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Early European Farmers (EEF), First European Farmers (FEF), Neolithic European Farmers, Ancient Aegean Farmers, or Anatolian Neolithic Farmers (ANF) are names used to describe a distinct group of early Neolithic farmers who brought agriculture to Europe. Although the spread of agriculture from the Middle East to Europe has long been recognised through archaeology, it is only recent advances in archaeogenetics that have confirmed that this spread was strongly correlated with a migration of these farmers, and was not just a cultural exchange.

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  • Early European Farmers (EEF), First European Farmers (FEF), Neolithic European Farmers, Ancient Aegean Farmers, or Anatolian Neolithic Farmers (ANF) are names used to describe a distinct group of early Neolithic farmers who brought agriculture to Europe. Although the spread of agriculture from the Middle East to Europe has long been recognised through archaeology, it is only recent advances in archaeogenetics that have confirmed that this spread was strongly correlated with a migration of these farmers, and was not just a cultural exchange. The Early European Farmers moved into Europe through the Balkans starting some 9,000 years ago, and gradually spread north and westwards. Genetic studies have confirmed that they interbred somewhat with the existing inhabitants of the region, the Western Hunter-Gatherers (WHGs) and they coexisted and traded in some locales, although evidence suggests that the relationship was not always peaceful. Over the course of the next 4,000 years or so, Europe was transformed into agricultural communities, and WHGs were displaced to the margins. During the Chalcolithic and early Bronze Age, the Early European Farmer cultures were overwhelmed by new migrations from a group identified as Western Steppe Herders (WSHs) or Yamnaya. Yamnaya culture is associated with the spread of Indo-European languages, and so the group are sometimes known as Proto-Indo-Europeans. Once again the populations interbred and EEF ancestry is common in modern European populations. (en)
  • Les premiers agriculteurs européens (en anglais, Early European Farmers, ou EEF) sont, en archéogénétique, une population ancestrale constituée des agriculteurs d'Anatolie occidentale qui se sont étendus vers la Grèce au VIIe millénaire av. J.-C., puis vers le reste de l'Europe. Leur patrimoine génétique est une composante majeure du patrimoine génétique des Européens modernes. Ces premiers fermiers européens étaient grâce à l'agriculture bien plus nombreux que les chasseurs-cueilleurs du Mésolithique, qu'ils ont largement remplacés à travers l'Europe, avec néanmoins quelques échanges génétiques à différents moments de leur expansion. Seules les populations du Nord-Est de l'Europe (pays baltes et Russie du Nord) ont conservé une proportion significative de gènes issus des chasseurs-cueilleurs locaux. (fr)
  • In archeogenetica, i termini Early European Farmers (EEF), First European Farmers (FEF), Neolithic European Farmers o Ancient Aegean Farmers (ANF) sono nomi dati a una distinta componente ancestrale che rappresenta la discendenza dai primi agricoltori neolitici dell'Europa. Si ritiene che gli antenati degli EEF si siano separati dai cacciatori-raccoglitori occidentali (WHG) intorno al 43.000 a.C. e che si siano separati dai cacciatori-raccoglitori caucasici (CHG) intorno al 23.000 a.C. Gli EEF migrarono in gran numero dall'Anatolia ai Balcani durante il VII millennio a.C., dove rimpiazzarono quasi completamente i WHG, importando la rivoluzione neolitica. Nei Balcani, gli EEF si divisero in due rami, che si espansero più a ovest in Europa lungo il Danubio (cultura della ceramica lineare) e nel Mediterraneo occidentale (Cultura della ceramica cardiale). Tuttavia, gran parte dell'Europa settentrionale e dell'Europa orientale non vennero colonizzate dagli EEF. Durante il Neolitico medio ci fu una rinascita in gran parte maschile di ascendenza WHG tra molte comunità derivate da EEF. Durante il Calcolitico e la prima età del bronzo, le culture europee derivanti dagli EEF furono sopraffatte dalle successive invasioni di pastori delle steppe occidentali (WSH) dalla steppa del Mar Caspio, che erano cacciatori-raccoglitori orientali (EHG) con possibile mescolanza di CHG. L'ascendenza EEF rimane in tutta Europa, variando da circa il 60% vicino al Mar Mediterraneo (con un picco del 65% nell'isola di Sardegna) e diminuendo verso nord a circa il 30% intorno al Mar Baltico. (it)
  • Em arqueogenética, os termo antigos agricultores europeus (EEF em sua sigla em inglês) é o nome dado a um componente ancestral distinto que representa a descendência dos primeiros agricultores neolíticos da Europa. (pt)
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  • Em arqueogenética, os termo antigos agricultores europeus (EEF em sua sigla em inglês) é o nome dado a um componente ancestral distinto que representa a descendência dos primeiros agricultores neolíticos da Europa. (pt)
  • Early European Farmers (EEF), First European Farmers (FEF), Neolithic European Farmers, Ancient Aegean Farmers, or Anatolian Neolithic Farmers (ANF) are names used to describe a distinct group of early Neolithic farmers who brought agriculture to Europe. Although the spread of agriculture from the Middle East to Europe has long been recognised through archaeology, it is only recent advances in archaeogenetics that have confirmed that this spread was strongly correlated with a migration of these farmers, and was not just a cultural exchange. (en)
  • Les premiers agriculteurs européens (en anglais, Early European Farmers, ou EEF) sont, en archéogénétique, une population ancestrale constituée des agriculteurs d'Anatolie occidentale qui se sont étendus vers la Grèce au VIIe millénaire av. J.-C., puis vers le reste de l'Europe. Leur patrimoine génétique est une composante majeure du patrimoine génétique des Européens modernes. (fr)
  • In archeogenetica, i termini Early European Farmers (EEF), First European Farmers (FEF), Neolithic European Farmers o Ancient Aegean Farmers (ANF) sono nomi dati a una distinta componente ancestrale che rappresenta la discendenza dai primi agricoltori neolitici dell'Europa. Durante il Calcolitico e la prima età del bronzo, le culture europee derivanti dagli EEF furono sopraffatte dalle successive invasioni di pastori delle steppe occidentali (WSH) dalla steppa del Mar Caspio, che erano cacciatori-raccoglitori orientali (EHG) con possibile mescolanza di CHG. (it)
rdfs:label
  • Early European Farmers (en)
  • Premiers agriculteurs européens (fr)
  • Primi agricoltori europei (it)
  • 초기 유럽 농경민 (ko)
  • Primeiros agricultores europeus (pt)
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