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The People's Liberation Army of Namibia (PLAN) was the military wing of the South West Africa People's Organisation (SWAPO). It fought against the South African Defence Force (SADF) and South West African Territorial Force (SWATF) during the South African Border War. Throughout its history, PLAN had both irregular insurgent and semi-conventional units, as well as an extensive recruitment network in rural South West Africa (Namibia). During the war most of its domestic activities consisted of mine warfare and acts of sabotage. PLAN initially lacked any standing units, and the bulk of operations were carried out by political exiles who spent cyclical periods residing in refugee camps in neighbouring states before launching raids inside South West Africa itself. By the end of the war, PLAN ha

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dbo:abstract
  • L'Exèrcit Popular d'Alliberament de Namíbia (En anglès: People's Liberation Army of Namibia, més conegut per les seves sigles, PLAN), va ser l'ala militar activa de l'Organització del Poble del Sud-Oest Africà (En anglès: South West Africa People's Organization, SWAPO), el moviment nacionalista de Namíbia més rellevant durant la Guerra de la Independència de Namíbia. El PLAN va ser fundat el 1962 per Sam Nujoma sota el nom d'Exèrcit d'Alliberament del Sud-oest Africà (En anglès: South West Africa Liberation Army, SWALA). El seu objectiu era aconseguir la independència del territori de l'actual Namíbia, aleshores Àfrica del Sud-oest, del domini de Sud-àfrica. Va ser fundat principalment sota els principis del marxisme, anticipant l'adveniment d'un estat socialista. Això s'aconseguiria gràcies al lideratge d'una avantguarda revolucionària consistent en revolucionaris professionals, els quals liderarien la classe obrera en el conflicte de classes. El PLAN es va integrar a la quan el país africà es va independitzar, el 1990. (ca)
  • جيش التحرير الشعبي الناميبي هو الجناح العسكري لمنظمة شعب جنوب غرب أفريقيا. تم تأسيسه في 1962 وقد قاتل قوات الدفاع الجنوب أفريقية لمدة 23 في حرب الحدود الجنوب أفريقية والتي تعرف أيضا بحرب الاستقلال الناميبية. تم حله بعد نيل ناميبيا استقلالها وتحول منظمة شعب جنوب غرب أفريقيا إلى حزب سياسي. (ar)
  • Die People’s Liberation Army of Namibia (PLAN; zu Deutsch etwa Volksbefreiungsarmee Namibias) war eine paramilitärische Einheit in Südwestafrika, dem heutigen Namibia. Sie war der militärische Arm der SWAPO (damals South-West Africa People’s Organisation) im namibischen Befreiungskampf, die seit der Unabhängigkeit Namibias 1990 die Regierung im Land stellt. (de)
  • The People's Liberation Army of Namibia (PLAN) was the military wing of the South West Africa People's Organisation (SWAPO). It fought against the South African Defence Force (SADF) and South West African Territorial Force (SWATF) during the South African Border War. Throughout its history, PLAN had both irregular insurgent and semi-conventional units, as well as an extensive recruitment network in rural South West Africa (Namibia). During the war most of its domestic activities consisted of mine warfare and acts of sabotage. PLAN initially lacked any standing units, and the bulk of operations were carried out by political exiles who spent cyclical periods residing in refugee camps in neighbouring states before launching raids inside South West Africa itself. By the end of the war, PLAN had 32,000 militants under arms, including three battalions of semi-conventional troops equipped with heavy weapons. PLAN launched its largest and final offensive between late April and early March 1989. Thereafter, it ceased operations due to the ongoing peace process in South West Africa and withdrew to above the 16th parallel south. The bulk of PLAN's forces were disarmed and demobilized on its Angolan camps in late 1989 by the United Nations Transitional Assistance Group (UNTAG) and repatriated to South West Africa. A small number remained in reserve until after Namibian independence, when they were also repatriated. The last PLAN troops and equipment were returned to Namibia in mid-1990 for integration with the new Namibian Defence Force (NDF). (en)
  • O Exército Popular de Libertação da Namíbia (PLAN, do inglês: People's Liberation Army of Namibia) foi a ala militar da Organização do Povo do Sudoeste Africano (SWAPO). Lutou contra a Força de Defesa da África do Sul (SADF) e a Força Territorial do Sudoeste Africano (SWATF) durante a Guerra de Independência da Namíbia. Ao longo de sua história, o PLAN tinha unidades insurgentes e semi-convencionais irregulares, bem como uma extensa rede de recrutamento na zona rural do Sudoeste Africano (atual Namíbia). Durante a guerra, a maioria de suas atividades domésticas consistia em ataques com minas terrestres e atos de sabotagem. O PLAN inicialmente não dispunha de nenhuma unidade permanente, e a maior parte das operações foi realizada por exilados políticos que passaram períodos cíclicos residindo em campos de refugiados em nações vizinhas antes de lançar ataques no próprio Sudoeste Africano. No final da guerra, o PLAN tinha 32.000 militantes armados, incluindo três batalhões de tropas semiconvencionais equipadas com armas pesadas. A PLAN lançou sua maior e última ofensiva entre o final de abril e o início de março de 1989. Depois disso, cessou as operações devido ao processo de paz em curso no Sudoeste Africano e se retirou para acima do paralelo 16 sul. A maior parte das forças do PLAN foram desarmadas e desmobilizadas em seus acampamentos angolanos no final de 1989 pelo Grupo de Assistência das Nações Unidas para o Período de Transição na Namíbia (UNTAG) e repatriadas para o Sudoeste Africano. Um pequeno número permaneceu na reserva até depois da independência da Namíbia, quando eles também foram repatriados. As últimas tropas e equipamentos do PLAN foram devolvidos à Namíbia em meados de 1990 para integração com a nova Força de Defesa da Namíbia (NDF). (pt)
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dbp:caption
  • PLAN insurgents on the march in Angola, 1980s. (en)
dbp:headquarters
  • (en)
  • Lusaka, Zambia (en)
  • Dar es Salaam, Tanzania (en)
  • Lubango, Angola (en)
dbp:ideology
dbp:leaders
  • (en)
  • Sam Nujoma (en)
  • Dimo Hamaambo (en)
  • Peter Mweshihange (en)
  • Peter Nanyemba (en)
  • Tobias Hainyeko (en)
dbp:name
  • People's Liberation Army of Namibia (en)
dbp:opponents
dbp:position
  • Left-wing to Far-left (en)
dbp:size
  • 32000 (xsd:integer)
dbp:war
  • the South African Border War and Angolan Civil War (en)
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  • جيش التحرير الشعبي الناميبي هو الجناح العسكري لمنظمة شعب جنوب غرب أفريقيا. تم تأسيسه في 1962 وقد قاتل قوات الدفاع الجنوب أفريقية لمدة 23 في حرب الحدود الجنوب أفريقية والتي تعرف أيضا بحرب الاستقلال الناميبية. تم حله بعد نيل ناميبيا استقلالها وتحول منظمة شعب جنوب غرب أفريقيا إلى حزب سياسي. (ar)
  • Die People’s Liberation Army of Namibia (PLAN; zu Deutsch etwa Volksbefreiungsarmee Namibias) war eine paramilitärische Einheit in Südwestafrika, dem heutigen Namibia. Sie war der militärische Arm der SWAPO (damals South-West Africa People’s Organisation) im namibischen Befreiungskampf, die seit der Unabhängigkeit Namibias 1990 die Regierung im Land stellt. (de)
  • L'Exèrcit Popular d'Alliberament de Namíbia (En anglès: People's Liberation Army of Namibia, més conegut per les seves sigles, PLAN), va ser l'ala militar activa de l'Organització del Poble del Sud-Oest Africà (En anglès: South West Africa People's Organization, SWAPO), el moviment nacionalista de Namíbia més rellevant durant la Guerra de la Independència de Namíbia. El PLAN va ser fundat el 1962 per Sam Nujoma sota el nom d'Exèrcit d'Alliberament del Sud-oest Africà (En anglès: South West Africa Liberation Army, SWALA). El seu objectiu era aconseguir la independència del territori de l'actual Namíbia, aleshores Àfrica del Sud-oest, del domini de Sud-àfrica. Va ser fundat principalment sota els principis del marxisme, anticipant l'adveniment d'un estat socialista. Això s'aconseguiria gràci (ca)
  • The People's Liberation Army of Namibia (PLAN) was the military wing of the South West Africa People's Organisation (SWAPO). It fought against the South African Defence Force (SADF) and South West African Territorial Force (SWATF) during the South African Border War. Throughout its history, PLAN had both irregular insurgent and semi-conventional units, as well as an extensive recruitment network in rural South West Africa (Namibia). During the war most of its domestic activities consisted of mine warfare and acts of sabotage. PLAN initially lacked any standing units, and the bulk of operations were carried out by political exiles who spent cyclical periods residing in refugee camps in neighbouring states before launching raids inside South West Africa itself. By the end of the war, PLAN ha (en)
  • O Exército Popular de Libertação da Namíbia (PLAN, do inglês: People's Liberation Army of Namibia) foi a ala militar da Organização do Povo do Sudoeste Africano (SWAPO). Lutou contra a Força de Defesa da África do Sul (SADF) e a Força Territorial do Sudoeste Africano (SWATF) durante a Guerra de Independência da Namíbia. Ao longo de sua história, o PLAN tinha unidades insurgentes e semi-convencionais irregulares, bem como uma extensa rede de recrutamento na zona rural do Sudoeste Africano (atual Namíbia). Durante a guerra, a maioria de suas atividades domésticas consistia em ataques com minas terrestres e atos de sabotagem. O PLAN inicialmente não dispunha de nenhuma unidade permanente, e a maior parte das operações foi realizada por exilados políticos que passaram períodos cíclicos residin (pt)
rdfs:label
  • جيش التحرير الشعبي الناميبي (ar)
  • Exèrcit Popular d'Alliberament de Namíbia (ca)
  • People’s Liberation Army of Namibia (de)
  • People's Liberation Army of Namibia (en)
  • Exército Popular de Libertação da Namíbia (pt)
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