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Zephaniah Kingsley Jr. (December 4, 1765 – September 14, 1843) was a Quaker, born in England, who moved as a child with his family to South Carolina, and became a planter, slave trader, and merchant. He built several plantations in the Spanish colony of Florida near what is now Jacksonville, Florida. He served on the Florida Territorial Council after Florida was acquired by the United States in 1821. Kingsley Plantation, which he owned and where he lived for 25 years, has been preserved as part of the Timucuan Ecological and Historic Preserve, run by the United States National Park Service. He then moved with his large family to a vanished plantation, Mayorasgo de Koka, in what was then Haiti but soon became part of the Dominican Republic.

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  • Zephaniah Kingsley, Jr., (4 de diciembre de 1765 – 14 de septiembre de 1843) fue un terrateniente y comerciante de esclavos, propietario de varias plantaciones en la colonia española de la Florida, cerca de lo que ahora es Jacksonville. Sirvió sin éxito, intentando cambiar el tratamiento de esclavos, en el Consejo Territorial de la Florida después de que la antigua posesión española fuera adquirida por los Estados Unidos en 1821. De nacimiento inglés, Kingsley cambió de nacionalidad varias veces, según sus interesses comerciales. Una plantación de la que fue propietario y en la que vivió durante 25 años se conserva como la Plantación Kingsley, y forma parte parte de la Reserva Ecológica e Histórica de Timucuan, dirigida por el Servicio de Parques Nacionales de los Estados Unidos. Su gran plantación en lo que entonces era Haití y es ahora la República Dominicana, (en), apenas se recuerda en Cabarete, su descendiente moderno. Propietario de esclavos hasta cierto punto benevolente, y defensor de la esclavidad como benéfica a la nación, dio a sus esclavos la oportunidad de ganar su libertad. Se casó con un total de cuatro mujeres esclavas, practicando la poligamia. Su primera esposa, Anna Madgigine Jai Kingsley, era una muchacha esclava de 13 años cuando Kingsley la compró en Cuba. Era su esposa ante la ley, y cuando estaba de viaje de negocios confiaba en ella para encargarse de su plantación. Con sus esposas tuvo un total de nueve hijos mestizos, ocupándose de su educación y de que pudieran recibir en herencia sus propiedades. Su familia interracial hizo que Kingsley fuera partidario del sistema social imperante en las colonias españolas y francesas, donde había una clase de personas de color libres y se permitía que los hijos mestizos heredasen las propiedades de sus padres, algo entonces impensable en las antiguas colonias británicas. Kingsley se involucró en la política cuando el control de la Florida pasó de España a los Estados Unidos en 1821. Trató de persuadir al nuevo gobierno territorial para mantener el estatus especial de los negros libres de la población. Sin éxito, en 1828 publicó un tratado que defendía un sistema de esclavitud que permitiera a los esclavos comprar su libertad y diese derechos a los negros libertos y a la gente de color libre. Enfrentado con las leyes estadounidenses que prohibían el matrimonio interracial, trasladó a su gran familia a Haití entre 1835 y 1837. Después de su muerte, sus propiedades en la Florida fueron objeto de disputa entre su viuda Anna Jai y otros miembros de la familia Kingsley. (es)
  • Zephaniah Kingsley Jr. (December 4, 1765 – September 14, 1843) was a Quaker, born in England, who moved as a child with his family to South Carolina, and became a planter, slave trader, and merchant. He built several plantations in the Spanish colony of Florida near what is now Jacksonville, Florida. He served on the Florida Territorial Council after Florida was acquired by the United States in 1821. Kingsley Plantation, which he owned and where he lived for 25 years, has been preserved as part of the Timucuan Ecological and Historic Preserve, run by the United States National Park Service. He then moved with his large family to a vanished plantation, Mayorasgo de Koka, in what was then Haiti but soon became part of the Dominican Republic. In his will, Kingsley called himself a planter, but he was first and foremost a slave merchant, and proud to be one. He owned and captained slave ships, and was actively involved in the transport and enslavement of Africans. A document of 1802 records his arrival at Havana as First Officer of the Superior with 250 Africans, and another of 1808, 60 slaves to a Spanish land grant. "Exercising discrimination in selection at the source, practicing the most considerate and effective methods and policies in their training, and providing for their pleasure and comfort with shrewd foresight, as well as for humanitarian reasons, he offered to the public slaves which were strong in mind, wind and limb. By this providential care, he was enabled to ask and receive an average of fifty per cent above the market for ordinary slaves." He was a relatively lenient slaveholder who respected slave families and allowed his enslaved a freedom not routine: the opportunity to hire themselves out when their work was completed, and eventually purchase their freedom. Kingsley's main business in Florida was providing a ready supply of well-trained slaves who were smuggled by or to planters of Georgia and South Carolina. This, plus his "interracial" family, resulted in Kingsley's being deeply invested in the Spanish system of slavery and society. As in the French colonies, certain rights were provided to a class of free people of color, and children of female slaves were allowed to inherit property from their white fathers. "In the Spanish Floridas free people of color...enjoyed tremendously elevated status when compared to virtually any other person of African descent in North America." Kingsley casually changed nationalities based on which would most help his slave trading enterprises. Born British, at different moments in his life he swore allegiance to the United States, Spain (Spanish Florida), and Denmark. At his death his nationality was Haitian. (en)
dbo:birthDate
  • 1765-12-04 (xsd:date)
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  • 1765-01-01 (xsd:gYear)
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  • 1843-09-14 (xsd:date)
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  • 1843-01-01 (xsd:gYear)
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  • MemberFlorida Territorial Council (en)
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  • 1765-12-04 (xsd:date)
dbp:birthPlace
dbp:children
  • 11 (xsd:integer)
dbp:citizenship
  • United Kingdom , United States , Denmark , Spain , Haiti (en)
dbp:deathDate
  • 1843-09-14 (xsd:date)
dbp:deathPlace
  • New York City, US (en)
dbp:family
dbp:knownFor
  • Promoted and practiced mixed marriage as step toward ending slavery (en)
dbp:name
  • Zephaniah Kingsley (en)
dbp:notableWorks
  • A treatise on the patriarchal, or co-operative system of society as it exists in some governments, and colonies in American, and in the United States under the name of slavery, with its necessity and advantages, 1828 (en)
dbp:occupation
  • Slave trader (en)
dbp:relatives
  • Grandnephew James Whistler (en)
dbp:spouses
  • Polygamous. He had four wives, or concubines, none with a Christian marriage, although he claimed to have married Anna outside the U.S., in an African ceremony. Legal wife : Anna Kingsley. Common-law wives, co-wives, or concubines: Flora Kingsley, Sarah Murphy, and Munsilna McGundo (en)
dbp:title
  • Member Florida Territorial Council (en)
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rdfs:comment
  • Zephaniah Kingsley, Jr., (4 de diciembre de 1765 – 14 de septiembre de 1843) fue un terrateniente y comerciante de esclavos, propietario de varias plantaciones en la colonia española de la Florida, cerca de lo que ahora es Jacksonville. Sirvió sin éxito, intentando cambiar el tratamiento de esclavos, en el Consejo Territorial de la Florida después de que la antigua posesión española fuera adquirida por los Estados Unidos en 1821. De nacimiento inglés, Kingsley cambió de nacionalidad varias veces, según sus interesses comerciales. (es)
  • Zephaniah Kingsley Jr. (December 4, 1765 – September 14, 1843) was a Quaker, born in England, who moved as a child with his family to South Carolina, and became a planter, slave trader, and merchant. He built several plantations in the Spanish colony of Florida near what is now Jacksonville, Florida. He served on the Florida Territorial Council after Florida was acquired by the United States in 1821. Kingsley Plantation, which he owned and where he lived for 25 years, has been preserved as part of the Timucuan Ecological and Historic Preserve, run by the United States National Park Service. He then moved with his large family to a vanished plantation, Mayorasgo de Koka, in what was then Haiti but soon became part of the Dominican Republic. (en)
rdfs:label
  • Zephaniah Kingsley (en)
  • Zephaniah Kingsley (es)
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  • Zephaniah Kingsley (en)
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