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- Roman Republican currency refers to the coinage struck by the various magistrates of the Roman Republic, to be used as legal tender. In modern times, the abbreviation RRC, "Roman Republican Coinage" originally the name of a reference work on the topic by Michael H. Crawford, has come to be used as an identifying tag for coins assigned a number in that work, such as RRC 367. Coins came late to the Republic compared with the rest of the Mediterranean, especially Greece and Asia Minor where coins were invented in the 7th century BC. The currency of central Italy was influenced by its natural resources, with bronze being abundant (the Etruscans were famous metal workers in bronze and iron) and silver ore being scarce. The coinage of the Roman Republic started with a few silver coins apparently devised for trade with the Greek colonies in Southern Italy, and heavy cast bronze pieces for use in Central Italy. During the Second Punic war a flexible system of coins in bronze, silver and (occasionally) gold was created. This system was dominated by the silver denarius, a denomination which remained in circulation for 450 years. The coins of the republic (especially the denarii) are of particular interest because they were produced by "mint magistrates", junior officials who chose the designs and legends. This resulted in the production of coins advertising the officials' families for political purposes; most of the messages on these coins can still be understood today. (en)
- La monetazione arrivò tardi a Roma, in confronto al resto del Mar Mediterraneo, come Grecia e Asia Minore che avevano introdotto le monete nel VII secolo a.C. La valuta dell'Italia centrale era determinata dalle sue risorse naturali, costituite prevalentemente da minerale di bronzo e scarso minerale d'argento. La monetazione della Repubblica Romana iniziò quindi con pesanti pezzi di bronzo fuso, ma in qualche caso fu usato anche l'argento. Durante la seconda guerra punica fu introdotto il denario, una moneta che sarebbe diventata la colonna dorsale dell'economia Romana per 450 anni. (it)
- Монетная система Римской республики — период в истории денежной системы Древнего Рима, характеризовавшийся господством в денежном обращении:
* слитков практически необработанной бронзы (Aes rude) и слитков бронзы с нанесёнными изображениями (Aes signatum) — примерно до 312 года до н. э.;
* литых бронзовых монет (Aes Grave) — с 312 по 268 год до н. э.;
* полновесных бронзовых и серебряных монет — с 268 по 89 год до н. э. Здесь и далее периодизация денежной системы Римской республики приводится по Мэттингли. (ru)
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- O: Bearded head of Mars with Corinthian helmet left. (en)
- Head Brutus Right. BRVT IMP, L.PLAET.CEST (en)
- O: ANT AVG III VIR R P C, galley right. (en)
- O: Diademed head Hercules right, club on shoulder. (en)
- O: Head Caesar right, CAESAR. IM P M (en)
- O: Head Lucius Junius Brutus right, BRVTVS. (en)
- O: Head Roma Right. IIS (en)
- Obverse, RRC 224/1, 141 BC. (en)
- O: Bearded head of Janus, I horizontally below; on a raised disk. (en)
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- R: Horse head right, grain ear behind. (en)
- R: Caped Dioscuri riding right with couched lances, stars above. (en)
- Obverse, RRC 243/1, 134 BC. (en)
- R: Prow of galley right; I above; all on a raised disk. (en)
- R: Head Gaius Servilius Ahala right, AHALA. (en)
- R: LEG III, aquila and two legionary standards. (en)
- R: Wolf suckling twins, ROMANO in. ex. (en)
- Two daggers flanking pileus. EID.MAR (en)
- R: Venus standing holding Victory in right hand and sceptre in left. L. AEMILIVS BVC. (en)
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- Anonymous Æ Aes Grave As . c 225-217 BC. RRC 35/1; Vecchi 75 (en)
- Sestertius, Anonymous, Rome, 211 BC. RRC 44/7 (en)
- The first Roman silver coin, 281 BC. RRC 13/1 (en)
- The first Roman silver coin minted at Rome, 269 BC. RRC 20/1 (en)
- Two denarius obverses showing alternate indications they were worth 16 asses. (en)
- Modern forgery of denarius of L. Plaetorius Cestianus celebrating Brutus and his action on the Ides of March. 43–42 BC. RRC 508/3 (en)
- Denarius of Marcus Junius Brutus celebrating his ancestors, 54 BC. RRC 433/2 (en)
- Legionary denarius of Mark Anthony, 32 BC. RRC 544/15 (en)
- Denarius minted in the name of Caesar by L. Aemilius Buca 44 BC. RRC 480/4 (en)
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- File:Crawford 13-1 Obverse.jpg (en)
- File:Cr_20-1_Obverse.jpg (en)
- File:Crawford_224-1-Obverse.jpg (en)
- File:EidMarForgeryObverse.jpg (en)
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- File:Crawford 13-1 Reverse.jpg (en)
- File:Cr_20-1-Reverse.jpg (en)
- File:Crawford_243-1-Obverse.jpg (en)
- File:EidMarForgeryReverse.jpg (en)
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- La monetazione arrivò tardi a Roma, in confronto al resto del Mar Mediterraneo, come Grecia e Asia Minore che avevano introdotto le monete nel VII secolo a.C. La valuta dell'Italia centrale era determinata dalle sue risorse naturali, costituite prevalentemente da minerale di bronzo e scarso minerale d'argento. La monetazione della Repubblica Romana iniziò quindi con pesanti pezzi di bronzo fuso, ma in qualche caso fu usato anche l'argento. Durante la seconda guerra punica fu introdotto il denario, una moneta che sarebbe diventata la colonna dorsale dell'economia Romana per 450 anni. (it)
- Монетная система Римской республики — период в истории денежной системы Древнего Рима, характеризовавшийся господством в денежном обращении:
* слитков практически необработанной бронзы (Aes rude) и слитков бронзы с нанесёнными изображениями (Aes signatum) — примерно до 312 года до н. э.;
* литых бронзовых монет (Aes Grave) — с 312 по 268 год до н. э.;
* полновесных бронзовых и серебряных монет — с 268 по 89 год до н. э. Здесь и далее периодизация денежной системы Римской республики приводится по Мэттингли. (ru)
- Roman Republican currency refers to the coinage struck by the various magistrates of the Roman Republic, to be used as legal tender. In modern times, the abbreviation RRC, "Roman Republican Coinage" originally the name of a reference work on the topic by Michael H. Crawford, has come to be used as an identifying tag for coins assigned a number in that work, such as RRC 367. (en)
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- Ρωμαϊκά νομίσματα της Δημοκρατίας (el)
- Monetazione romana repubblicana (it)
- Roman Republican currency (en)
- Монетная система Римской республики (ru)
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