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Subject Item
dbr:International_response_to_the_Holocaust
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Risposte internazionali all'Olocausto ردود الفعل الدولية على الهولوكوست Réaction internationale à la Shoah International response to the Holocaust
rdfs:comment
Per risposte internazionali all'Olocausto si intendono le critiche mosse negli anni successivi all'Olocausto verso i più importanti governi nazionali, organismi internazionali e leader mondiali per non aver intrapreso azioni efficaci e appropriate per salvare le milioni di vittime tra ebrei europei, rom e le altre vittime dell'Olocausto. Dans les décennies suivant la Shoah, plusieurs gouvernements et organismes internationaux ont été critiqués pour leur incapacité à avoir pris les mesures appropriées pour sauver les millions d'Européens, Juifs, Roms et autres victimes de la Solution finale. Les critiques affirment que certaines interventions, notamment de la part des Alliés, auraient pu sauver un grand nombre de personnes sans détourner d'importantes ressources de l'effort de guerre. في العقود التي تلت حادثة الهولوكوست، تعرّضت بعض الحكومات الوطنية والهيئات الدولية والقيادات العالمية لانتقادات إثر فشلهم في اتخاذ الإجراءات المناسبة لإنقاذ ملايين اليهود الأوروبيين والغجر وضحايا آخرين من الهولوكوست. إذ صرّح النّقاد بأن هذا التّدخل، وخاصة من قبل حكومات الحلفاء، لربما كان يمكن أن ينقذ أعدادًا كبيرًة من الناس وكان من الممكن إنجازه دون تحويل موارد كبيرة من المجهود الحربي. في ثلاث حالات، اعترضت بلدان بأكملها ترحيل السكان اليهود أثناء الهولوكوست. في بلدان أخرى، شكّل أفراد أو مجتمعات جديرة بالذكر مقاومة أثناء الهولوكوست. In the decades since the Holocaust, some national governments, international bodies and world leaders have been criticized for their failure to take appropriate action to save the millions of European Jews, Roma, and other victims of the Holocaust. Critics say that such intervention, particularly by the Allied governments, might have saved substantial numbers of people and could have been accomplished without the diversion of significant resources from the war effort.
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Jews who were about to emigrate [… from Germany] had to obtain passports. At first, nothing in a passport indicated whether the bearer was a Jew. Apparently, no one thought of making any changes in passports issued to Jews or held by Jews until action was initiated by officials of a foreign country. That country was Switzerland.
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— Raul Hilberg
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dbo:abstract
في العقود التي تلت حادثة الهولوكوست، تعرّضت بعض الحكومات الوطنية والهيئات الدولية والقيادات العالمية لانتقادات إثر فشلهم في اتخاذ الإجراءات المناسبة لإنقاذ ملايين اليهود الأوروبيين والغجر وضحايا آخرين من الهولوكوست. إذ صرّح النّقاد بأن هذا التّدخل، وخاصة من قبل حكومات الحلفاء، لربما كان يمكن أن ينقذ أعدادًا كبيرًة من الناس وكان من الممكن إنجازه دون تحويل موارد كبيرة من المجهود الحربي. اعترض باحثون آخرون على هذا النقد. إذ جادل البعض بأن فكرة أن الحلفاء لم يتخذوا أي إجراء هي مجرد خرافة، ذلك أن الحلفاء قد استقبلوا أكبر عدد ممكن من المهاجرين اليهود الألمان كما سمح النازيون، وأن العمل العسكري غير العملي من قِبَل الحلفاء، مثل قصف معسكر اعتقال أوشفيتز، قد أنقذ حياة قلِّة قليلة من الناس. قال آخرون بأن المعلومات الاستخباراتية المحدودة المتاحة للحلفاء ـــ الذين لم يتمكنوا، حتى وقت متأخر من أكتوبر 1944، من معرفة مواقع العديد من معسكرات الإبادة النازية أو أهداف المباني المختلفة داخل تلك المعسكرات التي حدّدوها ـــ جعلت القصف الدقيق أمراً مستحيلاً. في ثلاث حالات، اعترضت بلدان بأكملها ترحيل السكان اليهود أثناء الهولوكوست. في بلدان أخرى، شكّل أفراد أو مجتمعات جديرة بالذكر مقاومة أثناء الهولوكوست. In the decades since the Holocaust, some national governments, international bodies and world leaders have been criticized for their failure to take appropriate action to save the millions of European Jews, Roma, and other victims of the Holocaust. Critics say that such intervention, particularly by the Allied governments, might have saved substantial numbers of people and could have been accomplished without the diversion of significant resources from the war effort. Other researchers have challenged such criticism. Some have argued that the idea that the Allies took no action is a myth—that the Allies accepted as many German Jewish immigrants as the Nazis would allow—and that theoretical military action by the Allies, such as bombing the Auschwitz concentration camp, would have saved the lives of very few people. Others have said that the limited intelligence available to the Allies—who, as late as October 1944, did not know the locations of many of the Nazi death camps or the purposes of the various buildings within those camps they had identified—made precision bombing impossible. Dans les décennies suivant la Shoah, plusieurs gouvernements et organismes internationaux ont été critiqués pour leur incapacité à avoir pris les mesures appropriées pour sauver les millions d'Européens, Juifs, Roms et autres victimes de la Solution finale. Les critiques affirment que certaines interventions, notamment de la part des Alliés, auraient pu sauver un grand nombre de personnes sans détourner d'importantes ressources de l'effort de guerre. D'autres, au contraire, font valoir que l'idée selon laquelle les Alliés n'aient pris aucune action n'est qu'un mythe, que les Alliés ont accepté autant d'immigrants juifs allemands que les nazis l'autorisaient, et que des actions militaires comme le bombardement d'Auschwitz auraient sauvé la vie de très peu de gens. D'autres enfin estiment que les renseignements à la disposition des Alliés, qui à la fin d'octobre 1944 ne connaissaient pas l'emplacement de la plupart des camps de la mort nazis, ne permettaient pas un bombardement précis. Per risposte internazionali all'Olocausto si intendono le critiche mosse negli anni successivi all'Olocausto verso i più importanti governi nazionali, organismi internazionali e leader mondiali per non aver intrapreso azioni efficaci e appropriate per salvare le milioni di vittime tra ebrei europei, rom e le altre vittime dell'Olocausto. I più critici affermano che tale intervento, in particolare da parte dei governi alleati, avrebbe potuto salvare un numero considerevole di persone e avrebbe potuto essere realizzato senza impiegare risorse significative destinate allo sforzo bellico. Altri ricercatori hanno contestato queste critiche, sostenendo che il pensiero per cui gli Alleati non hanno intrapreso alcuna azione sia un mito, che gli Alleati abbiano accettato tanti immigrati ebrei tedeschi quanti ne avevano consentito i nazisti, e che l'azione militare teorica degli Alleati, come il bombardamento del campo di concentramento di Auschwitz, avrebbe salvato la vita a pochissime persone. Altri invece affermano che le limitate informazioni a disposizione degli Alleati, che fino all'ottobre 1944 non conoscevano né l'ubicazione di molti campi di sterminio nazisti né destinazione d'uso dei vari edifici presenti all'interno dei campi identificati, abbiano reso impossibile un bombardamento di precisione.
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