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- Spindle diagram for the evolution of fish and other vertebrate classes. The diagram is based on Michael Benton, 2005. Conventional classification has living vertebrates as a subphylum grouped into eight classes based on traditional interpretations of gross anatomical and physiological traits. In turn, these classes are grouped into the vertebrates that have four limbs and those that do not: fish. The extant vertebrate classes are:
: Fish:
::* jawless fish
::* cartilaginous fish
::* ray-finned fish
::* lobe-finned fish
: Tetrapods:
::* amphibians
::* reptiles
::* birds
::* mammals
In addition to these are two classes of extinct jawed fish, the armoured placoderms and the spiny sharks. (en)
- The lancelet, a small, translucent, fish-like animal, is the closest living invertebrate relative of the olfactoreans . (en)
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