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- El Programa de Colaboración Estatal del Departamento de Defensa (SPP) es un programa del departamento de defensa de los Estados Unidos manejado por la guardia nacional, que asocia estados de dicho país con diversos países del mundo con el propósito de sostener los objetivos de cooperación del Comando geográfico de Combatientes Unificado (CCMDs) Uniendo estados de EE.UU. con países asociados designados, el SPP apunta a promover el acceso, mejorar capacidades militares, mejorar operabilidad conjunta y mejorar los principios de gobernabilidad responsable. Además, el SPP apunta a apoyar diversas áreas de potencial interés para el congreso de los Estados Unidos, por ejemplo:
* Ayudar en la prevención de estados fallidos y en la creación de regiones estables.
* Mejorar las capacidades de las naciones asociadas para proteger sus ciudadanos
* Fortalecer relaciones para facilitar el acceso y la operación conjunta.
* Mejorar la conciencia cultural y las habilidades entre en personal militar de Estados Unidos.
* Fomentar la integración de las fuerzas activas y de reserva en una "fuerza total" Todas las actividades del Programa de Colaboración Estatal del Departamento de Defensa son cordinadas por el Comando de Combatientes Unificado, los equipos de embajadores nacionales de los Estados Unidos, los estados asociados y otras agencias cuando apropiado, para asegurar que el apoyo de la Guardia Nacional esté orientado a satisfacer los objetivos de los Estados Unidos y los países miembro. Específicamente, todas las actividades deben satisfacer el Plan de Campaña, así como también las misiones individuales de los embajadores norteamericanos en los países donde operan. El carácter civil-militar único de la Guardia Nacional permite la participación activa en un amplio rango de actividades de seguridad en cooperación. Por ejemplo:
* Gestión de emergencias y respuesta frente a desastres.
* Seguridad fronteriza y portuaria.
* Liderazgo y desarrollo de Operaciones Centradas en Redes
* Capacidades médicas.
* Seguridad económica.
* Protección de recursos naturales.
* Operaciones de mantenimiento de la paz.
* Contrarrestar el tráfico.
* Contener la proliferación.
* Contraterrorismo. (es)
- The State Partnership Program (SPP) is a joint program of the United States Department of Defense (DoD) and the individual states, territories, and District of Columbia. The program and the concept are entirely new, originating in 1993 as a simplified form of the previously established (1992) Joint Contact Team Program (JCTP). The JCTP aimed at assisting former Warsaw Pact and Soviet Union Republics, now independent, to form democracies and defense forces of their own. It featured long-term presence of extensive and expensive teams of advisory specialists. The SPP shortened the advisory presence to a United States National Guard unit of a designated state, called a partner, which would conduct joint exercises with the host. It is cheaper, has a lesser American presence, and can comprise contacts with civilian agencies. Today both programs are funded. The SPP is widespread. The JCTP is recommended when more extensive support is needed. Sometimes the names are interchangeable. A large share of originally JCTP activity was subsumed by the NATO Partnership for Peace (PfP) program made active in 1994. It prepares nations for membership in NATO. A typical path for a candidate has been SPP, PfP and then NATO. Once started, SPP activities appear to continue regardless of what other memberships a host nation may have. By nature the program creates close friends and allies. Previously, and currently outside the program, the Guard was and is subject to a jurisdictional duality: it can be either Federally active or not. If inactive it is a reserve component only of the DoD. Its main function is as a state militia under the command of the Governor through the Adjutant General of the state or equivalent officer of the Territory or D.C. If active, it is entirely out of the jurisdiction of the state and under the DoD, which might or might not keep its original identity, but more likely plunders it for replacements or special units of the Regular Army or Air Force. In the SPP, the State (or territory, etc.) and the DoD collaborate in the deployment of the unit, through the National Guard Bureau, and the Adjutant General of the State. The unit keeps its State identity. In the words of one source, it is "managed by the National Guard Bureau, but executed by the states." In that case there is collaboration between the state Adjutant General and the commander in the field. The "partners" of the partnerships are the Guard units of various states and foreign nations that have requested and been granted partnerships. The program links National Guard units of U.S. States with partner countries around the world for the purpose of supporting the security cooperation objectives of the geographic Combatant Commands (CCMDs). It is not quite so cut-and-dried as pure security. There are quite a number of crisis relief and humanitarian activities. (en)
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- El Programa de Colaboración Estatal del Departamento de Defensa (SPP) es un programa del departamento de defensa de los Estados Unidos manejado por la guardia nacional, que asocia estados de dicho país con diversos países del mundo con el propósito de sostener los objetivos de cooperación del Comando geográfico de Combatientes Unificado (CCMDs) Uniendo estados de EE.UU. con países asociados designados, el SPP apunta a promover el acceso, mejorar capacidades militares, mejorar operabilidad conjunta y mejorar los principios de gobernabilidad responsable. (es)
- The State Partnership Program (SPP) is a joint program of the United States Department of Defense (DoD) and the individual states, territories, and District of Columbia. The program and the concept are entirely new, originating in 1993 as a simplified form of the previously established (1992) Joint Contact Team Program (JCTP). The JCTP aimed at assisting former Warsaw Pact and Soviet Union Republics, now independent, to form democracies and defense forces of their own. It featured long-term presence of extensive and expensive teams of advisory specialists. The SPP shortened the advisory presence to a United States National Guard unit of a designated state, called a partner, which would conduct joint exercises with the host. It is cheaper, has a lesser American presence, and can comprise co (en)
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