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Subject Item
dbr:Jamaica
rdf:type
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rdfs:label
Jamaika Jamaica Jamajko Jamaica Jamaica ジャマイカ Jamaica Jamaïque Jamaika Jamajka Giamaica Jamajka Τζαμάικα 자메이카 Iamáice Jamaika Ямайка جامايكا Jamaica 牙买加 Jamaica Ямайка
rdfs:comment
Jamaica (en inglés, Jamaica [dʒəˈmeɪkə]; en criollo jamaicano, Jumieka) es uno de los trece países que forman la América Insular, Antillas o Islas del mar Caribe, uno de los treinta y cinco del continente americano. Su capital y ciudad más poblada es Kingston. Cuenta con 240 km de largo y un máximo de 80 km de ancho, situada en el mar Caribe. Está a 630 km del subcontinente centroamericano, a 150 km al sur de Cuba y a 180 km al oeste de la isla de La Española, en la cual están Haití y la República Dominicana y a unos 621 km de Puerto Rico. ( 다른 뜻에 대해서는 자메이카 (동음이의) 문서를 참고하십시오.) 자메이카(영어: Jamaica, 자메이카 크리올어: Jumieka 또한 Jomieka, 문화어: 져메이커)는 북아메리카 카리브해의 섬나라이다. 쿠바, 멕시코, 아이티와 가깝다. 牙买加（英語：Jamaica）是加勒比海地区的一个岛国，面積為10,990平方公里，也是大安地列斯群島和加勒比海第三大島。牙買加位於古巴以南約145公里，位於伊斯帕尼奧拉以西191公里。 該島原為操阿拉瓦克語系的阿拉瓦克人和泰諾族居住地，後來受到西班牙殖民統治。原住民因無法抵抗牙买加呕吐病而大量死亡，因此西班牙人從非洲大量搜捕奴隸到牙買加作為勞工。1494年哥伦布来到牙买加，1509年成为西班牙殖民地。在1655年被英国占领，在1866年成为英国直辖殖民地。1962年8月6日牙买加宣告独立，目前是英联邦范围内的英聯邦王國主權國家。 牙買加有290萬人，是美洲第三多人口的英語國家，亦為加勒比人口第四多的國家。京斯敦是該國的首都和最大的城市。牙買加人大多數是撒哈拉以南非洲族裔及其后裔，也有大量的歐亚混血兒少數民族。 Η Τζαμάικα ή αλλιώς Ιαμαϊκή (αγγλικά: Jamaica) είναι μια νησιωτική χώρα με έκταση 10.991 τ.χλμ. και πληθυσμό 2.726.667 κατοίκους, σύμφωνα με επίσημες εκτιμήσεις του 2018. Πρωτεύουσα της χώρας είναι το Κίνγκστον, με πληθυσμό 584.627 κατοίκους. Яма́йка (англ. Jamaica, ям. креол Jumieka) — острівна держава Північної Америки, що розташована на острові Ямайка та прилеглих до нього дрібних островах у Карибському морі. Площа 11,5 тис. км². Населення 2,935 млн. чол. (2001; 2,1 млн чол., 1978). Столиця — Кінгстон. Офіційна мова — англійська. Грошова одиниця — ямайський долар. Входить до складу Британської Співдружності. У адміністративному відношенні поділяється на 3 графства (Корнуолл, Мідлсекс, Саррі), поділених на 14 районів. Час різниться з київським на 6 годин. З останньої неділі березня до останньої неділі вересня час відстає від київського на 7 годин. Jamaica (eng. uttal /dʒə'meɪkə/, sv. uttal /ja'majka/) är en önation ingående i Stora Antillerna i Karibiska havet, 234 km lång och som mest 80 km i nord–sydlig riktning. Ön ligger cirka 145 km söder om Kuba och 190 km väster om Hispaniola. Jamaica har nu till övervägande delen en afro-amerikansk befolkning, ättlingar till de människor som britter och spanjorer förslavade, men före Christofer Columbus ankomst 1494 beboddes ön liksom de större grannöarna av det arawaktalande taínofolket, som invandrat från Sydamerika mellan 4000 och 1000 f.Kr. Denna ursprungsbefolkning kallade ön Xaymaca, vilket betyder "Landet av skog och vatten" eller "Landet av vattendrag". Ursprungsbefolkningen nästintill utrotades, dels genom våld, dels genom sjukdomar såsom smittkoppor, som européerna drog med sig. Ma Jamaika [jaˈmaɪ̯ka]/[dʒ-] (englisch Jamaica [ʤəˈmeɪkə]) ist ein Inselstaat in der Karibik. Die Hauptstadt Kingston ist auch die größte Stadt des Landes. Die ehemalige britische Kolonie ist Mitglied des Commonwealth of Nations. Der Name leitet sich vom arawakischen Xaymaca oder Chaymakas ab, was so viel wie „Quellenland“ oder „Holz- und Wasserland“ bedeutet. Die Musikstile Ska und Reggae entstanden auf der Insel. Ferner hat die Glaubensrichtung Rastafari ihren Ursprung auf Jamaika. Jamaica (pronunciado em inglês: [dʒəˈmeɪkə]) é um país insular situado no mar do Caribe (em português europeu, Mar das Caraíbas) que compreende a terceira maior ilha das Grandes Antilhas. A Jamaica é o quinto maior país insular do Caribe (Caraíbas) Os povos indígenas da ilha, os taínos, chamavam-na de Xaymaca em aruaque, ou seja, a "terra da madeira e da água" ou a "terra dos mananciais". La Jamaïque (en anglais : Jamaica) est un État insulaire des Caraïbes. Elle constitue un État souverain indépendant depuis 1962, membre du Commonwealth, et faisant partie des Antilles, situé au sud de Cuba et à l'Ouest de l’Île Hispaniola, territoire de la République d’Haïti et de la République dominicaine. La culture jamaïcaine a été diffusée dans le monde à travers le reggae et son plus célèbre représentant, Bob Marley. Elle rayonne également à travers ses exploits sportifs en athlétisme, avec des champions comme Usain Bolt et Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce. Jamajka (ang. Jamaica) – wyspa i państwo na Morzu Karaibskim w archipelagu Wielkich Antyli, położone na południe od Kuby i na zachód od Haiti. Яма́йка (англ. Jamaica [dʒəˈmeɪkə]; ям. креол Jumieka / Jamieka / Jomieka) — островное государство в составе Британского содружества в Вест-Индии. Расположена в Карибском море, к югу от Кубы, к западу от Гаити. 6 августа 1962 года Ямайка провозгласила независимость от Великобритании в рамках Содружества наций. Столицей и крупнейшим городом страны является Кингстон. Jamaica (en crioll jamaicà: Jumieka) és un estat insular de les Grans Antilles, de 240 km de llargada i un màxim de 80 km d'amplada. L'illa de Jamaica està situada al mar del Carib, a 150 km de Cuba i a 180 km de l'illa de la Hispaniola. És el tercer país de parla anglesa més poblat d'Amèrica, després dels Estats Units i el Canadà. Jamaika (ingelesez: Jamaica, dʒəˈmeɪkə ahoskatua) Karibe itsasoko Antilla Handietako uharte eta estatua da. Ameriketako herrialde ingeles-hiztunen artean hirugarren populatuena da (2.731.832 biztanle), Ameriketako Estatu Batuen eta Kanadaren atzetik. 240 km-ko luzeera eta 80 km-ko zabalera dauka. 630 km-ra dago Erdialdeko Amerikatik, Kubatik 150 km-ra hegoaldetik eta 180 km-ra Hispaniola uhartetik (han Haiti eta Dominikar Errepublika daude). Hiriburua Kingston da. Tír agus oileán í Comhlathas Iamáice, nó Iamáice de ghnáth. Rugadh cúpla daoine cáiliúla ann, mar shampla Bob Marley agus Usain Bolt. Jamajko estas insula lando en Kariba Maro, sude de Kubo, eksa brita kolonio, membro de Komunumo de Nacioj. De okcidento al oriento la lando longas ĉirkaŭ 225 km, de nordo al sudo — de 35 ĝis 82 km. Longeco de marbordo estas 1022 km. La tuta areo: 10.991 km2. Ĝi distas 630 km el la kontinento, pli precize el Centrameriko, 150 km el sudo de Kubo kaj 180 km okcidente de la insulo de Hispaniolo, kie estas Haitio kaj Domingo. Jamaika adalah salah satu negara penghasil bauksit terbesar di dunia. Dalam urutan dunia lainnya negara ini masih tergolong pada kelas menengah ke bawah. Jamaika berada pada urutan pulau terbesar setelah Kuba dan Hispaniola di Laut Karibia, Amerika Tengah. Negara-negara tetangganya ialah Kuba terletak di utara, Haiti, Republik Dominika, yang terletak di sebelah timur laut, sedangkan Honduras, Nikaragua, Kosta Rika terletak di barat daya, dan Panama terletak di selatan. Luas wilayahnya kurang lebih sebesar Pulau Bangka. Jamaica (/dʒəˈmeɪkə/; Jamaican Patois: Jumieka) is an island country situated in the Caribbean Sea. Spanning 10,990 square kilometres (4,240 sq mi) in area, it is the third-largest island of the Greater Antilles and the Caribbean (after Cuba and Hispaniola). Jamaica lies about 145 kilometres (90 mi) south of Cuba, and 191 kilometres (119 mi) west of Hispaniola (the island containing the countries of Haiti and the Dominican Republic); the British Overseas Territory of the Cayman Islands lies some 215 kilometres (134 mi) to the north-west. جامايكا دولة جزرية، وهي جزء من جزر الأنتيل الكبرى، وتصل مساحتها إلى 11,100 كم2. حيث تقع في البحر الكاريبي، إلى الجنوب تقريبا من كوبا، وغرب هايتي، وجزيرة هيسبانيولا، التي تقع عليها الجمهورية الدومينيكية. وقد أطلق أهل الجزيرة الأصليين الناطقين بلغة أراواكان والتاينو اسم Xaymaca على الجزيرة، والتي تعني «أرض الخشب والماء»، أو «أرض الينابيع»، وقد كانت سابقا في حيازة أسبانية، ثم تحولت بعد ذلك إلى مستعمرة التاج البريطاني «جامايكا». ويسكن جامايكا 2.8 مليون نسمة، حيث تعد البلد الثالث من حيث عدد السكان الناطقين بالإنكليزية في أمريكا الشمالية، بعد الولايات المتحدة وكندا. وهي تظل دولة من دول الكومنولث تحت رئاسة الملك تشارلز الثالث. وعاصمتها كينغستون. ジャマイカ（英語: Jamaica 英語発音: [dʒəˈmeɪkə]）は、カリブ海地域に位置する立憲君主制国家である。首都はキングストン。 Jamajka je stát, který se nachází na stejnojmenném ostrově ve Velkých Antilách v Karibském moři. Jedná se o největší anglicky mluvící ostrov v Karibiku a třetí největší v regionu. Het eiland Jamaica (Jamaicaans Patois: Jumieka) is een land in het Caribisch gebied dat lid is van het Gemenebest van Naties met koning Charles III als staatshoofd. Het is een voormalige Britse kolonie, was in de 17e eeuw een tijd een vrijhaven voor piraten en werd later een belangrijke suikerproducent waarbij de economie afhankelijk was van slavernij. Het eiland, dat door de Jamaicanen ook wel The Rock wordt genoemd, is de geboorteplaats van de Rastafaribeweging en de Reggaemuziek. Het ligt ten zuiden van Cuba en ten westen van het eiland Hispaniola. La Giamaica (in inglese: Jamaica) è uno Stato insulare delle Grandi Antille, lungo 240 km e largo 80 km, situato nel mar dei Caraibi. Si trova a 630 km dal continente centroamericano, a 150 km da Cuba a nord e a 190 km dall'isola di Hispaniola, sulla quale si trovano Haiti e la Repubblica Dominicana, a nord-est. Il Sovrano della Giamaica coincide con quello del Regno Unito di Gran Bretagna e Irlanda del Nord: attualmente il Re della Giamaica è Carlo III.
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from the United Kingdom
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Jamaica
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May Pen Montego Bay Ocho Rios Portmore, JamaicaPortmore Savanna-la-Mar Mandeville, JamaicaMandeville Spanish Town Linstead Old Harbour, JamaicaOld Harbour Kingston, JamaicaKingston
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Jamaica
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Q766
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2013-12-13 2019-08-18 2011-04-29
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1962-08-06
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International membership Articles relating to Jamaica
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Jamaica
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Saint Catherine ParishSaint Catherine Clarendon Parish, JamaicaClarendon Saint Ann ParishSaint Ann Westmoreland ParishWestmoreland Kingston ParishKingston Manchester ParishManchester Saint James Parish, JamaicaSaint James
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Parishes of JamaicaParish
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PortofKingston.jpg Montego bay-1001.jpg
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110115 28912 147152 16671 661862 61548 49695 22633 15231 182153
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Demographic Statistics 2016, pp. 15–16
dbo:abstract
Jamaika adalah salah satu negara penghasil bauksit terbesar di dunia. Dalam urutan dunia lainnya negara ini masih tergolong pada kelas menengah ke bawah. Jamaika berada pada urutan pulau terbesar setelah Kuba dan Hispaniola di Laut Karibia, Amerika Tengah. Negara-negara tetangganya ialah Kuba terletak di utara, Haiti, Republik Dominika, yang terletak di sebelah timur laut, sedangkan Honduras, Nikaragua, Kosta Rika terletak di barat daya, dan Panama terletak di selatan. Luas wilayahnya kurang lebih sebesar Pulau Bangka. 牙买加（英語：Jamaica）是加勒比海地区的一个岛国，面積為10,990平方公里，也是大安地列斯群島和加勒比海第三大島。牙買加位於古巴以南約145公里，位於伊斯帕尼奧拉以西191公里。 該島原為操阿拉瓦克語系的阿拉瓦克人和泰諾族居住地，後來受到西班牙殖民統治。原住民因無法抵抗牙买加呕吐病而大量死亡，因此西班牙人從非洲大量搜捕奴隸到牙買加作為勞工。1494年哥伦布来到牙买加，1509年成为西班牙殖民地。在1655年被英国占领，在1866年成为英国直辖殖民地。1962年8月6日牙买加宣告独立，目前是英联邦范围内的英聯邦王國主權國家。 牙買加有290萬人，是美洲第三多人口的英語國家，亦為加勒比人口第四多的國家。京斯敦是該國的首都和最大的城市。牙買加人大多數是撒哈拉以南非洲族裔及其后裔，也有大量的歐亚混血兒少數民族。 La Jamaïque (en anglais : Jamaica) est un État insulaire des Caraïbes. Elle constitue un État souverain indépendant depuis 1962, membre du Commonwealth, et faisant partie des Antilles, situé au sud de Cuba et à l'Ouest de l’Île Hispaniola, territoire de la République d’Haïti et de la République dominicaine. Initialement peuplée par les indigènes Arawaks et les Taïnos, l'île passe sous contrôle espagnol à la suite de l'arrivée de Christophe Colomb en 1494. De nombreux indigènes meurent alors de maladies et les Espagnols y transfèrent des esclaves africains. Nommée « Santiago », l'île demeure une possession espagnole jusqu'en 1655, lorsque l'Angleterre la conquiert et la rebaptise « Jamaica ». Sous le joug colonial britannique elle devient l'un des principaux exportateurs de sucre au monde grâce à son économie de plantation reposant sur l'esclavage. Les Britanniques émancipent les esclaves en 1838, et nombre d'entre eux préfèrent alors l'agriculture vivrière aux plantations. À partir des années 1840, les Britanniques ont recours à des Chinois et des Indiens pour travailler dans les plantations. L'île obtient son indépendance du Royaume-Uni le 6 août 1962. La culture jamaïcaine a été diffusée dans le monde à travers le reggae et son plus célèbre représentant, Bob Marley. Elle rayonne également à travers ses exploits sportifs en athlétisme, avec des champions comme Usain Bolt et Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce. ( 다른 뜻에 대해서는 자메이카 (동음이의) 문서를 참고하십시오.) 자메이카(영어: Jamaica, 자메이카 크리올어: Jumieka 또한 Jomieka, 문화어: 져메이커)는 북아메리카 카리브해의 섬나라이다. 쿠바, 멕시코, 아이티와 가깝다. Jamaica (pronunciado em inglês: [dʒəˈmeɪkə]) é um país insular situado no mar do Caribe (em português europeu, Mar das Caraíbas) que compreende a terceira maior ilha das Grandes Antilhas. A Jamaica é o quinto maior país insular do Caribe (Caraíbas) Os povos indígenas da ilha, os taínos, chamavam-na de Xaymaca em aruaque, ou seja, a "terra da madeira e da água" ou a "terra dos mananciais". Depois de tornar uma possessão espanhola conhecida como Santiago, em 1655 a ilha passa ao domínio britânico e é nomeada como "Jamaica". O país conseguiu sua completa independência do Reino Unido apenas em 6 de agosto de 1962. Com 2,8 milhões de pessoas, é o terceiro país anglófono mais populoso na América, depois dos Estados Unidos e do Canadá. Kingston é a maior cidade e a capital do país, com uma população que ronda um milhão de habitantes. A Jamaica tem uma grande diáspora em todo o mundo, devido à emigração do país. Sendo um país de renda média alta, com uma economia fortemente dependente do turismo, a Jamaica possui uma média de 4,3 milhões de turistas por ano. O país tem um desempenho favorável nas medidas de liberdade de imprensa e governança democrática, tendo ocupado a primeira posição no Relatório Mundial da Felicidade entre os países do Caribe em 2021. A Jamaica é um reino da Commonwealth, com o rei Carlos III como seu monarca e chefe de Estado. Seu representante designado no país é o governador-geral da Jamaica, atualmente Patrick Allen. O chefe de governo e primeiro-ministro da Jamaica é Andrew Holness. A Jamaica é uma monarquia constitucional parlamentar com o poder legislativo investido no parlamento bicameral nacional, que consiste de um senado e uma câmara composta por representantes eleitos pela população. Jamaica (/dʒəˈmeɪkə/; Jamaican Patois: Jumieka) is an island country situated in the Caribbean Sea. Spanning 10,990 square kilometres (4,240 sq mi) in area, it is the third-largest island of the Greater Antilles and the Caribbean (after Cuba and Hispaniola). Jamaica lies about 145 kilometres (90 mi) south of Cuba, and 191 kilometres (119 mi) west of Hispaniola (the island containing the countries of Haiti and the Dominican Republic); the British Overseas Territory of the Cayman Islands lies some 215 kilometres (134 mi) to the north-west. Originally inhabited by the indigenous Taíno peoples, the island came under Spanish rule following the arrival of Christopher Columbus in 1494. Many of the indigenous people either were killed or died of diseases, after which the Spanish brought large numbers of African slaves to Jamaica as labourers. Named Santiago by the Spanish, the island remained a possession of Spain until 1655, when England (later Great Britain) conquered it, renaming it Jamaica. Under British colonial rule Jamaica became a leading sugar exporter, with a plantation economy dependent on the African slaves and later their descendants. The British fully emancipated all slaves in 1838, and many freedmen chose to have subsistence farms rather than to work on plantations. Beginning in the 1840s, the British began using Chinese and Indian indentured labour to work on plantations. The island achieved independence from the United Kingdom on 6 August 1962. With 2.8 million people, Jamaica is the third-most populous Anglophone country in the Americas (after the United States and Canada), and the fourth-most populous country in the Caribbean. Kingston is the country's capital and largest city. The majority of Jamaicans are of Sub-Saharan African ancestry, with significant European, East Asian (primarily Chinese), Indian, Lebanese, and mixed-race minorities. Due to a high rate of emigration for work since the 1960s, there is a large Jamaican diaspora, particularly in Canada, the United Kingdom, and the United States. The country has a global influence that belies its small size; it was the birthplace of the Rastafari religion, reggae music (and associated genres such as dub, ska and dancehall), and it is internationally prominent in sports, most notably cricket, sprinting and athletics. Jamaica is often considered the world's least populous cultural superpower. Jamaica is an upper-middle income country with an economy heavily dependent on tourism; it has an average of 4.3 million tourists a year. Jamaica performs favourably in measurements of press freedom and democratic governance. It ranked first in the Caribbean on the World Happiness Report for 2021. However, it ranks poorly for civil rights of LGBT persons, ranking last in the Western Hemisphere. Politically it is a Commonwealth realm, with King Charles III as King of Jamaica. His appointed representative in the country is the Governor-General of Jamaica, an office held by Patrick Allen since 2009. Andrew Holness has served as Prime Minister of Jamaica since March 2016. Jamaica is a parliamentary constitutional monarchy with legislative power vested in the bicameral Parliament of Jamaica, consisting of an appointed Senate and a directly elected House of Representatives. Het eiland Jamaica (Jamaicaans Patois: Jumieka) is een land in het Caribisch gebied dat lid is van het Gemenebest van Naties met koning Charles III als staatshoofd. Het is een voormalige Britse kolonie, was in de 17e eeuw een tijd een vrijhaven voor piraten en werd later een belangrijke suikerproducent waarbij de economie afhankelijk was van slavernij. Het eiland, dat door de Jamaicanen ook wel The Rock wordt genoemd, is de geboorteplaats van de Rastafaribeweging en de Reggaemuziek. Het ligt ten zuiden van Cuba en ten westen van het eiland Hispaniola. Jamaika [jaˈmaɪ̯ka]/[dʒ-] (englisch Jamaica [ʤəˈmeɪkə]) ist ein Inselstaat in der Karibik. Die Hauptstadt Kingston ist auch die größte Stadt des Landes. Die ehemalige britische Kolonie ist Mitglied des Commonwealth of Nations. Der Name leitet sich vom arawakischen Xaymaca oder Chaymakas ab, was so viel wie „Quellenland“ oder „Holz- und Wasserland“ bedeutet. Die Musikstile Ska und Reggae entstanden auf der Insel. Ferner hat die Glaubensrichtung Rastafari ihren Ursprung auf Jamaika. جامايكا دولة جزرية، وهي جزء من جزر الأنتيل الكبرى، وتصل مساحتها إلى 11,100 كم2. حيث تقع في البحر الكاريبي، إلى الجنوب تقريبا من كوبا، وغرب هايتي، وجزيرة هيسبانيولا، التي تقع عليها الجمهورية الدومينيكية. وقد أطلق أهل الجزيرة الأصليين الناطقين بلغة أراواكان والتاينو اسم Xaymaca على الجزيرة، والتي تعني «أرض الخشب والماء»، أو «أرض الينابيع»، وقد كانت سابقا في حيازة أسبانية، ثم تحولت بعد ذلك إلى مستعمرة التاج البريطاني «جامايكا». ويسكن جامايكا 2.8 مليون نسمة، حيث تعد البلد الثالث من حيث عدد السكان الناطقين بالإنكليزية في أمريكا الشمالية، بعد الولايات المتحدة وكندا. وهي تظل دولة من دول الكومنولث تحت رئاسة الملك تشارلز الثالث. وعاصمتها كينغستون. Jamajka (ang. Jamaica) – wyspa i państwo na Morzu Karaibskim w archipelagu Wielkich Antyli, położone na południe od Kuby i na zachód od Haiti. Η Τζαμάικα ή αλλιώς Ιαμαϊκή (αγγλικά: Jamaica) είναι μια νησιωτική χώρα με έκταση 10.991 τ.χλμ. και πληθυσμό 2.726.667 κατοίκους, σύμφωνα με επίσημες εκτιμήσεις του 2018. Πρωτεύουσα της χώρας είναι το Κίνγκστον, με πληθυσμό 584.627 κατοίκους. Η Τζαμάικα είναι η τρίτη σε έκταση νήσος των λεγομένων Μεγάλων Αντιλλών στην Καραϊβική θάλασσα και βρίσκεται περίπου 145 χλμ. (90 ναυτικά μίλια) νότια από την Κούβα και 191 χλμ. (119 μίλια) δυτικά της νήσου Ισπανιόλας, η οποία χωρίζεται σε δύο κράτη την Αϊτή και τη Δομινικανή Δημοκρατία. Οι ιθαγενείς της την αποκαλούν «Σαϋμάκα» (= νήσος με άφθονα νερά) εξ ου και το κατά παραφθορά διεθνές της όνομα Τζαμάικα. Η Τζαμάικα κατοικούνταν από τους αυτόχθονες πληθυσμούς των Αραουάκων και των , και τέθηκε υπό ισπανική κυριαρχία μετά την άφιξη του Χριστόφορου Κολόμβου το 1494. Πολλοί από τους αυτόχθονες πέθαναν από νόσους που έφεραν οι Ευρωπαίοι, και έτσι οι Ισπανοί μετέφεραν Αφρικανούς σκλάβους ως εργάτες. Οι Ισπανοί ονόμασαν τη νήσο, Σαντιάγκο, και παρέμεινε στην κατοχή της Ισπανίας μέχρι το 1655, όταν η Αγγλία (αργότερα Μεγάλη Βρετανία) κατέκτησε το νησί και το μετονόμασε σε Τζαμάικα. Υπό τη Βρετανική αποικιακή αυτοκρατορία, η Τζαμάικα έγινε ο μεγαλύτερος εξαγωγέας ζάχαρης, με τις φυτείες ζάχαρης να εξαρτώνται από τους σκλάβους που εισάγονταν από την Αφρική. Όλοι οι δούλοι απελευθερώθηκαν το 1838 και πολλοί απελεύθεροι επέλεξαν να έχουν μικρά αγροκτήματα αντί να εργάζονται στις φυτείες. Από το 1840, οι Βρετανοί άρχισαν να φέρνουν Κινέζους και Ινδούς εργάτες για να εργαστούν στις φυτείες. Το νησί απέκτησε την ανεξαρτησία του από το Ηνωμένο Βασίλειο στις 6 Αυγούστου του 1962. Με 2,7 εκατομμύρια ανθρώπους, η Τζαμάικα είναι η τρίτη πιο πολυπληθής αγγλόφωνη χώρα στην Αμερική (μετά τις Ηνωμένες Πολιτείες και τον Καναδά), και η τέταρτη πολυπληθέστερη χώρα στην Καραϊβική. Οι Τζαμαϊκανοί είναι κυρίως αφρικανικής καταγωγής. Λόγω του υψηλού ποσοστού μετανάστευσης για εργασία από το 1960, η Τζαμάικα έχει μια μεγάλη διασπορά σε όλο τον κόσμο, ιδιαίτερα στον Καναδά, το Ηνωμένο Βασίλειο και τις Ηνωμένες Πολιτείες. Jamaica (eng. uttal /dʒə'meɪkə/, sv. uttal /ja'majka/) är en önation ingående i Stora Antillerna i Karibiska havet, 234 km lång och som mest 80 km i nord–sydlig riktning. Ön ligger cirka 145 km söder om Kuba och 190 km väster om Hispaniola. Jamaica har nu till övervägande delen en afro-amerikansk befolkning, ättlingar till de människor som britter och spanjorer förslavade, men före Christofer Columbus ankomst 1494 beboddes ön liksom de större grannöarna av det arawaktalande taínofolket, som invandrat från Sydamerika mellan 4000 och 1000 f.Kr. Denna ursprungsbefolkning kallade ön Xaymaca, vilket betyder "Landet av skog och vatten" eller "Landet av vattendrag". Ursprungsbefolkningen nästintill utrotades, dels genom våld, dels genom sjukdomar såsom smittkoppor, som européerna drog med sig. Man saknade immunitet för sjukdomen då man tidigare ej hade blivit exponerad för den. Arkeologiska fynd visar att delar av taínofolkets kultur överlevt. Spanjorerna kontrollerade aldrig hela ön på grund av ständiga attacker från britter och pirater i en ohelig allians. Jamaica, då kallat "Santiago", var en spansk besittning formellt fram till 1655 då det sista spanska fortet erövrades av engelsmännen. Jamaica blev senare "Brittiska kronkolonin Jamaica". Landet blev en suverän stat 1962. Politiskt sett är Jamaica ett samväldesrike och erkänner därför Charles III som sin kung. Яма́йка (англ. Jamaica [dʒəˈmeɪkə]; ям. креол Jumieka / Jamieka / Jomieka) — островное государство в составе Британского содружества в Вест-Индии. Расположена в Карибском море, к югу от Кубы, к западу от Гаити. 6 августа 1962 года Ямайка провозгласила независимость от Великобритании в рамках Содружества наций. Столицей и крупнейшим городом страны является Кингстон. ジャマイカ（英語: Jamaica 英語発音: [dʒəˈmeɪkə]）は、カリブ海地域に位置する立憲君主制国家である。首都はキングストン。 Tír agus oileán í Comhlathas Iamáice, nó Iamáice de ghnáth. Rugadh cúpla daoine cáiliúla ann, mar shampla Bob Marley agus Usain Bolt. Jamaika (ingelesez: Jamaica, dʒəˈmeɪkə ahoskatua) Karibe itsasoko Antilla Handietako uharte eta estatua da. Ameriketako herrialde ingeles-hiztunen artean hirugarren populatuena da (2.731.832 biztanle), Ameriketako Estatu Batuen eta Kanadaren atzetik. 240 km-ko luzeera eta 80 km-ko zabalera dauka. 630 km-ra dago Erdialdeko Amerikatik, Kubatik 150 km-ra hegoaldetik eta 180 km-ra Hispaniola uhartetik (han Haiti eta Dominikar Errepublika daude). Hiriburua Kingston da. Яма́йка (англ. Jamaica, ям. креол Jumieka) — острівна держава Північної Америки, що розташована на острові Ямайка та прилеглих до нього дрібних островах у Карибському морі. Площа 11,5 тис. км². Населення 2,935 млн. чол. (2001; 2,1 млн чол., 1978). Столиця — Кінгстон. Офіційна мова — англійська. Грошова одиниця — ямайський долар. Входить до складу Британської Співдружності. У адміністративному відношенні поділяється на 3 графства (Корнуолл, Мідлсекс, Саррі), поділених на 14 районів. Час різниться з київським на 6 годин. З останньої неділі березня до останньої неділі вересня час відстає від київського на 7 годин. Jamaica (en inglés, Jamaica [dʒəˈmeɪkə]; en criollo jamaicano, Jumieka) es uno de los trece países que forman la América Insular, Antillas o Islas del mar Caribe, uno de los treinta y cinco del continente americano. Su capital y ciudad más poblada es Kingston. Cuenta con 240 km de largo y un máximo de 80 km de ancho, situada en el mar Caribe. Está a 630 km del subcontinente centroamericano, a 150 km al sur de Cuba y a 180 km al oeste de la isla de La Española, en la cual están Haití y la República Dominicana y a unos 621 km de Puerto Rico. Fue una posesión española conocida como "Santiago" entre 1494 y 1655, cuando fue invadida por tropas inglesas. Luego se convirtió en una posesión inglesa y más tarde en una colonia británica, conocida como "Jamaica". La isla logró su independencia el 6 de agosto de 1962. Con 2,9 millones de personas, es el tercer país de habla inglesa más poblado de América, después de Estados Unidos y Canadá. Forma parte de la Mancomunidad de Naciones (del inglés: Commonwealth of Nations); en concordancia con el sistema de monarquía constitucional. El poder ejecutivo lo ostenta el rey Carlos III del Reino Unido, quien, a su vez, está constituido como el actual jefe de Estado y rey de Jamaica. Los idiomas oficiales son el inglés y el patois jamaicano. En 2018, se reforzó la enseñanza del idioma español como primera lengua extranjera a nivel escolar.​ La Giamaica (in inglese: Jamaica) è uno Stato insulare delle Grandi Antille, lungo 240 km e largo 80 km, situato nel mar dei Caraibi. Si trova a 630 km dal continente centroamericano, a 150 km da Cuba a nord e a 190 km dall'isola di Hispaniola, sulla quale si trovano Haiti e la Repubblica Dominicana, a nord-est. Il Sovrano della Giamaica coincide con quello del Regno Unito di Gran Bretagna e Irlanda del Nord: attualmente il Re della Giamaica è Carlo III. Gli indigeni Taino di lingua arawak chiamarono l'isola Xaymaca, che vuol dire terra delle sorgenti o terra del legno e dell'acqua. La Giamaica, già possedimento spagnolo noto con il nome di Santiago, è poi diventata possedimento dell'Impero britannico nelle Indie Occidentali di Giamaica. La popolazione del Paese è composta principalmente da discendenti di popolazioni provenienti dall'area sub-sahariana fatte schiave dai britannici. È il terzo Paese anglofono più popoloso delle Americhe, dopo gli Stati Uniti d'America e il Canada. Jamajka je stát, který se nachází na stejnojmenném ostrově ve Velkých Antilách v Karibském moři. Jedná se o největší anglicky mluvící ostrov v Karibiku a třetí největší v regionu. Jamajko estas insula lando en Kariba Maro, sude de Kubo, eksa brita kolonio, membro de Komunumo de Nacioj. De okcidento al oriento la lando longas ĉirkaŭ 225 km, de nordo al sudo — de 35 ĝis 82 km. Longeco de marbordo estas 1022 km. La tuta areo: 10.991 km2. Ĝi distas 630 km el la kontinento, pli precize el Centrameriko, 150 km el sudo de Kubo kaj 180 km okcidente de la insulo de Hispaniolo, kie estas Haitio kaj Domingo. Jamaica (en crioll jamaicà: Jumieka) és un estat insular de les Grans Antilles, de 240 km de llargada i un màxim de 80 km d'amplada. L'illa de Jamaica està situada al mar del Carib, a 150 km de Cuba i a 180 km de l'illa de la Hispaniola. És el tercer país de parla anglesa més poblat d'Amèrica, després dels Estats Units i el Canadà. El nom de Jamaica prové d'una conjunció del terme que utilitzaven els aborígens, Xaymaca: illa de les fonts o terra dels boscs i aigües. Més tard, sota domini espanyol, s'anomenà Santiago, i després passà a ser colònia de l'imperi Britànic amb el nom de British West Indies Crown colony of Jamaica.
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