| dbo:abstract
|
- Prof. Dr. Soemitro Djojohadikoesoemo (EYD: Sumitro Joyohadikusumo; 29 Mei 1917 – 9 Maret 2001) merupakan seorang ekonom dan politikus Indonesia. Sebagai salah satu ekonom Indonesia paling terkemuka selama masanya, Soemitro pernah menjabat sebagai Menteri Perdagangan dan Industri, Menteri Keuangan, dan Menteri Riset baik selama era Orde Lama maupun Orde Baru. Ia juga pernah menjadi Dekan Fakultas Ekonomi Universitas Indonesia. Soemitro berasal dari keluarga ningrat Jawa, sebagai anak sulung dari Raden Mas Margono Djojohadikusumo. Ia menempuh pendidikan ekonomi di Sekolah Tinggi Ekonomi Belanda di Rotterdam. Setelah Perang Dunia Kedua, Soemitro kembali ke Indonesia dan turut dalam delegasi Indonesia untuk Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa di Amerika Serikat. Dalam misi diplomatik ini, Soemitro berperan dalam menggalang dana dan dukungan internasional demi kemerdekaan Indonesia. Ia juga turut serta dalam Konferensi Meja Bundar, dan setelahnya bergabung dalam Partai Sosialis Indonesia sebelum menjabat Menteri Perdagangan dan Industri dalam Kabinet Natsir. Soemitro merupakan pencetus program Benteng, dan meluncurkan sejumlah kebijakan ekonomi yang mengarahkan Indonesia ke proses industrialisasi. Ia kemudian juga menjabat Menteri Keuangan dalam Kabinet Wilopo dan Kabinet Burhanuddin Harahap, sembari mengembangkan Fakultas Ekonomi Universitas Indonesia sebagai dekannya yang kedua. Selama Orde Lama, Soemitro merupakan salah satu menteri yang mendukung masuknya modal dan investor asing ke Indonesia. Karena ini, ia ditekan oleh Soekarno dan politisi-politisi Partai Komunis Indonesia selama era Djuanda, yang menyebabkan Soemitro bergabung ke Pemerintah Revolusioner Republik Indonesia (PRRI) di Sumatra. Peranan Soemitro dalam PRRI dilangsungkan dari luar Indonesia melalui aktivitasnya menggalang dana dan dukungan luar negeri. Setelah PRRI ditumpas, Soemitro tidak pulang sampai tahun 1967, setelah Soeharto menjadi presiden. Soeharto mengundangnya kembali ke Indonesia dan mengangkat Soemitro menjadi Menteri Perdagangan dan Industri, dan belakangan sebagai Menteri Riset. Banyak bekas muridnya di Universitas Indonesia juga terlibat dalam pemerintah Soeharto, dan lebih dikenal sebagai mafia Berkeley. Soemitro tetap aktif di bidang ekonomi setelah tidak menjadi menteri, dan sering mengkritik kebijakan ekonomi pemerintah sebelum krisis moneter melanda Indonesia. (in)
- Sumitro Djojohadikusumo (EVO: Soemitro Djojohadikoesoemo; 29 May 1917 – 9 March 2001) was an Indonesian politician and one of the country's most influential economists. He held notable roles under both presidents Sukarno and Suharto intermittently between 1950 and 1978. During his career in government, he served as Minister of Industry and Trade, Minister of Finance, and the Minister of Research in five different cabinets. He was also the Dean of the Faculty of Economics at the University of Indonesia. Born into a Javanese family, Sumitro studied economics at the Netherlands School of Economics. Returning to Indonesia following the conclusion of the Second World War, he was thereafter assigned to the country's diplomatic mission in the United States, where he sought to raise funds and garner international attention in the struggle against Dutch colonialism. After the handover of sovereignty in the 1949 Dutch–Indonesian Round Table Conference, in which he took part, he joined the Socialist Party of Indonesia and became Minister for Trade and Industry in the Natsir Cabinet. He implemented the protectionist Benteng program, and developed an economic plan which aimed for national industrialization. Sumitro served as finance minister in the cabinets of Prime Ministers Wilopo and Burhanuddin Harahap. During the 1950s, Sumitro favoured foreign investment, an unpopular position at that time which brought him into conflict with nationalists and communists. Due to political differences and allegations of corruption, he fled Jakarta and joined the insurrectionary Revolutionary Government of the Republic of Indonesia in the late 1950s. Considered a leader of the movement, Sumitro operated from abroad, liaising with Western foreign intelligence organizations while seeking funds and international support. After the movement's defeat, Sumitro remained in exile as a vocal critic of Sukarno, continuing to agitate for the downfall of the government. With the establishment of the New Order, Sumitro was invited to return from exile and in 1967 was reappointed Minister of Industry and Trade. In this position, Sumitro set policies favoring industrialization through imports of capital goods and export restrictions of raw materials. He was involved in the high-level planning of Indonesia's economy, along with many of his former students from the University of Indonesia. After disagreements with Suharto on policy in the early 1970s, Sumitro was first reassigned as Minister of Research before his removal from government posts altogether. Throughout the New Order, Sumitro leveraged his foreign and political connections to establish substantial private business interests and a political presence for his family, with his son Prabowo Subianto joining the military and marrying Suharto's daughter. He also continued to work as an economist with some influence during the 1980s. In the leadup to the 1997 Asian financial crisis he began to call for greater deregulation of the economy, but remained committed to the political structure of the New Order. Following his death, his children and grandchildren remained influential in Indonesian politics. (en)
|
| rdfs:comment
|
- Prof. Dr. Soemitro Djojohadikoesoemo (EYD: Sumitro Joyohadikusumo; 29 Mei 1917 – 9 Maret 2001) merupakan seorang ekonom dan politikus Indonesia. Sebagai salah satu ekonom Indonesia paling terkemuka selama masanya, Soemitro pernah menjabat sebagai Menteri Perdagangan dan Industri, Menteri Keuangan, dan Menteri Riset baik selama era Orde Lama maupun Orde Baru. Ia juga pernah menjadi Dekan Fakultas Ekonomi Universitas Indonesia. (in)
- Sumitro Djojohadikusumo (EVO: Soemitro Djojohadikoesoemo; 29 May 1917 – 9 March 2001) was an Indonesian politician and one of the country's most influential economists. He held notable roles under both presidents Sukarno and Suharto intermittently between 1950 and 1978. During his career in government, he served as Minister of Industry and Trade, Minister of Finance, and the Minister of Research in five different cabinets. He was also the Dean of the Faculty of Economics at the University of Indonesia. (en)
|
.jpg){kind=link}
.jpg){kind=link}
