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Statements

Subject Item
dbr:William_Stukeley
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William Stukeley ウィリアム・ステュークリ William Stukeley William Stukeley ويليام ستوكلي Стьюкли, Уильям William Stukeley William Stukeley William Stukeley William Stukeley William Stukeley William Stukeley
rdfs:comment
William Stukeley (Lincolnshire, 7 de novembro de 1687 – 3 de março de 1765) foi um clérigo anglicano e antiquário inglês que foi pioneiro na investigação arqueológica dos monumentos pré-históricos de Stonehenge e Avebury. Stukeley era amigo de Isaac Newton e estava entre os primeiros biógrafos de Newton. William Stukeley, (7 novembre 1687 - 3 mars 1765) est un antiquaire anglais, pionnier de la recherche archéologique sur les sites mégalithiques de Stonehenge et Avebury. Il a également composé une biographie d'Isaac Newton. William Stukeley, FRS, FRCP, FSA, (* 7. November 1687 in Holbeach, Lincolnshire; † 3. März 1765 in London) war ein britischer Altertumsforscher („Antiquar“) aus Yorkshire. Уильям Стьюкли, англ. William Stukeley (7 ноября 1687 — 3 марта 1765) — британский медик и учёный-антикварий, викарий из Стэмфорда, пионер археологических исследований Стоунхенджа и Эйвбери, один из основателей полевой археологии и первых биографов Исаака Ньютона. William Stukeley nació en 1687, estudió Medicina y en 1718 se convirtió en el primer secretario de la . Un año más tarde, visitó Stonehenge en Inglaterra y se enamoró de ese lugar. Stukeley estaba fascinado con los druidas, pero además quería ser uno de ellos. En 1730 cambió de carrera y se lo nombró Vicario de todos los Santos en Stamford. Desde ahí, incluyó sus ideas de la filosofía druídica a sus sermones, e incluso comenzó a firmar sus cartas como «Chyndonax, Druida del Monte Haemus». William Stukeley (Holbeach, 7 novembre 1687 – Kentish Town, 3 marzo 1765) è stato un antiquario, medico e sacerdote inglese.Ebbe un'influenza significativa sul successivo sviluppo dell'archeologia, aprendo la strada all'indagine accademica dei monumenti preistorici di Stonehenge e Avebury nel Wiltshire. Il 6 gennaio 1721 fu elevato al grado massonico di Maestro nella Loggia che si riuniva presso la Salutation Tavern a Londra. William Stukeley, född 7 november 1687 i Holbeach i Lincolnshire, död 3 mars 1765, var en engelsk antikvarie som gjorde banbrytande arkeologiska undersökningar vid Stonehenge och Avebury. Han föddes som son till en advokat. Stukeley var vän med Isaac Newton och utgav anteckningar om dennes liv (1752). Helt och hållet kunde inte ens denna engelska antikvarie hålla sig från spekulationer. Han drog slutsatser som höll sig till fantasins värld. William Stukeley (ur. 7 listopada 1687 w Holbeach w hrabstwie Lincolnshire, zm. 3 marca 1765 w Londynie) – angielski lekarz, duchowny anglikański, badacz starożytności. كان ويليام ستوكلي (بالإنجليزية: William Stukeley)‏ عالم الآثار إنجليزي وأحد مؤسسي علم الآثار الميداني، الذي كان رائدا في التحقيق في ستونهنج. ولد ويليام ستوكلي في هول بيتش في لينكولنشاير، ودرس الطب في جامعة كامبريدج. في حين لا يزال طالبا بدأ صنع الرسومات الطبوغرافية والمعمارية وكذلك لة اسكتشات في القطع الأثرية التاريخية. وتابع هذا إلى جانب مهنته كطبيب، ونشرت نتائج رحلاته في جميع أنحاء بريطانيا في "Itinerarium Curiosum" في 1724. قد يكون تدريبه الطبي الذي أعطاه العين الحادة له للمراقبة التفصيلية توفي ويليام ستوكلي في لندن يوم 3 مارس 1765. ウィリアム・ステュークリ (William Stukeley FRS, FRCP, FSA, 1687年11月7日 - 1765年3月3日) はイギリスの医師、牧師、好古家。ストーンヘンジやエーヴベリーといった先史時代の遺跡の考古学的調査を先駆けた。古代の遺跡を自ら訪れ調べたことで「おそらく考古学の訓練をした初期の先駆者として最も重要である」 といわれている。国教会での地位をドルイドの考えへの興味と結び付け、フリーメイソンにも盛んに参加した。チャールズ・バートラムの偽書・Description of Britainをイギリスの歴史学者の間に拡散させてしまったことでも知られる。アイザック・ニュートンの友人の1人であり、ニュートンの初期の伝記作家の1人である。 William STUKELEY membro de la Reĝa Societo de Londono (7a Novembro 1687 – 3a Marto 1765) estis angla antikvaĵisto kaj pioniro de arkeologia priserĉado de prahistoriaj monumentoj de Stonehenge kaj Avebury, laboro prr kiu li estis memorita kiel "probable... la plej grava el la fruaj pioniroj de la fako arkeologio". Stukeley estis ankaŭ unu el unuaj biografistoj de Isaac Newton, kies amiko li estis. Li estis ankaŭ anglikana pastro. William Stukeley FRS FSA (7 November 1687 – 3 March 1765) was an English antiquarian, physician and Anglican clergyman. A significant influence on the later development of archaeology, he pioneered the scholarly investigation of the prehistoric monuments of Stonehenge and Avebury in Wiltshire. He published over twenty books on archaeology and other subjects during his lifetime.
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dbp:1a
Piggott Haycock
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70 88 98 100 114 6 27 30 28 29 42 41 45 34 35 32 39 60 49 53 142 130 133 151 75 76 77
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126 107 42 28 129 5355 124
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2002 1985
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Hutton Haycock
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167 175 189 190 191 224 225 231 232 235 250 30 32 33 42 44 45 46 47 49 72 105 110 117 385 382
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191 43 4650 124128 130 129
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2005 2002
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Hutton
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384 385
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2005
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1687-11-07
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Portrait attributed to Richard Collins
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1765-03-03
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dbr:Archaeology
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1051
dbp:quote
In Stukeley we see, thanks to a remarkable volume of evidence, the eighteenth-century antiquary larger than life-size. He is unrepresentative and yet representative: individual, eccentric, an 'original' but with all his characteristics no more than a slight exaggeration of those of his fellow antiquaries. He is almost a corporate sum of his contemporaries, with all their achievements and their intellectual crotchets concentrated and magnified in one man. Tied to a view of antiquity that dealt in thousands rather than millions of years, dedicated to a religious struggle he considered fundamental to the survival of society as he knew it, Stukeley's view of the past inevitably eventually became outdated. Yet so confident was he in his standpoint, that even when it came under increasing scrutiny in the final years of his life, he refused to waver.
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right
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— David Boyd Haycock, 2002 — Stuart Piggott, 1985
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25 55
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25
dbp:wstitle
Stukeley, William
dbo:abstract
William Stukeley (Holbeach, 7 novembre 1687 – Kentish Town, 3 marzo 1765) è stato un antiquario, medico e sacerdote inglese.Ebbe un'influenza significativa sul successivo sviluppo dell'archeologia, aprendo la strada all'indagine accademica dei monumenti preistorici di Stonehenge e Avebury nel Wiltshire. Il 6 gennaio 1721 fu elevato al grado massonico di Maestro nella Loggia che si riuniva presso la Salutation Tavern a Londra. William Stukeley, född 7 november 1687 i Holbeach i Lincolnshire, död 3 mars 1765, var en engelsk antikvarie som gjorde banbrytande arkeologiska undersökningar vid Stonehenge och Avebury. Han föddes som son till en advokat. Stukeley var vän med Isaac Newton och utgav anteckningar om dennes liv (1752). William Stukeley var en av de tidiga fornforskarna som förde arkeologin framåt som ämne, men som ändå samtidigt kunde lägga fram helt sanslösa idéer om arkeologiska spörsmål. Han var en god iakttagare av diverse fornminnen. Ännu under upplysningstidens inledningsskede var det vanligt att gemene man gav okända ting övernaturliga förklaringar, men han kunde bland annat förklara att de geometriska konturerna som engelska bönder iakttog i sina åkrar var under jord kvarvarande byggnadsgrunder. Han hade ett typologiskt arbetssätt, men det gällde ej artefakter, utan minnesmärken av olika slag. Dessa sammanförde han i olika grupper, beroende av form, för att eventuellt kunna tidsbestämma dem relativt och också hoppas hitta någon information om dem i det knappa skrivna material som berörde tiden före romarnas erövring av England och Wales. Det han är mest känd för är de banbrytande arkeologiska undersökningarna vid Avebury, Silbury Hill och Stonehenge i England. Praktiskt var hans tillvägagångssätt att studera stratigrafin (byggnadslager) i olika slags gravhögar och kunde av utgrävningsresultatet fastslå att alla ovan tre nämnda namnkunniga engelska fornminnena var förromerska. Detta bekräftades också av flera romerska vägar gick igenom gravhögar, medan vid Silbury Hill, den största konstgjorda kullen i Europa, så gick den romerska vägen en omväg runt kullen för dess omfång hade varit alldeles för arbetsam att genombryta då vägen utstakades. Genom att jämföra förvittringen mellan Avebury och Stonehenge, kom han fram till att det förra stället hade förvittrat mer och därmed måste vara äldre. Helt och hållet kunde inte ens denna engelska antikvarie hålla sig från spekulationer. Han drog slutsatser som höll sig till fantasins värld. Denna jämförande arkeologi, som bland annat Stukeleys dotter Anna förde vidare som arv från fadern genom att jämföra en förromersk ristning i sten med förhistoriska mynt och därmed kunde fastställa dess kronologiska ålder, förebådade sådana som dansken Christian Jürgensen Thomsen och svensken Oscar Montelius. Ett stort antal fornforskare, bland annat i Skandinavien och Storbritannien verkade på 1700-talet, tyvärr saknade de en sammanhängande teori, metodmässigt var de också svaga jämfört med arkeologerna på 1800-talet. Dock började enskilda fornforskare som Stukeley rita ut konturerna till det som i början av 1800-talet växte till en vetenskaplig arkeologi. William Stukeley, (7 novembre 1687 - 3 mars 1765) est un antiquaire anglais, pionnier de la recherche archéologique sur les sites mégalithiques de Stonehenge et Avebury. Il a également composé une biographie d'Isaac Newton. Уильям Стьюкли, англ. William Stukeley (7 ноября 1687 — 3 марта 1765) — британский медик и учёный-антикварий, викарий из Стэмфорда, пионер археологических исследований Стоунхенджа и Эйвбери, один из основателей полевой археологии и первых биографов Исаака Ньютона. William Stukeley (ur. 7 listopada 1687 w Holbeach w hrabstwie Lincolnshire, zm. 3 marca 1765 w Londynie) – angielski lekarz, duchowny anglikański, badacz starożytności. ウィリアム・ステュークリ (William Stukeley FRS, FRCP, FSA, 1687年11月7日 - 1765年3月3日) はイギリスの医師、牧師、好古家。ストーンヘンジやエーヴベリーといった先史時代の遺跡の考古学的調査を先駆けた。古代の遺跡を自ら訪れ調べたことで「おそらく考古学の訓練をした初期の先駆者として最も重要である」 といわれている。国教会での地位をドルイドの考えへの興味と結び付け、フリーメイソンにも盛んに参加した。チャールズ・バートラムの偽書・Description of Britainをイギリスの歴史学者の間に拡散させてしまったことでも知られる。アイザック・ニュートンの友人の1人であり、ニュートンの初期の伝記作家の1人である。 William Stukeley, FRS, FRCP, FSA, (* 7. November 1687 in Holbeach, Lincolnshire; † 3. März 1765 in London) war ein britischer Altertumsforscher („Antiquar“) aus Yorkshire. كان ويليام ستوكلي (بالإنجليزية: William Stukeley)‏ عالم الآثار إنجليزي وأحد مؤسسي علم الآثار الميداني، الذي كان رائدا في التحقيق في ستونهنج. ولد ويليام ستوكلي في هول بيتش في لينكولنشاير، ودرس الطب في جامعة كامبريدج. في حين لا يزال طالبا بدأ صنع الرسومات الطبوغرافية والمعمارية وكذلك لة اسكتشات في القطع الأثرية التاريخية. وتابع هذا إلى جانب مهنته كطبيب، ونشرت نتائج رحلاته في جميع أنحاء بريطانيا في "Itinerarium Curiosum" في 1724. قد يكون تدريبه الطبي الذي أعطاه العين الحادة له للمراقبة التفصيلية في 1718، أصبح السكرتير الأول للجمعية خبراء الآثار في لندن. وتضمنت نشاطاته في مجال الحفريات في ستونهنج وأيفبري، والنتائج التي نشرت في كتابين في عام 1740 و 1743.و كان مهتما في جوانب أخرى من تاريخ بريطانيا، بما في ذلك قصة روبن هود، وكتب الموسيقى لفلوت وأنتج اطروحات عن الزلازل والموضوعات الطبية. في 1730 تم تعينة باسم النائب على جميع كنائس القديسين في ستامفورد في لينكولنشاير. توفي ويليام ستوكلي في لندن يوم 3 مارس 1765. William Stukeley nació en 1687, estudió Medicina y en 1718 se convirtió en el primer secretario de la . Un año más tarde, visitó Stonehenge en Inglaterra y se enamoró de ese lugar. Stukeley estaba fascinado con los druidas, pero además quería ser uno de ellos. En 1730 cambió de carrera y se lo nombró Vicario de todos los Santos en Stamford. Desde ahí, incluyó sus ideas de la filosofía druídica a sus sermones, e incluso comenzó a firmar sus cartas como «Chyndonax, Druida del Monte Haemus». William STUKELEY membro de la Reĝa Societo de Londono (7a Novembro 1687 – 3a Marto 1765) estis angla antikvaĵisto kaj pioniro de arkeologia priserĉado de prahistoriaj monumentoj de Stonehenge kaj Avebury, laboro prr kiu li estis memorita kiel "probable... la plej grava el la fruaj pioniroj de la fako arkeologio". Stukeley estis ankaŭ unu el unuaj biografistoj de Isaac Newton, kies amiko li estis. Li estis ankaŭ anglikana pastro. Interesita en la novmoda organizo de Framasonismo, li mem ekpriskribis sin kiel "druido", kaj malĝuste kredis ke la prahistoriaj megalitaj monumentoj estis parto de la druida religio. Tamen, spite tion li famiĝis kiel grava figuro en la komenca disvolviĝo de la moderna movado konata kiel Druidismo. Li enkondukis la vorton trilito. William Stukeley (Lincolnshire, 7 de novembro de 1687 – 3 de março de 1765) foi um clérigo anglicano e antiquário inglês que foi pioneiro na investigação arqueológica dos monumentos pré-históricos de Stonehenge e Avebury. Stukeley era amigo de Isaac Newton e estava entre os primeiros biógrafos de Newton. William Stukeley FRS FSA (7 November 1687 – 3 March 1765) was an English antiquarian, physician and Anglican clergyman. A significant influence on the later development of archaeology, he pioneered the scholarly investigation of the prehistoric monuments of Stonehenge and Avebury in Wiltshire. He published over twenty books on archaeology and other subjects during his lifetime. Born in Holbeach, Lincolnshire, as the son of a lawyer, Stukeley worked in his father's law business before attending Bene't College, Cambridge. In 1709 he began studying medicine at St Thomas' Hospital, Southwark, before working as a general practitioner in Boston, Lincolnshire. From 1710 till 1725 he embarked on annual tours of the countryside, seeking out archaeological monuments and other features that interested him; he wrote up and published several accounts of his travels. In 1717, he returned to London and established himself within the city's antiquarian circles. In 1718 he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society and became the first secretary of the Society of Antiquaries of London. In 1721 he became a Freemason and in 1722 co-founded the Society of Roman Knights, an organisation devoted to the study of Roman Britain. In the early 1720s, Stukeley developed a particular interest in Stonehenge and Avebury, two prehistoric stone circles in Wiltshire. He visited them repeatedly, undertaking fieldwork to determine their dimensions. In 1726 Stukeley relocated to Grantham, Lincolnshire, where he married. In 1729 he was ordained as a cleric in the Church of England and appointed vicar of All Saints' Church in Stamford, Lincolnshire. He was a friend of the Archbishop of Canterbury William Wake, who encouraged him to use his antiquarian studies to combat the growth of deism and freethought in Britain. To this end, Stukeley developed the belief that Britain's ancient druids had followed a monotheistic religion inherited from the Biblical Patriarchs; he called this druidic religion "Patriarchal Christianity". He further argued that the druids had erected the stone circles as part of serpentine monuments symbolising the Trinity. In 1747 he returned to London as rector of St George the Martyr, Holborn. In the last part of his life, he became instrumental in British scholarship's acceptance of Charles Bertram's forged Description of Britain and wrote one of the earliest biographies of his friend, Isaac Newton. Stukeley's ideas influenced various antiquaries throughout the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, in addition to artists like William Blake, although these had been largely rejected by archaeologists by the second half of the nineteenth century. He is nevertheless regarded as an important forerunner of archaeology for his emphasis on methodically measuring and documenting ancient sites. He has since become the subject of multiple biographies and academic studies by scholars like Stuart Piggott, David Boyd Haycock and Ronald Hutton.
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