| dbo:abstract
|
- Die Wangara (andere Schreibweise Wankara und Vankara) waren die wichtigste Händlergruppe des westafrikanischen Mittelalters. Sie stammten aus dem Mande-Gebiet. Ihre wichtigste Stadt war an einem Nebenfluss des Niger zwischen Djenné und Timbuktu. (de)
- Wangara (juga disebut Wakore) adalah klan Soninke yang berspesialisasi dalam perdagangan, kesarjanaan Islam dan peraturan (sebagai pengacara dan cadis), yang bermigrasi dari kota Awkar ke provinsi Mema, Beledugu, Zaga, Bendugu, dan Massina Kekaisaran Mali. (in)
- The Wangara (also known as Wakore, Wankori, Ouankri, Wangarawa, Dyula, Jula, Jakhanke, Jalonke) are a subgroup of the Soninke who later became assimilated (at varying degrees) merchant classes that specialized in both Trans Saharan and Secret Trade of Gold Dust. Their diaspora operated all throughout West Africa Sahel-Sudan. Fostering regionally organized trade networks and Architecture projects. But based in the many Sahelian and Niger-Volta-Sene-Gambia river city-states. Particularly Dia, Timbuktu, Agadez, Kano, Gao, Koumbi Saleh, Guidimaka, Salaga, Kong, Bussa, Bissa, Kankan, Jallon, Djenné as well as Bambouk, Bure, Lobi, and (to a lesser degree) Bono State goldfields and Borgu. They also were practicing Muslims with a clerical social class (Karamogo), Timbuktu Alumni political advisors, Sufi Mystic healers and individual leaders (Marabout). Living by a philosophy of merchantile pacifism called the Suwarian Tradition. Teaching peaceful coexistence with non-Muslims, reserving Jihad for self-defence only and even serving as Soothsayers or a "priesthood" of literate messengers for non-Muslim Chiefdoms/Kingdoms. This gave them a degree of control and immense wealth in lands where they were the minority. Creating contacts with almost all West African religious denominations. A group of Mande traders, loosely associated with the Kingdoms of the Sahel region and other West African Empires. Such as Ghana, Mali, Songhai, Yorubaland, Bono State, Kong, Borgu, Dendi, Macina, Hausa Kingdoms & the Pashalik of Timbuktu. Wangara also describes any land south of Timbuktu and Agadez. The Bilad-Al-Sudan or Bilad-Al-Tibr, "Land of Black" or "Gold." (en)
- ワンガラ族（Wangara）は、かつて西アフリカ内陸部のトンブクトゥ近辺において金の交易をおこなっていた商業集団。ワンカーラ、ワンガラワ、ウンガロスなどとも呼ばれた。11世紀以降、ガーナ王国の南に拠点を持ち、集団生活を営んだ。集団は血族のみで成り立っていたと考えられており、各国の政治組織の興亡を超えて長期にわたってアフリカ大陸の重要な経済的基盤のひとつとなった。ニジェール川やセネガル川上流で採取した金を沈黙交易によってマリ帝国やニジェール川周辺諸国で算出される岩塩などと交換した。地理学者のマスウーディーは、金にまつわる沈黙交易について記している。 (ja)
- Uangaras (Wangaras), também conhecidos como uacorês (Wakorés) foram clãs soninquês especializados em comércio, estudos islâmicos e direito (como advogado e cádi). Particularmente ativos no comércio do ouro , eles eram um grupo de comerciantes mandé, livremente associados aos impérios do Oeste Africano medieval de Gana, Mali e Songai. (pt)
- Вангара (вакоре, уангарабе) — субэтническая группа народа сонинке, традиционно вовлеченная в транссахарскую торговлю и распространение ислама в Западном и Центральном Судане. В Средние века вангара превратились в конфедерацию торговцев, контролировавших торговые пути и завладевших монополией в торговле золотом в областях, к югу от Сахары. (ru)
|
| rdfs:comment
|
- Die Wangara (andere Schreibweise Wankara und Vankara) waren die wichtigste Händlergruppe des westafrikanischen Mittelalters. Sie stammten aus dem Mande-Gebiet. Ihre wichtigste Stadt war an einem Nebenfluss des Niger zwischen Djenné und Timbuktu. (de)
- Wangara (juga disebut Wakore) adalah klan Soninke yang berspesialisasi dalam perdagangan, kesarjanaan Islam dan peraturan (sebagai pengacara dan cadis), yang bermigrasi dari kota Awkar ke provinsi Mema, Beledugu, Zaga, Bendugu, dan Massina Kekaisaran Mali. (in)
- ワンガラ族（Wangara）は、かつて西アフリカ内陸部のトンブクトゥ近辺において金の交易をおこなっていた商業集団。ワンカーラ、ワンガラワ、ウンガロスなどとも呼ばれた。11世紀以降、ガーナ王国の南に拠点を持ち、集団生活を営んだ。集団は血族のみで成り立っていたと考えられており、各国の政治組織の興亡を超えて長期にわたってアフリカ大陸の重要な経済的基盤のひとつとなった。ニジェール川やセネガル川上流で採取した金を沈黙交易によってマリ帝国やニジェール川周辺諸国で算出される岩塩などと交換した。地理学者のマスウーディーは、金にまつわる沈黙交易について記している。 (ja)
- Uangaras (Wangaras), também conhecidos como uacorês (Wakorés) foram clãs soninquês especializados em comércio, estudos islâmicos e direito (como advogado e cádi). Particularmente ativos no comércio do ouro , eles eram um grupo de comerciantes mandé, livremente associados aos impérios do Oeste Africano medieval de Gana, Mali e Songai. (pt)
- Вангара (вакоре, уангарабе) — субэтническая группа народа сонинке, традиционно вовлеченная в транссахарскую торговлю и распространение ислама в Западном и Центральном Судане. В Средние века вангара превратились в конфедерацию торговцев, контролировавших торговые пути и завладевших монополией в торговле золотом в областях, к югу от Сахары. (ru)
- The Wangara (also known as Wakore, Wankori, Ouankri, Wangarawa, Dyula, Jula, Jakhanke, Jalonke) are a subgroup of the Soninke who later became assimilated (at varying degrees) merchant classes that specialized in both Trans Saharan and Secret Trade of Gold Dust. Their diaspora operated all throughout West Africa Sahel-Sudan. Fostering regionally organized trade networks and Architecture projects. But based in the many Sahelian and Niger-Volta-Sene-Gambia river city-states. Particularly Dia, Timbuktu, Agadez, Kano, Gao, Koumbi Saleh, Guidimaka, Salaga, Kong, Bussa, Bissa, Kankan, Jallon, Djenné as well as Bambouk, Bure, Lobi, and (to a lesser degree) Bono State goldfields and Borgu. They also were practicing Muslims with a clerical social class (Karamogo), Timbuktu Alumni political advisors (en)
|
