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- NSA warrantless surveillance — also commonly referred to as "warrantless-wiretapping" or "-wiretaps" — refers to the surveillance of persons within the United States, including U.S. citizens, during the collection of notionally foreign intelligence by the National Security Agency (NSA) as part of the Terrorist Surveillance Program. In late 2001, the NSA was authorized to monitor, without obtaining a FISA warrant, the phone calls, Internet activity, text messages and other communication involving any party believed by the NSA to be outside the U.S., even if the other end of the communication lay within the U.S. Critics claimed that the program was an effort to silence critics of the Administration and its handling of several controversial issues. Under public pressure, the Administration allegedly ended the program in January 2007 and resumed seeking warrants from the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court (FISC). In 2008 Congress passed the FISA Amendments Act of 2008, which relaxed some of the original FISC requirements. During the Obama administration, the U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ) continued to defend the warrantless surveillance program in court, arguing that a ruling on the merits would reveal state secrets. In April 2009 officials at DOJ acknowledged that the NSA had engaged in "overcollection" of domestic communications in excess of the FISC's authority, but claimed that the acts were unintentional and had since been rectified. (en)
- NSA의 무영장 감시 논란(영어: NSA warrantless surveillance controversy)은 법원의 수색영장(search warrant) 없이 개인정보를 수집하는 NSA의 정찰 활동에 대한 프라이버시권 침해에 대해 우려를 표시한다. NSA는 테러와의 전쟁을 수행하기 위한 의 일부분인 테러리스트 감시 프로그램을 수행하는데, 법원의 수색영장 없이, 대통령의 행정명령만으로 전화, 이메일, 인터넷 기록 등을 광범위하게 정찰할 수 있다. 테러리스트 감시 프로그램은 최근 업그레이드되어서 PRISM이 되었다. (ko)
- 美国国家安全局无证监听争议（无证监听）涉及美国国家安全局作为反恐战争的一部分，在收集外国情报的过程中，对该国境内的个人实施的监视活动。這一小布什當局所谓的“”是范围更广的的一部分。在该计划下，国家安全局通过获得行政命令的授权，可在未获得搜查令的情况下对电话，互联网活动（如Web和email等），短消息，以及其它涉及被国家安全局认为位于美国境外的一方的通信内容（即使另一方位于美国境内。然而批评者声称， 该计划的目的是打压对小布什当局及其对几个敏感问题的处理方式的批评。在公共压力下，小布什政府在2007年1月被迫停止了无证监听计划，重新将监听评估工作交由法庭进行。美国国会后来通过了，放松了对FISA法庭的一些要求。 在巴拉克·欧巴马政府上任後，国家安全局继续在新FISA准则下运作。然而，在2009年4月，美国司法部官员承认，国家安全局曾经参与了超出FISA法庭权威的、针对国内通信内容的“过度收集”（“overcollection”），但声称这些行动不是有意进行的，并已得到纠正。 (zh)
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| rdfs:comment
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- NSA의 무영장 감시 논란(영어: NSA warrantless surveillance controversy)은 법원의 수색영장(search warrant) 없이 개인정보를 수집하는 NSA의 정찰 활동에 대한 프라이버시권 침해에 대해 우려를 표시한다. NSA는 테러와의 전쟁을 수행하기 위한 의 일부분인 테러리스트 감시 프로그램을 수행하는데, 법원의 수색영장 없이, 대통령의 행정명령만으로 전화, 이메일, 인터넷 기록 등을 광범위하게 정찰할 수 있다. 테러리스트 감시 프로그램은 최근 업그레이드되어서 PRISM이 되었다. (ko)
- 美国国家安全局无证监听争议（无证监听）涉及美国国家安全局作为反恐战争的一部分，在收集外国情报的过程中，对该国境内的个人实施的监视活动。這一小布什當局所谓的“”是范围更广的的一部分。在该计划下，国家安全局通过获得行政命令的授权，可在未获得搜查令的情况下对电话，互联网活动（如Web和email等），短消息，以及其它涉及被国家安全局认为位于美国境外的一方的通信内容（即使另一方位于美国境内。然而批评者声称， 该计划的目的是打压对小布什当局及其对几个敏感问题的处理方式的批评。在公共压力下，小布什政府在2007年1月被迫停止了无证监听计划，重新将监听评估工作交由法庭进行。美国国会后来通过了，放松了对FISA法庭的一些要求。 在巴拉克·欧巴马政府上任後，国家安全局继续在新FISA准则下运作。然而，在2009年4月，美国司法部官员承认，国家安全局曾经参与了超出FISA法庭权威的、针对国内通信内容的“过度收集”（“overcollection”），但声称这些行动不是有意进行的，并已得到纠正。 (zh)
- NSA warrantless surveillance — also commonly referred to as "warrantless-wiretapping" or "-wiretaps" — refers to the surveillance of persons within the United States, including U.S. citizens, during the collection of notionally foreign intelligence by the National Security Agency (NSA) as part of the Terrorist Surveillance Program. In late 2001, the NSA was authorized to monitor, without obtaining a FISA warrant, the phone calls, Internet activity, text messages and other communication involving any party believed by the NSA to be outside the U.S., even if the other end of the communication lay within the U.S. (en)
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