party in favour and the Federalist Party against. News of British concessions made in an attempt to avoid war did not reach the US until late July, by which time the conflict was already underway. At sea, the far larger Royal Navy imposed an effective blockade on U.S. maritime trade, while between 1812 to 1814 British regulars and colonial militia defeated a series of American attacks on Upper Canada. This was balanced by the US winning control of the Northwest Territory with victories at Lake Erie and the Thames in 1813. The abdication of Napoleon in early 1814 allowed the British to send additional troops to North America and the Royal Navy to reinforce their blockade, crippling the American economy. In August 1814, negotiations began in Ghent, with both sides wanting peace; the British economy had been severely impacted by the trade embargo, while the Federalists convened the Hartford Convention in December to formalise their opposition to the war. In August 1814, British troops burned Washington, before American victories at Baltimore and Plattsburgh in September ended fighting in the north. Fighting continued in the Southeastern United States, where in late 1813 a civil war had broken out between a Creek faction supported by Spanish and British traders and those backed by the US. Supported by US militia under General Andrew Jackson, the American backed Creeks won a series of victories, culminating in the capture of Pensacola in November 1814. In early 1815, Jackson defeated a British attack on New Orleans, catapulting him to national celebrity and later victory in the 1828 United States presidential election. News of this success arrived in Washington at the same time as that of the signing of the Treaty of Ghent, which essentially restored the position to that prevailing before the war. While Britain insisted this included lands belonging to their Native American allies prior to 1811, Congress did not recognize them as independent nations and neither side sought to enforce this requirement. Wojna brytyjsko-amerykańska, zwana też wojną Jamesa Madisona lub wojną roku 1812 (ang. War of 1812) – wojna pomiędzy Stanami Zjednoczonymi a Wielką Brytanią rozpoczęta amerykańską deklaracją wypowiedzenia wojny 18 czerwca 1812 i formalnie zakończona traktatem gandawskim zawartym 24 grudnia 1814. Mimo to znaczące działania wojenne trwały jeszcze do 18 lutego 1815 roku, kiedy miały miejsce: bitwa pod Nowym Orleanem i . Głównym teatrem wojny było pogranicze między Stanami Zjednoczonymi i brytyjską Kanadą. La brit-usona milito de 1812, konata ankaŭ kiel la angl-usona milito aŭ milito de 1812 (War of 1812 en angla) estis armea konflikto kiu estis luktita de Usono kaj Unuiĝinta Reĝlando apogita en ties kolonioj kanadaj kiu okazis inter 1812 kaj 1815. La bataloj okazis kaj surtere kaj mare. En epoko en kiu la Unuiĝinta Reĝlando de Granda Britio kaj Irlando devis elteni grandajn militklopodojn por fronti kontraŭ la Francio de Napoleono, en la 18-a de junio 1812 Usono deklaris militon cele al invado de la kanadaj teritorioj kiuj tiam apartenis al la Brita Imperio. Tiuj dekomence loĝitaj de francoj estis poste reloĝataj laŭlonge de kvar dek jaroj fare de angloparolantoj (multaj fakte fuĝintoj el la usona milito) kiuj tenis nombrajn kulturajn kaj komercajn rilatojn kun Usono. Inter aliaj faktoroj okazintaj la militon estis limigoj al komerco truditaj de la Unuiĝinta Reĝlando pro la milito en Eŭropo kontraŭ Francio, la deviga rekrutado de usonaj komercaj maristoj por servi en la brita Reĝa Mararmeo kaj la brita apogo al la indianaj popoloj de Nordameriko kiuj kontraŭis la doktrino de la Evidenta destino de Usono kiel etendanto okcidenten. Dekomence usonanoj klopodis invadi la kanadajn teritoriojn sed malsukcese, krome ili suferis navigan bojkoton fare de la Reĝa Mararmeo. Tamen ili sukcesis kontroli la navigadon en la lagoj Erie kaj Champlain, per kio ili evitis invadojn el Kanado. Tamen post la malvenko de Napoleono en 1814, la britoj adoptis strategion pli agresema kaj sendis tri invadajn armeojn al Nordameriko. Tiel ili sukcesis eniri en partoj de Maine kaj post venko en la batalo de Bladensburg en aŭgusto 1814 ili eĉ ekkaptis la urbon Vaŝingtono kie bruligis publikajn konstruaĵojn, kielo la Blanka Domo kaj la Trezoro dum tiu kiu nomiĝis la Bruligo de Vaŝingtono. Siaflanke, la usonanoj detruis la britajn fortojn komponitajn de indiĝenoj nordoriente kaj sudoriente, kaj tiel ili evitis la planon de starigo de Indiana Konfederacio sendependa en la regiono de la Mezokcidento, sub apogo de la britoj. La usonaj venkoj en septembro 1814 kaj januaro 1815 forpelis la tri britajn invadojn en Novjorkio kaj Baltimoro. Fine de 1814 usonanoj venkis en la Batalo de Nova Orleano, kiam fakte la paciga Traktato de Gento jam estis subskribita; per tiu ĉiu invadita teritorio estis redonita al la antaŭa posedanto. En Kanado tiu milito estas konsiderita venko ĉar evitis la konkeron fare de la sudaj najbaroj, dum en Usono estas celebrata kiel nasko de nova spirito de nacia unueco de la juna lando kaj kiel grava montro de internacia forto kiu faris, ke el Londono oni respektu por la estonteco la usonan sendependecon. Oni ĉirkaŭkalkulis pli ol 1500 mortojn de la brita flanko kaj 2500 de la usona flanko. Англо-американская война 1812—1815 годов (англ. War of 1812, «война 1812 года») — вооружённый конфликт между США и Великобританией в период наполеоновских войн. Конфликт получил у американцев название «Второй войны за независимость», поскольку подтвердил статус США как суверенной страны. В конфликт на стороне Великобритании были вовлечены многие племена индейцев. حرب 1812 (بالإنجليزية: War of 1812)‏، كانت بين الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية وبريطانيا العظمى ومستعمراتها في أمريكا الشمالية بالإضافة إلى الحلفاء من الهنود الحمر. كانت حربًا غريبة يمكن تسميتها أيضًا بحرب الاتصال. فقبل يومين من إعلان الحرب كانت الحكومة البريطانية قد صرّحت بأنها ستلغي القوانين التي كانت السبب الرئيسي في القتال. فلو كان هنالك اتصال برقي بين أمريكا وأوروبا، لكان من الممكن جدًا تجنب الحرب. كانت شكوى الولايات المتحدة الرئيسية ضد بريطانيا تتمثل في اعتراضها للسفن. ولكن ولايات إنجلترا الجديدة ـ مركز السفن الكبير في الولايات المتحدة ـ عارضت بشدة فكرة اللجوء إلى الحرب. وقد جاءت المطالبة بالحرب بصفة رئيسية من الولايات الموجودة في الغرب والجنوب. ادّعى الجانبان النصر في حرب عام 1812 وكان النزاع برمته مجموعة من التناقضات بين الولايات المتحدة الفتية وبريطانيا القوية. Der Britisch-Amerikanische Krieg zwischen den Vereinigten Staaten und dem Vereinigten Königreich, auch bekannt als Krieg von 1812, Zweiter Unabhängigkeitskrieg oder Mr. Madisons Krieg, begann mit der Kriegserklärung der Vereinigten Staaten am 18. Juni 1812 und wurde durch den Frieden von Gent vom 24. Dezember 1814 beendet, auf den jedoch weitere Kämpfe folgten, die bis in das Jahr 1815 dauerten. Als Ergebnis des Krieges wurde im Wesentlichen der Status quo ante bellum wiederhergestellt. Ο Πόλεμος του 1812 έγινε μεταξύ του Ηνωμένου Βασιλείου και των Ηνωμένων Πολιτειών Αμερικής από το 1812 ως το 1814 στην ξηρά και την θάλασσα της Βόρειας Αμερικής. Περισσότερη από την μισή από την βρετανική ισχύ αποτελούνταν από Καναδούς εθελοντές επειδή οι Βρετανοί στρατιώτες πολεμούσαν τον Ναπολέοντα στην Ευρώπη. Οι Βρετανοί κατατρόπωσαν τις Αμερικανικές δυνάμεις. Στην αρχή ο πόλεμος αύξησε τα επίπεδα του εθνικισμού στον Καναδά και τις ΗΠΑ. Οι Αμερικάνοι κήρυξαν πόλεμο εναντίον της Μεγάλης Βρετανίας επειδή οι Βρετανοί καταλάμβαναν με την βία Αμερικανικά καράβια και εξανάγκαζαν τα Αμερικανικά πληρώματα να υπηρετήσουν τον βρετανικό στρατό στους ευρωπαϊκούς πολέμους. A Guerra de 1812, ou a Guerra Anglo-Americana (em inglês: War of 1812), foi a guerra entre os Estados Unidos e o Reino Unido e suas colônias, incluindo o Canadá Superior (Ontário), o Canadá Inferior (Quebec), Nova Escócia, Bermuda e a ilha da Terra Nova. A Guerra decorreu entre 18 de junho de 1812 e 17 de fevereiro de 1815, embora o seu tratado de paz tenha sido assinado em 1814. O Massacre do , Indiana, em 15 de agosto de 1812, foi a "gota d'água" que levou os americanos à guerra contra os britânicos ao que é, hoje, reconhecida nos Estados Unidos como War of 1812 ("A Guerra de 1812", em português). A guerra terminou em status quo ante bellum. A Revolução Francesa trouxe problemas para os Estados Unidos, devido às diferenças entre as facções federalistas (admiradores da Inglaterra) e os republicanos (admiradores da França revolucionária), e a acentuação da rivalidade da França com a Inglaterra, que não tolerava a independência da ex-colônia. Além disso, os britânicos ainda tinham ligações comerciais com os sulistas. Eles tentaram de todas as maneiras impedir os acordos entre franceses e nortistas, utilizando-se da força: apresamento de navios da ex-colônia, desafiando a soberania nacional e prejudicando as indústrias; recrutamento forçado de norte-americanos por ingleses; problemas com índios no oeste, instigados por britânicos no Canadá; e, para os Estados Unidos, a conquista da mesma, fato esse almejado por eles. Entre 1812 e 1814 ocorreu o conflito, durante o governo do presidente James Madison. Apesar dos desastres sofridos, o Tratado de Gante, que acabou com a guerra, não promoveu modificações no mapa dos Estados Unidos, embora tenha provocado um aumento do sentimento nacionalista da população e consolidado a União. La guerre anglo-américaine de 1812 a opposé les États-Unis au Royaume-Uni, avec ses deux colonies du Bas-Canada et du Haut-Canada, entre juin 1812 et février 1815. Cette guerre est aussi connue sous les noms de Guerre de 1812, de seconde guerre d’indépendance, ou plus rarement de guerre américano-britannique ou encore de guerre canado-américaine car il s'agit d'une invasion du Canada par les États-Unis. L’appellation « Guerre de 1812 » peut parfois conduire à une confusion, la guerre d’invasion de la Russie par Napoléon Ier, la campagne de Russie, ayant lieu la même année. Alors que l'Empire britannique devait fournir un important effort de guerre du fait de son conflit avec l'Empire français, les États-Unis lui déclarèrent la guerre le 18 juin 1812 pour envahir les territoires canadiens qui relevaient de l’Empire, qui s’étaient peuplés d’anglophones depuis une quarantaine d’années et entretenaient de nombreuses relations culturelles et commerciales avec les États-Unis. Parmi les motifs moins explicites figuraient le ressentiment et la colère causés par l’enrôlement forcé dans la Royal Navy de matelots américains que les Britanniques soupçonnaient d’être des déserteurs, l’affaiblissement des échanges commerciaux américains causé par le blocus britannique des ports continentaux d’Europe et le soutien britannique aux Amérindiens défendant leurs terres contre les spéculateurs fonciers et les premiers colons américains vers l’Ouest. Dans le sud, la violente guerre des Creeks, habilement manœuvrée par les spéculateurs et le futur président Andrew Jackson, sera le prolongement de ce conflit et donnera un prétexte pour justifier la colonisation, mais l’un de ses héros, le coureur de bois Davy Crockett se fera élire au Capitole et s’opposera aux visées expansionnistes de Jackson dans les années 1827 à 1834, au moment de l’Indian Removal Act. La guerre se déroula sur trois théâtres d’opérations : l’océan Atlantique, la région des Grands Lacs et les États du Sud. Au début de la guerre, les États-Unis tentèrent d’envahir le Canada mais furent repoussés (prise de Détroit, bataille de Queenston Heights). La Royal Navy engagea par la suite un blocus le long de la côte Est, fragilisant l'économie américaine d'une part mais permettant d'autre part l'émergence d'une industrie sur le continent. Leur domination des mers permit aux Britanniques de mener des raids côtiers et d’incendier Washington en août 1814. En revanche, les batailles navales sur les Grands Lacs tournèrent à l’avantage des États-Unis. Presque toutes les batailles font partie du roman national américain, en particulier la bataille de La Nouvelle-Orléans au cours de laquelle le général Andrew Jackson infligea aux Britanniques l’une des plus graves défaites de leur histoire, particulièrement mise en avant par les lobbys qui le soutenaient. Ironiquement, cette dernière bataille eut lieu deux semaines après la signature du traité de Gand le 24 décembre 1814, qui mettait fin au conflit et restaurait les conditions d’avant-guerre par un statu quo ante bellum. Britsko-americká válka (též válka roku 1812, druhá americká válka za nezávislost, americká válka 1812–1815 či anglo-americká válka) byla vojenským střetnutím mezi USA a Britským impériem (1812–1815). Důvodem pro ně byly spory v oblasti námořního obchodu a rozdělení území a sfér vlivu na severoamerickém kontinentu mezi Spojenými státy a Velkou Británii. Válku oficiálně vyhlásily Spojené státy americké 18. června 1812 a krátce poté zahájily obě strany aktivní bojové akce. Britská strana těžila ze své vstřícnější politiky vůči indiánům, která byla hlavním důvodem, že většina indiánů účastnících se války bojovala na její straně (včetně zbytků Tecumsehovy aliance), Američané zase z toho, že většinu britské pozornosti i zdrojů poutaly zpočátku napoleonské války.
dbp:pp
1177
gold:hypernym
dbr:Conflict
dbp:wordnet_type
n72:synset-war-noun-1
prov:wasDerivedFrom
wikipedia-en:War_of_1812?oldid=1124954809&ns=0
dbo:wikiPageLength
266930
dbo:causalties
8 frigates captured or burned Up to 15,000 deaths from all causes 1,400 merchant ships captured : 20,000 captured 4,000 slaves escaped or freed 4,505 wounded 278 privateers captured 5,200 died of disease 2,200 killed in action
dbo:combatant
**Wyandot **Ojibwe **Shawnee *Choctaw Allies: *Seneca **(from 1813) (from 1813) *Six Nations **CreekRed Sticks * **Fox **Miami **Sauk *Tecumseh's Confederacy *Cherokee *Creek **Kickapoo **Lenape **Ottawa **Potawatomi
dbo:date
1812-06-18
dbo:notes
Some militias operated only in their own regions Killed in action ‡ A locally raised coastal protection and semi-naval force on theGreat Lakes
dbo:result
Inconclusive, military draw * American victory againstTecumseh's confederacy For its aftermath, seeHistoriography of the War of 1812andResults of the War of 1812 * American victory against British forces in Florida. British forces are driven out of Florida. * American victory against British invasions of the Old Northwest, Mid-Atlantic, New England, and Southern regions * American victory against theRed Stick Creeksand theTreaty of Fort Jackson * American victory against Spain. Spain's influence is severely weakened and diminished in Florida. * British/allied victory of halting United States invasion of Canada *Treaty of Ghent
dbo:strength
Militia: 458,463 Privateers: 515 ships Frigates: 12 United States NavyandUnited States Revenue Cutter Service(at war's start) ---- United States Army: Frigates: 34 Ships of the line: none Ships: 9 48,160 (at war's end) 125Choctaw Native American allies: 10,000–15,000 British Army: Royal Navy Militia: 4,000 Provincial Marine‡ United States Rangers: 3,049 Royal Marines Ships of the line: 11 United States Marines Unknown number of other tribes and nations (at war's start): 35,800 (at war's end) 5,200 (at war's start) 7,000 (at war's start) Other vessels: 14 Other vessels: 52
dbo:commander
dbr:Charles_de_Salaberry dbr:John_Rodgers_(1772–1838) dbr:Henry_Dearborn dbr:George_Downie dbr:Paul_Hamilton_(politician) dbr:William_Hull dbr:Winfield_Scott dbr:William_Henry_Harrison dbr:Robert_Ross_(British_army_officer) dbr:James_Madison dbr:Stephen_Decatur dbr:Cecil_Bisshopp dbr:John_Macdonell dbr:Mateo_González_Manrique dbr:Robert_Jenkinson,_2nd_Earl_of_Liverpool dbr:Roundhead_(Wyandot) dbr:Black_Hawk_(Sauk_leader) dbr:Edward_Pakenham dbr:Tecumseh dbr:George_Prévost dbr:Sir_Peter_Parker,_2nd_Baronet dbr:Philip_Broke dbr:Red_Jacket dbr:Jacob_Brown dbr:Edward_Codrington dbr:Gordon_Drummond dbr:Andrew_Jackson dbr:James_Monroe dbr:Wade_Hampton_I dbr:Isaac_Brock
dbo:isPartOfMilitaryConflict
dbr:Sixty_Years'_War
dbo:territory
dbr:Status_quo_ante_bellum dbr:West_Florida
foaf:isPrimaryTopicOf
wikipedia-en:War_of_1812