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Miquel el Valent Miguel, o Valente Mihai Viteazul Michael the Brave Michaël de Dappere Michal Chrabrý 勇敢的米哈伊 Michał Waleczny Mihai Viteazu Michele il Coraggioso Μιχαήλ ο Γενναίος Michel Ier le Brave Михай Храбрый Михайло Хоробрий Miguel el Valiente Mikaelo de Valaĥio ميشيل الشجاع Mihai Viteazul
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Mihai Viteazul (bahasa Rumania: Mihai Viteazul, Mihai Bravu, bahasa Hongaria: Vitéz Mihály, 1558 - 9 Agustus 1601) adalah Pangeran Wallachia (1593-1601), Transylvania (1599-1600), dan Moldavia (1600), tiga kepangeranan di Rumania. Dibawah kepemimpinannya, wilayah Rumania dan Moldova untuk pertama kalinya berhasil disatukan selama kurang dari enam bulan. Ia kini dianggap sebagai salah satu pahlawan nasional terbesar Rumania. ميشيل الشجاع (1558 - 1601)، أمير الأفلاق (1593 ـ 1601). أجبره الباب العالي على دفع مبلغ طائل، فاستدانه من الأتراك، ثم جمع دائنيه وفتك بهم في أثناء مأدبة أقامها لهم في قصره، وشن حرباً حامية ضد السلطان الذي أكره على عقد صلح معه، منحه فيه استقلالاً كاد يكون تاماً 1595، فتح ترانسلفانيا 1599 التي كان أميرها قد أمده بالعون في أثناء حروبه مع السلطان. كما فتح البغدان 1600، واتسمت علاقاته مع إمبراطور النمسا بالمكر والغدر، واغتاله أحد عملاء الإمبراطور. عادت الأفلاق والبغدان بعد موته إلى حكم الترك، ووقعت ترانسلفانيا في قبضة النمسا. تعده رومانيا بطلاً قومياً. Mihai Viteazul (Michael der Tapfere) (* 1558 in ; † 9. August 1601 in Câmpia Turzii) war Woiwode der Walachei (1593–1601), von Siebenbürgen (1599–1600) und der Moldau (1600). Er ist einer der rumänischen Nationalhelden, da er das erste Mal für vier Monate die drei heute zu Rumänien gehörenden Fürstentümer unter seiner Herrschaft vereinigte. Miguel el Valiente (en rumano: Mihai Viteazul; en húngaro: Vitéz Mihály; 1558-9 de agosto de 1601) fue un voivoda de Valaquia (1593-1601), príncipe de Transilvania (1599-1600) y de Moldavia (1600). Durante su reinado, que coincidió con una guerra entre los Habsburgo y los otomanos, esos tres principados, que forman el territorio de las modernas Rumanía y República de Moldavia, se unieron por primera vez bajo un monarca rumano, aunque la unión duró apenas seis meses. Aun así, Miguel el Valiente es considerado un gran héroe nacional en Rumanía, y su figura es invocada en el himno de Rumania.​ Michał Waleczny (rum. Mihai Viteazul; ur. 1557, zm. 9 sierpnia 1601 w Turdzie) – hospodar Wołoszczyzny w latach 1593–1600, hospodar Mołdawii w roku 1600, książę Siedmiogrodu w latach 1599–1600. Jedna z najznaczniejszych postaci w historii Rumunii, symbol oporu przeciwko Turkom oraz jedności Rumunii (jako pierwszy władca, który zjednoczył pod swoim berłem trzy główne części dzisiejszej Rumunii). Ο Μιχαήλ ο Γενναίος (ρουμανικά: Mihai Viteazul ή Mihae Bravu, ουγγρικά: Vitéz Mihály, 1558 - 9 Αυγούστου 1601) ήταν πρίγκιπας της Βλαχίας (ως Μιχαήλ Β΄, 1593–1601), της Μολδαβίας (1600) και de facto ηγεμόνας της Τρανσυλβανίας (1599–1600). Θεωρείται ένας από τους μεγαλύτερους εθνικούς ήρωες της Ρουμανίας και θεωρείται από τη Ρουμανική ιστοριογραφία ο πρωτουργός της Ρουμανικής ενότητας. Миха́йло Хоро́брий або Міха́й Ви́тязь (рум. Mihai Viteazul; 1558 — 9 серпня 1601) — господар Волощини (1593–1601 роки). Замолоду займався торгівлею, згодом посідав ряд важливих адміністративних посад. Добився від османського султана призначення його господарем Волощини. Посівши престол у 1594 і спираючись на підтримку українських козаків, Михайло розпочав війну проти османської влади на Волощині, у Молдові і Трансільванії. У 1595 році розгромив османські війська в битві під (між Джурджу і Бухарестом). Успішна боротьба Михайла проти Османської імперії була значною мірою зумовлена розгромом козацькими полками на чолі з Северином Наливайком союзників османів — татар під час походів на Молдову (літо 1594 і весна 1595 року). Michele il Coraggioso (Mihai Viteazul e Mihai Bravu in rumeno, Vitez Mihaly in ungherese, Michał Waleczny in polacco; 15 gennaio 1558 – 9 agosto 1601) è stato voivoda di Valacchia tra 1593 e 1601, voivoda di Transilvania nel biennio 1599-1600 e voivoda di Moldavia nel 1600. Fu cioè il primo sovrano che riuscì a riunire sotto il suo scettro tutti e tre i "Principati danubiani", ovvero le tre regioni storiche dell'Europa danubiana che dalla fine del XIX secolo formano la Romania: Valacchia, Moldavia e Transilvania. Michal Chrabrý (rumunsky Mihai Viteazul, maďarsky Vitéz Mihály, původním jménem Mihai Pătrașcu; 1558 – 9. srpna 1601) byl kníže rumunského Valašska (1593–1601), transylvánský (1599–1600) a moldavský (1600). Michal Chrabrý je též symbolem nezávislosti pro jeho boj proti Turkům a je po něm pojmenován rumunský Řád Michala Vítěze založený roku 1916 králem Ferdinandem. V anketě 100 největších Rumunů z roku 2006 obsadil Michal čtvrté místo. Největší územní rozsah vlády Michala Chrabrého Miguel, o Valente (em romeno: Mihai Viteazul, em húngaro: Vitéz Mihály; 1558 - 9 de agosto de 1601) foi Príncipe da Valáquia (1593-1601), da Moldávia (1600) e da Transilvânia (1599-1600). Ele unificou os três principados sob um único príncipe durante um curto período de tempo. Durante o seu reinado, que coincidiu com a Grande Guerra, estes três principados formaram o território da atual Roménia e Moldávia, que foram governados pela primeira vez por um único lider romeno, apesar de esta união ter durado apenas seis meses. Miguel é lembrado como um dos grandes heróis nacionais. Miquel el Valent (en romanès Mihai Viteazul, en hongarès: Vitéz Mihály), va ser un Voivoda (Príncep) de Valàquia / en romanès Țara Românească (1593 – 1601), de Transsilvània (1599 – 1601) i de Moldàvia (1600), essent el primer noble romanès en tenir sota el seu control els tres Principats que actualment conformen Romania, motiu pel qual per alguns sectors historiogràfics i nacionals romanesos és considerat com un dels primers precursors d'aquest Estat. 勇敢的米哈伊(罗马尼亚语:Mihai Viteazul;匈牙利语:Vitéz Mihály,1558年-1601年8月9日),在历史上首次将瓦拉几亚、特兰西瓦尼亚和摩尔达维亚三个小国统一在一起的君主。虽然他的统一仅仅持续了6个月,但是已经奠定了今日罗马尼亚疆域的基础,因此他被认为是罗马尼亚最伟大的民族英雄之一。 米哈伊自称是前任瓦拉几亚王公的私生子,但是一些历史学家认为这只不过是他捏造出来的事实,好使自己的统治合法化。1593年10月11日,米哈伊在奥斯曼帝国的扶植下成为瓦拉几亚的君主。 1594年秋,在与特兰西瓦尼亚和摩尔达维亚签订盟约之后,米哈伊起兵反抗奥斯曼帝国,参加神圣罗马帝国发起的十三年战争。次年,米哈伊同特兰西瓦尼亚签订条约,承认其宗主权,之后,在特兰西瓦尼亚的援助下,米哈伊屡次击败奥斯曼帝国军队,夺取了包括布加勒斯特在内的多瑙河沿岸大片地区。 1598年,特兰西瓦尼亚君主在妻子奧地利公主的勸誘下,让位于神圣罗马帝国皇帝鲁道夫二世,以換取魯道夫皇帝封給他的某塊領地;但是不久他又改变主意,欲让位给他的堂弟。由于安德鲁同波兰国王西吉斯蒙德三世关系密切,且觊觎瓦拉几亚的王位,米哈伊被迫同奥斯曼帝国媾和,并以承认鲁道夫二世的宗主权为条件,争取其协助对抗波兰和特兰西瓦尼亚。1599年10月18日,米哈伊彻底击败安德鲁·巴托里的军队,征服了特兰西瓦尼亚。 Mihai Viteazu Errumaniako udalerri bat da, Cluj konderrian. biztanle ditu, kilometro koadroko azaleran banatuta. Mihai Ier, surnommé Mihai Viteazul (en français Michel le Brave) est un prince valaque né en 1558 et mort le 8 août 1601. Au pouvoir entre 1593 et 1601, son règne est resté étroitement associé à la coalition militaire qu'il a réussi à mener contre l'Empire ottoman à la fin du XVIe siècle. Cette dernière était composée du Saint-Empire romain germanique, de la Pologne et des principautés médiévales de Valachie, Transylvanie, et Moldavie, sans compter la révolte des valaques épirotes de 1600-1601. Mikaelo de Valaĥio, "Mikaelo la Brava", rumane Mihai Viteazul, hungare Vitéz Mihály (naskiĝis en 1558, mortis (murdita de generalo Georgo Basta en Câmpia Turzii) la 9-an de aŭgusto 1601) estis reganto de Princlando Valaĥio inter 1593-1601, de Transilvanio en 1599-1600 kaj de Moldavujo en 1600. Миха́й Хра́брый (Михаил Храбрый, Михаил воевода, Михай-ага; рум. Михай Витязул, Mihai Viteazul, венг. Vitéz Mihály; 1558 — 9 августа 1601, Кымпия-Турзи) — господарь Валахии (1593—1601), представитель династии Басарабов, на короткое время объединивший под своей властью все три дунайских княжества. Michaël de Dappere (Roemeens: Mihai Viteazul (Drăgoești, 1558 - Aranyosgyéres, 9 augustus 1601), zoon van Pătrașcu cel Bun, wordt nu nog gezien als een van de belangrijkste "helden" van de Roemeense geschiedenis.Hij was vorst van Walachije (1593-1601), Transsylvanië (1599-1600) en Moldavië (1600), en de eerste man die de drie vorstendommen verenigde. Michael the Brave (Romanian: Mihai Viteazul [miˈhaj viˈte̯azul] or Mihai Bravu [ˈbravu]; 1558 – 9 August 1601), born as Mihai Pătrașcu, was the Prince of Wallachia (as Michael II, 1593 – 1601), Prince of Moldavia (1600) and de facto ruler of Transylvania (1599 – 1600). He is considered one of Romania's greatest national heroes. Since the 19th century, Michael the Brave has been regarded by Romanian nationalists as a symbol of Romanian unity, as his reign marked the first time all principalities inhabited by Romanians were under the same ruler.
rdfs:seeAlso
dbr:Moldavian_Magnate_Wars dbr:Transylvania dbr:The_Middle_Ages dbr:Wallachia
foaf:name
Michael the Brave
dbp:name
Michael the Brave
foaf:depiction
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dbp:deathPlace
Torda, Principality of Transylvania
dbp:birthPlace
Târgul de Floci , Wallachia
dcterms:subject
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dbo:thumbnail
n7:MihaiViteazul.jpg?width=300
dbp:signature
0001-06-09
dbp:birthDate
1558-01-15
dbp:birthName
Mihai Pătrașcu
dbp:burialPlace
dbr:Dealu_Monastery dbr:Dâmbovița_County Alba Iulia or Bogata, Cluj County
dbp:caption
Portrait by Aegidius Sadeler II
dbp:deathDate
0001-08-09
dbp:father
dbr:Pătrașcu_the_Good
dbp:house
dbr:House_of_Drăculești
dbp:issue
dbr:Nicolae_Pătrașcu Domnița Florica
dbp:mother
Teodora Cantacuzino
dbp:predecessor
dbr:Ieremia_Movilă dbr:Andrew_Báthory dbr:Alexandru_cel_Rău
dbp:reign
October 1599 – September 1600 May – September 1600 September 1593 – September 1601
dbp:religion
dbr:Romanian_Orthodox_Church
dbp:spouse
dbr:Doamna_Stanca
dbp:succession
dbr:List_of_rulers_of_Wallachia dbr:List_of_rulers_of_Moldavia Prince of Transylvania
dbp:successor
dbr:Sigismund_Báthory dbr:Ieremia_Movilă dbr:Radu_Mihnea
dbp:title
dbr:List_of_Wallachian_rulers dbr:List_of_Moldavian_rulers dbr:List_of_Princes_of_Transylvania dbr:List_of_rulers_of_Wallachia dbr:List_of_rulers_of_Moldavia
dbp:years
1593 1600
dbo:abstract
Mihai Viteazul (bahasa Rumania: Mihai Viteazul, Mihai Bravu, bahasa Hongaria: Vitéz Mihály, 1558 - 9 Agustus 1601) adalah Pangeran Wallachia (1593-1601), Transylvania (1599-1600), dan Moldavia (1600), tiga kepangeranan di Rumania. Dibawah kepemimpinannya, wilayah Rumania dan Moldova untuk pertama kalinya berhasil disatukan selama kurang dari enam bulan. Ia kini dianggap sebagai salah satu pahlawan nasional terbesar Rumania. Namun, karena kurangnya dukungan, Mihai tidak dapat mengurus seluruh tiga kepangeranan dan bangsawan di Transilvania melawannya. Ia tewas dibunuh pada tanggal 9 Agustus 1601 atas perintah . Ο Μιχαήλ ο Γενναίος (ρουμανικά: Mihai Viteazul ή Mihae Bravu, ουγγρικά: Vitéz Mihály, 1558 - 9 Αυγούστου 1601) ήταν πρίγκιπας της Βλαχίας (ως Μιχαήλ Β΄, 1593–1601), της Μολδαβίας (1600) και de facto ηγεμόνας της Τρανσυλβανίας (1599–1600). Θεωρείται ένας από τους μεγαλύτερους εθνικούς ήρωες της Ρουμανίας και θεωρείται από τη Ρουμανική ιστοριογραφία ο πρωτουργός της Ρουμανικής ενότητας. Η διοίκησή του της Βλαχίας άρχισε το φθινόπωρο του 1593. Δύο χρόνια αργότερα ξεκίνησε πόλεμος με τους Οθωμανούς, μια σύγκρουση κατά την οποία ο Πρίγκιπας πολέμησε στη μάχη του Τσιλουγκιρένι, που θεωρείται μία από τις σημαντικότερες μάχες της βασιλείας του. Παρόλο που οι Βλάχοι εξήλθαν νικητές από τη μάχη, ο Μιχαήλ αναγκάστηκε να υποχωρήσει με τα στρατεύματά του και να περιμένει βοήθεια από τους συμμάχους του, τον πρίγκιπα Σιγισμόνδο Μπάτορι της Τρανσυλβανίας και το Ροδόλφο Β΄ της Αγίας Ρωμαϊκής Αυτοκρατορίας. Ο πόλεμος συνεχίστηκε μέχρι τον Ιανουάριο του 1597, αλλά η ειρήνη κράτησε μόνο ενάμισι χρόνο, για να επανέλθει στα τέλη του 1599, όταν ο Μιχαήλ δεν μπόρεσε να συνεχίσει τον πόλεμο λόγω έλλειψης υποστήριξης από τους συμμάχους του. Το 1599 ο Μιχαήλ κέρδισε τη Μάχη του Σέλιμπιρ και σύντομα εισήλθε στην Άλμπα Ιούλια, γινόμενος αυτοκρατορικός κυβερνήτης (δηλαδή de facto ηγεμόνας) της Τρανσυλβανίας. Λίγους μήνες αργότερα τα στρατεύματα του Μιχαήλ εισέβαλαν στη Μολδαβία και έφθασαν στην πρωτεύουσα της, το Ιάσιο. Ο ηγέτης της Μολδαβίας Ιερεμίας Μοβίλα κατέφυγε στην Πολωνία και ο Μιχαήλ ανακηρύχθηκε Πρίγκιπας της Μολδαβίας. Ο Μιχαήλ διατήρησε τον έλεγχο και των τριών επαρχιών για λιγότερο από ένα χρόνο πριν οι ευγενείς της Τρανσυλβανίας και ορισμένοι βογιάροι στη Μολδαβία και στη Βλαχία ξεσηκωθούν εναντίον του με μια σειρά εξεγέρσεων. Στη συνέχεια ο Μιχαήλ συμμάχησε με το στρατηγό της Αυτοκρατορίας Τζόρτζο Μπάστα και κατέστειλε μια εξέγερση των Ούγγρων ευγενών στο Γκουρουσλάου της Τρανσυλβανίας. Αμέσως μετά από αυτή τη νίκη, ο Ροδόλφος διέταξε τη δολοφονία του Μιχαήλ, που πραγματοποιήθηκε στις 9 Αυγούστου 1601 από τους άνδρες του Μπάστα. Michał Waleczny (rum. Mihai Viteazul; ur. 1557, zm. 9 sierpnia 1601 w Turdzie) – hospodar Wołoszczyzny w latach 1593–1600, hospodar Mołdawii w roku 1600, książę Siedmiogrodu w latach 1599–1600. Jedna z najznaczniejszych postaci w historii Rumunii, symbol oporu przeciwko Turkom oraz jedności Rumunii (jako pierwszy władca, który zjednoczył pod swoim berłem trzy główne części dzisiejszej Rumunii). Mihai Viteazul (Michael der Tapfere) (* 1558 in ; † 9. August 1601 in Câmpia Turzii) war Woiwode der Walachei (1593–1601), von Siebenbürgen (1599–1600) und der Moldau (1600). Er ist einer der rumänischen Nationalhelden, da er das erste Mal für vier Monate die drei heute zu Rumänien gehörenden Fürstentümer unter seiner Herrschaft vereinigte. Mihai Viteazu Errumaniako udalerri bat da, Cluj konderrian. biztanle ditu, kilometro koadroko azaleran banatuta. Miquel el Valent (en romanès Mihai Viteazul, en hongarès: Vitéz Mihály), va ser un Voivoda (Príncep) de Valàquia / en romanès Țara Românească (1593 – 1601), de Transsilvània (1599 – 1601) i de Moldàvia (1600), essent el primer noble romanès en tenir sota el seu control els tres Principats que actualment conformen Romania, motiu pel qual per alguns sectors historiogràfics i nacionals romanesos és considerat com un dels primers precursors d'aquest Estat. Michael the Brave (Romanian: Mihai Viteazul [miˈhaj viˈte̯azul] or Mihai Bravu [ˈbravu]; 1558 – 9 August 1601), born as Mihai Pătrașcu, was the Prince of Wallachia (as Michael II, 1593 – 1601), Prince of Moldavia (1600) and de facto ruler of Transylvania (1599 – 1600). He is considered one of Romania's greatest national heroes. Since the 19th century, Michael the Brave has been regarded by Romanian nationalists as a symbol of Romanian unity, as his reign marked the first time all principalities inhabited by Romanians were under the same ruler. His rule over Wallachia began in the autumn of 1593. Two years later, war with the Ottomans began, a conflict in which the Prince fought the Battle of Călugăreni, resulting in a victory against an army nearly three times the size of the army of Michael the Brave, considered one of the most important battles of his reign. Although the Wallachians emerged victorious from the battle, Michael was forced to retreat with his troops and wait for aid from his allies, Prince Sigismund Báthory of Transylvania and Holy Roman Emperor Rudolf II. The war continued until a peace finally emerged in January 1597, but this lasted for only a year and a half. Peace was again reached in late 1599, when Michael was unable to continue the war due to lack of support from his allies. In 1599, Michael won the Battle of Șelimbăr against Andrew Báthory and soon entered Alba Iulia, becoming the imperial governor (i.e. de facto ruler) of Transylvania, under Habsburg suzerainty. A few months later, Michael's troops invaded Moldavia and reached its capital, Iași. The Moldavian leader Ieremia Movilă fled to Poland and Michael was declared Prince of Moldavia. During this period, Michael the Brave changed his seal to represent his personal union of Wallachia, Moldavia, and Transylvania. The interests of the three neighbouring great powers — the Habsburg monarchy, the Ottoman Empire, and the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth — were damaged by Michael the Brave's achievements. Although he acknowledged the suzerainty of Rudolf II, Michael the Brave continued to negotiate his official position in Transylvania, pleading for direct rule instead of being imperial governor. Michael kept the control of all three provinces for less than a year before the Hungarian nobility of Transylvania rose against him in a series of revolts with the support of the Austrian army commanded by the Italian General Giorgio Basta, defeating Michael the Brave at the Battle of Mirăslău, forcing the prince to leave Transylvania and retreat to Wallachia with his remaining troops, while the forces of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth entered Moldavia and defeated the forces loyal to Michael the Brave, restoring Ieremia Movilă on the throne. The Polish army led by Jan Zamoyski also advanced in eastern Wallachia and established Simion Movilă as ruler. Forces loyal to Michael remained only in Oltenia. Michael the Brave then left for Prague, seekeing audience with Emperor Rudolf II; however, the emperor refused to allow him audience. But General Giorgio Basta's governance of Transylvania faced significant opposition from the Hungarian nobility, leading to the reinstallation of Sigismund Báthory, who turned his back on Emperor Rudolf II and declared suzerainty to the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth after receiving substantial military support. This led to Emperor Rudolf II accepting Michael the Brave's audience and providing him with 100,000 florins to rebuild his army. Meanwhile, forces loyal to Michael in Wallachia led by his son, Nicolae Pătrașcu, drove Simion Movilă out of Moldavia and prepared to reenter Transylvania. Michael the Brave, allied with Giorgio Basta, defeated the Hungarian army at the Battle of Guruslău. A few days later Basta, who sought to control Transylvania himself, executed the assassination of Michael by order of the Habsburg Emperor Rudolf II. Mihai Ier, surnommé Mihai Viteazul (en français Michel le Brave) est un prince valaque né en 1558 et mort le 8 août 1601. Au pouvoir entre 1593 et 1601, son règne est resté étroitement associé à la coalition militaire qu'il a réussi à mener contre l'Empire ottoman à la fin du XVIe siècle. Cette dernière était composée du Saint-Empire romain germanique, de la Pologne et des principautés médiévales de Valachie, Transylvanie, et Moldavie, sans compter la révolte des valaques épirotes de 1600-1601. Mikaelo de Valaĥio, "Mikaelo la Brava", rumane Mihai Viteazul, hungare Vitéz Mihály (naskiĝis en 1558, mortis (murdita de generalo Georgo Basta en Câmpia Turzii) la 9-an de aŭgusto 1601) estis reganto de Princlando Valaĥio inter 1593-1601, de Transilvanio en 1599-1600 kaj de Moldavujo en 1600. Michele il Coraggioso (Mihai Viteazul e Mihai Bravu in rumeno, Vitez Mihaly in ungherese, Michał Waleczny in polacco; 15 gennaio 1558 – 9 agosto 1601) è stato voivoda di Valacchia tra 1593 e 1601, voivoda di Transilvania nel biennio 1599-1600 e voivoda di Moldavia nel 1600. Fu cioè il primo sovrano che riuscì a riunire sotto il suo scettro tutti e tre i "Principati danubiani", ovvero le tre regioni storiche dell'Europa danubiana che dalla fine del XIX secolo formano la Romania: Valacchia, Moldavia e Transilvania. Michele prese il potere in Valacchia, con l'appoggio dell'Impero ottomano, al volgere del XVI secolo. Deciso a garantirsi l'indipendenza dalla Sublime porta, il voivoda si schierò al fianco di Rodolfo II d'Asburgo nella Lunga Guerra (1593-1606) che vide gli Asburgo tornare a contendere il dominio sui Balcani agli Ottomani. Nella Battaglia di Călugăreni (23 agosto 1595) fu proprio Michele ad infliggere una pesante sconfitta alle forze del sultano Murad III, fermando poi, con azioni di guerriglia dirette congiuntamente al condottiero transilvano István Bocskai, la dilagante avanzata ottomana sul fronte orientale della guerra. Il conflitto divenne però ben presto ristagnante, riaccendendosi solo nel 1598, anche a causa degli intrighi tra i potentati cristiani sapientemente giostrati dai turchi. Nel 1599, il voivoda Michele si sbarazzò dei suoi pericolosi vicini, i Báthory sovrani di Transilvania, contesi tra gli Asburgo e la potente Confederazione polacco-lituana, nella Battaglia di Șelimbăr ed il 1º novembre entrò trionfalmente nella capitale transilvana di Alba Iulia, unificando formalmente le due Valacchie (Valacchia e Transilvania). Pochi mesi dopo conquistò Suceava, capitale della Moldavia, strappandola al voivoda Ieremia Movilă, alleato dei polacco-lituani e dei Bathory. Formalmente signore dei Principati Danubiani, Michele dovette ricorrere agli Asburgo per resistere alla rivolta congiunta dei boiari valacco-transilvani, fomentata dai polacco-lituani, che sconfisse nella Battaglia di Gurăslău (3 agosto 1601) grazie all'appoggio del condottiero italiano Giorgio Basta. Divenuto però ormai troppo potente per il sospettoso imperatore Rodolfo II, Michele venne fatto assassinare da alcuni suoi mercenari sul campo di battaglia presso la città di Turda il 9 agosto 1601. Mandante "fisico" dell'omicidio fu proprio il generale Basta. ميشيل الشجاع (1558 - 1601)، أمير الأفلاق (1593 ـ 1601). أجبره الباب العالي على دفع مبلغ طائل، فاستدانه من الأتراك، ثم جمع دائنيه وفتك بهم في أثناء مأدبة أقامها لهم في قصره، وشن حرباً حامية ضد السلطان الذي أكره على عقد صلح معه، منحه فيه استقلالاً كاد يكون تاماً 1595، فتح ترانسلفانيا 1599 التي كان أميرها قد أمده بالعون في أثناء حروبه مع السلطان. كما فتح البغدان 1600، واتسمت علاقاته مع إمبراطور النمسا بالمكر والغدر، واغتاله أحد عملاء الإمبراطور. عادت الأفلاق والبغدان بعد موته إلى حكم الترك، ووقعت ترانسلفانيا في قبضة النمسا. تعده رومانيا بطلاً قومياً. Миха́й Хра́брый (Михаил Храбрый, Михаил воевода, Михай-ага; рум. Михай Витязул, Mihai Viteazul, венг. Vitéz Mihály; 1558 — 9 августа 1601, Кымпия-Турзи) — господарь Валахии (1593—1601), представитель династии Басарабов, на короткое время объединивший под своей властью все три дунайских княжества. Michal Chrabrý (rumunsky Mihai Viteazul, maďarsky Vitéz Mihály, původním jménem Mihai Pătrașcu; 1558 – 9. srpna 1601) byl kníže rumunského Valašska (1593–1601), transylvánský (1599–1600) a moldavský (1600). Během jeho vlády byla tato tři knížectví na území dnešního Rumunska a Moldávie poprvé spojena do jednoho státního celku, proto je Mihai v Rumunsku vnímán jako národní hrdina a zakladatel rumunské státnosti. Na tak rozsáhlém území všech tří rumunských podunajských knížectví vládl teprve rumunský král Ferdinand v roce 1918 po sjednocení starého Rumunska se Sedmihradskem, Banátem a Besarábií. Michal byl spojencem Habsburků v boji proti Osmanské říši během dlouhé turecké války, ale pro svou úspěšnou, nezávislou kariéru se stal brzy pro habsburského císaře Rudolfa II. nepohodlným. V roce 1601 jej proto Rudolf nechal odstranit, o což se postaral císařský generál , který Michala zavraždil. Michal Chrabrý je též symbolem nezávislosti pro jeho boj proti Turkům a je po něm pojmenován rumunský Řád Michala Vítěze založený roku 1916 králem Ferdinandem. V anketě 100 největších Rumunů z roku 2006 obsadil Michal čtvrté místo. Největší územní rozsah vlády Michala Chrabrého Michaël de Dappere (Roemeens: Mihai Viteazul (Drăgoești, 1558 - Aranyosgyéres, 9 augustus 1601), zoon van Pătrașcu cel Bun, wordt nu nog gezien als een van de belangrijkste "helden" van de Roemeense geschiedenis.Hij was vorst van Walachije (1593-1601), Transsylvanië (1599-1600) en Moldavië (1600), en de eerste man die de drie vorstendommen verenigde. Миха́йло Хоро́брий або Міха́й Ви́тязь (рум. Mihai Viteazul; 1558 — 9 серпня 1601) — господар Волощини (1593–1601 роки). Замолоду займався торгівлею, згодом посідав ряд важливих адміністративних посад. Добився від османського султана призначення його господарем Волощини. Посівши престол у 1594 і спираючись на підтримку українських козаків, Михайло розпочав війну проти османської влади на Волощині, у Молдові і Трансільванії. У 1595 році розгромив османські війська в битві під (між Джурджу і Бухарестом). Успішна боротьба Михайла проти Османської імперії була значною мірою зумовлена розгромом козацькими полками на чолі з Северином Наливайком союзників османів — татар під час походів на Молдову (літо 1594 і весна 1595 року). У 1600 році Михайло Хоробрий об'єднав Волощину і Молдову в єдину державу. Здійснював рішучі заходи, спрямовані на зміцнення центральної влади. Убитий під час заколоту бояр, які виступили проти його централізаторської політики. Створена Михайлом держава розпалась і її частини знову потрапили під владу Османської імперії. Miguel, o Valente (em romeno: Mihai Viteazul, em húngaro: Vitéz Mihály; 1558 - 9 de agosto de 1601) foi Príncipe da Valáquia (1593-1601), da Moldávia (1600) e da Transilvânia (1599-1600). Ele unificou os três principados sob um único príncipe durante um curto período de tempo. Durante o seu reinado, que coincidiu com a Grande Guerra, estes três principados formaram o território da atual Roménia e Moldávia, que foram governados pela primeira vez por um único lider romeno, apesar de esta união ter durado apenas seis meses. Miguel é lembrado como um dos grandes heróis nacionais. O seu governo na Valáquia iniciou-se no outono de 1593. Dois anos depois, eclodiu uma guerra com o Império Otomano, em que Miguel lutou, principalmente na , considrada uma das mais importantes do seu reinado. Apesar de sair vitorioso, ele foi obrigado a retirar com as suas tropas e esperar pelos seus aliados, o Príncipe considered da Transilvânia e o Sacro-Imperador Rodolfo II. Foi feita a paz em Janeiro de 1597, mas durou somente um ano e meio. Uma segunda paz foi celebrada em 1599, quando Miguel foi incapaz de continuar devido à falta de apoio dos seus aliados. Nesse ano, Miguel ganhou a e entrou em Alba Iulia, tornando-se Príncipe da Transilvânia. Meses depois, As tropas de Miguel invadiram a capital da Moldávia e conquistaram a capital, Iaşi. , o príncipe moldavo, fugiu para a Polónia e Miguel foi declarado Príncipe da Moldávia. Miguel manteve os três principados sob o seu controlo por menos de uma ano, pois certos boiardos provindos dos três principados revoltaram-se contra ele. Miguel aliou-se ao General Imperial e derrotou uma revolta da nobreza húngara em , na Transilvânia. Após a vitória, Basta ordenou o assassinato de Miguel, a 9 de agosto de 1601. Miguel el Valiente (en rumano: Mihai Viteazul; en húngaro: Vitéz Mihály; 1558-9 de agosto de 1601) fue un voivoda de Valaquia (1593-1601), príncipe de Transilvania (1599-1600) y de Moldavia (1600). Durante su reinado, que coincidió con una guerra entre los Habsburgo y los otomanos, esos tres principados, que forman el territorio de las modernas Rumanía y República de Moldavia, se unieron por primera vez bajo un monarca rumano, aunque la unión duró apenas seis meses. Aun así, Miguel el Valiente es considerado un gran héroe nacional en Rumanía, y su figura es invocada en el himno de Rumania.​ 勇敢的米哈伊(罗马尼亚语:Mihai Viteazul;匈牙利语:Vitéz Mihály,1558年-1601年8月9日),在历史上首次将瓦拉几亚、特兰西瓦尼亚和摩尔达维亚三个小国统一在一起的君主。虽然他的统一仅仅持续了6个月,但是已经奠定了今日罗马尼亚疆域的基础,因此他被认为是罗马尼亚最伟大的民族英雄之一。 米哈伊自称是前任瓦拉几亚王公的私生子,但是一些历史学家认为这只不过是他捏造出来的事实,好使自己的统治合法化。1593年10月11日,米哈伊在奥斯曼帝国的扶植下成为瓦拉几亚的君主。 1594年秋,在与特兰西瓦尼亚和摩尔达维亚签订盟约之后,米哈伊起兵反抗奥斯曼帝国,参加神圣罗马帝国发起的十三年战争。次年,米哈伊同特兰西瓦尼亚签订条约,承认其宗主权,之后,在特兰西瓦尼亚的援助下,米哈伊屡次击败奥斯曼帝国军队,夺取了包括布加勒斯特在内的多瑙河沿岸大片地区。 1598年,特兰西瓦尼亚君主在妻子奧地利公主的勸誘下,让位于神圣罗马帝国皇帝鲁道夫二世,以換取魯道夫皇帝封給他的某塊領地;但是不久他又改变主意,欲让位给他的堂弟。由于安德鲁同波兰国王西吉斯蒙德三世关系密切,且觊觎瓦拉几亚的王位,米哈伊被迫同奥斯曼帝国媾和,并以承认鲁道夫二世的宗主权为条件,争取其协助对抗波兰和特兰西瓦尼亚。1599年10月18日,米哈伊彻底击败安德鲁·巴托里的军队,征服了特兰西瓦尼亚。 此后,米哈伊拒绝承认鲁道夫的宗主权,并进军征服了摩尔达维亚。见到突然出现的一个强大国家,米哈伊周边的势力联合起来对其发动战争。到1601年初,他已经被逐出特兰西瓦尼亚和摩尔达维亚,东瓦拉几亚也被位高權重的波蘭元帥揚·扎莫厄斯基占领。米哈伊试图通过重新投靠鲁道夫二世来挽回颓势,但是在8月9日,被風評不佳的奧地利將軍派人刺杀而死。 因為軍紀甚差、引發不滿,奧地利軍後來在1604年,被特蘭西瓦尼亞的加爾文教貴族的抗暴軍趕跑,特蘭西瓦尼亞恢復自主地位。
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