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Buddhists, predominantly from India, first actively disseminated their practices in Tibet from the 6th to the 9th centuries CE. During the Era of Fragmentation (9th–10th centuries), Buddhism waned in Tibet, only to rise again in the 11th century. With the Mongol invasion of Tibet (1240 onwards) and the establishment of the Mongol Yuan dynasty (1271–1368) in China, Tibetan Buddhism spread beyond Tibet to Mongolia and China. From the 14th to the 20th centuries, Tibetan Buddhism was patronized by the Chinese Ming dynasty (1368–1644) and the Manchurian Qing dynasty (1644–1912) which ruled China.

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  • El budisme es va difondre activament per primera vegada al Tibet a partir del segle vi fins al segle IX dC, principalment des de l'Índia. Durant l' Era de la Fragmentació (segles IX-X), el budisme va disminuir al Tibet, tornant a prendre força al segle xi. Amb la invasió mongola del Tibet al segle XIII i l'establiment de la dinastia Yuan mongola, el budisme tibetà es va estendre més enllà del Tibet fins a Mongòlia i la Xina. Des del segle xiv fins al XX, el budisme tibetà va ser promogut per la dinastia Ming xinesa (1368–1644) i la dinastia Qing de Manxúria (1644–1912). L'escola Gelugpa, fundada per Je Tsongkhapa (1357–1419), va assolir protagonisme (polític) sota Ngawang Lobsang Gyatso (1617–1682), el 5è Dalai Lama, que va convidar els mongols a intervenir en la guerra civil tibetana. Els mongols el van investir del poder polític del Tibet, donant lloc al domini dels gelugpa fins al segle XX. Al segle XIX, el va oferir un contrapès contra aquest domini, intentant preservar els ensenyaments de les escoles Nyingma, Kagyu i Sakya. A principis del segle xx, el Tibet va adquirir la independència de facto de l'Imperi Qing de Manxúria, que va acabar de nou amb la invasió xinesa de 1950 i el consegüent èxode dels tibetans. Avui dia, el budisme tibetà encara està fixat a l' altiplà tibetà i les regions circumdants, alhora que també ha despertat un interès considerable en el món occidental. (ca)
  • Buddhists, predominantly from India, first actively disseminated their practices in Tibet from the 6th to the 9th centuries CE. During the Era of Fragmentation (9th–10th centuries), Buddhism waned in Tibet, only to rise again in the 11th century. With the Mongol invasion of Tibet (1240 onwards) and the establishment of the Mongol Yuan dynasty (1271–1368) in China, Tibetan Buddhism spread beyond Tibet to Mongolia and China. From the 14th to the 20th centuries, Tibetan Buddhism was patronized by the Chinese Ming dynasty (1368–1644) and the Manchurian Qing dynasty (1644–1912) which ruled China. The Gelugpa school, founded by Je Tsongkhapa (1357–1419), rose to (political) prominence under Ngawang Lobsang Gyatso (1617–1682), the 5th Dalai Lama (in office 1642–1682), who invited the Mongols to intervene in the Tibetan civil war of 1639–1642. The Mongols invested him with the political power of Tibet, leading to the dominance of the Gelugpa until the 20th century. In the 19th century the Rimé movement provided a counter-weight against this dominance, trying to preserve the teachings of the Nyingma, Kagyu and Sakya schools. In the early 20th century Tibet acquired de facto independence from the Manchurian Qing Empire. Tibetan independence ended with the Chinese invasion of 1950, which resulted in an exodus of Tibetans. In the 21st century, Tibetan Buddhism continues to have adherents on the Tibetan Plateau and in surrounding regions, while it has also attracted a considerable interest in the Western world. (en)
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  • El budisme es va difondre activament per primera vegada al Tibet a partir del segle vi fins al segle IX dC, principalment des de l'Índia. Durant l' Era de la Fragmentació (segles IX-X), el budisme va disminuir al Tibet, tornant a prendre força al segle xi. Amb la invasió mongola del Tibet al segle XIII i l'establiment de la dinastia Yuan mongola, el budisme tibetà es va estendre més enllà del Tibet fins a Mongòlia i la Xina. Des del segle xiv fins al XX, el budisme tibetà va ser promogut per la dinastia Ming xinesa (1368–1644) i la dinastia Qing de Manxúria (1644–1912). (ca)
  • Buddhists, predominantly from India, first actively disseminated their practices in Tibet from the 6th to the 9th centuries CE. During the Era of Fragmentation (9th–10th centuries), Buddhism waned in Tibet, only to rise again in the 11th century. With the Mongol invasion of Tibet (1240 onwards) and the establishment of the Mongol Yuan dynasty (1271–1368) in China, Tibetan Buddhism spread beyond Tibet to Mongolia and China. From the 14th to the 20th centuries, Tibetan Buddhism was patronized by the Chinese Ming dynasty (1368–1644) and the Manchurian Qing dynasty (1644–1912) which ruled China. (en)
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  • History of Tibetan Buddhism (en)
  • Història del budisme tibetà (ca)
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