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The two-gospel hypothesis or Griesbach hypothesis is that the Gospel of Matthew was written before the Gospel of Luke, and that both were written earlier than the Gospel of Mark. It is a proposed solution to the synoptic problem, which concerns the pattern of similarities and differences between the three Gospels of Matthew, Mark, and Luke. The hypothesis is generally first credited to Johann Jakob Griesbach writing in the 1780s; it was introduced in its current form by William R. Farmer in 1964 and given its current designation of two-gospel hypothesis in 1979.

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  • Die Zwei-Evangelien-Theorie (oder: Griesbachhypothese, englisch two-gospel hypothesis) ist ein Lösungsvorschlag für das Synoptische Problem. Sie wurde zuerst vom walisischen Theologen Henry Owen formuliert. Möglicherweise hat Johann Jakob Griesbach Owens Überlegungen aufgegriffen und sie in seine Theorie von 1776 einfließen lassen. Die Theorie in der heutigen Form wurde 1964 von William R. Farmer aufgestellt. Die Zwei-Evangelien-Hypothese ist beispielsweise neben der Farrerhypothese und der Zweiquellentheorie eine weitere Variante der so genannten Benutzungshypothese zur Entstehung der synoptischen Evangelien und hat vor allem in den USA eine gewisse Popularität erlangt. Ihre Hauptvorteile gegenüber der Zweiquellentheorie bestehen darin, dass sie weitgehend mit den drei synoptischen Evangelientexten arbeitet, keine verlorene weitere, nur rekonstruierbare Quelle braucht (wie etwa bei der Logienquelle Q) und teilweise im Einklang mit überlieferten Texten verschiedener Kirchenväter ab dem 2. Jh. n. Chr. steht. Sie geht davon aus, dass verschiedene traditionelle Darstellungen der Evangelien bezüglich Reihenfolge, Veröffentlichung und Verfasserschaft zutreffend sind. (de)
  • Hipotesis Griesbach adalah sebuah solusi awal abad ke-19 terhadap masalah sinoptik. Hipotesis ini mengutamakan Injil Matius, menggambarkan bahwa Injil Lukas didasarkan pada Matius, dan Injil Markus didasarkan pada keduanya. Hipotesis ini diajukan sebagai sebuah alternatif terhadap teori-teori tentang prioritas Markus yang berkembang luas saat itu dan hipotesis dua sumber. (in)
  • The two-gospel hypothesis or Griesbach hypothesis is that the Gospel of Matthew was written before the Gospel of Luke, and that both were written earlier than the Gospel of Mark. It is a proposed solution to the synoptic problem, which concerns the pattern of similarities and differences between the three Gospels of Matthew, Mark, and Luke. The hypothesis is generally first credited to Johann Jakob Griesbach writing in the 1780s; it was introduced in its current form by William R. Farmer in 1964 and given its current designation of two-gospel hypothesis in 1979. The two-gospel hypothesis contrasts with the two-source hypothesis, the most popular and accepted scholarly hypothesis. Supporters say that it does not require lost sources like the Q source and was supported by the early Church. Proponents of the two-gospel hypothesis generally also support the traditional claims of authorship as accurate to disciples and their direct associates, which implies the gospels were written comparatively soon after Jesus's death, rather than the later dates of authorship supported by other schools of thought. (en)
  • L'ipotesi Griesbach è una soluzione del problema sinottico formulata all'inizio del XIX secolo. Essa dà priorità al Vangelo secondo Matteo, che sarebbe dunque il primo dei vangeli sinottici ad essere stato composto, suggerisce che il Vangelo secondo Luca sia stato composto usando Matteo come fonte, e ipotizza che il Vangelo secondo Marco sia stato scritto per ultimo, utilizzando sia Matteo che Luca come fonti. La sua formulazione moderna, attribuibile a William Farmer, prende il nome di "ipotesi dei due vangeli". (it)
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  • Hipotesis Griesbach adalah sebuah solusi awal abad ke-19 terhadap masalah sinoptik. Hipotesis ini mengutamakan Injil Matius, menggambarkan bahwa Injil Lukas didasarkan pada Matius, dan Injil Markus didasarkan pada keduanya. Hipotesis ini diajukan sebagai sebuah alternatif terhadap teori-teori tentang prioritas Markus yang berkembang luas saat itu dan hipotesis dua sumber. (in)
  • L'ipotesi Griesbach è una soluzione del problema sinottico formulata all'inizio del XIX secolo. Essa dà priorità al Vangelo secondo Matteo, che sarebbe dunque il primo dei vangeli sinottici ad essere stato composto, suggerisce che il Vangelo secondo Luca sia stato composto usando Matteo come fonte, e ipotizza che il Vangelo secondo Marco sia stato scritto per ultimo, utilizzando sia Matteo che Luca come fonti. La sua formulazione moderna, attribuibile a William Farmer, prende il nome di "ipotesi dei due vangeli". (it)
  • Die Zwei-Evangelien-Theorie (oder: Griesbachhypothese, englisch two-gospel hypothesis) ist ein Lösungsvorschlag für das Synoptische Problem. Sie wurde zuerst vom walisischen Theologen Henry Owen formuliert. Möglicherweise hat Johann Jakob Griesbach Owens Überlegungen aufgegriffen und sie in seine Theorie von 1776 einfließen lassen. Die Theorie in der heutigen Form wurde 1964 von William R. Farmer aufgestellt. (de)
  • The two-gospel hypothesis or Griesbach hypothesis is that the Gospel of Matthew was written before the Gospel of Luke, and that both were written earlier than the Gospel of Mark. It is a proposed solution to the synoptic problem, which concerns the pattern of similarities and differences between the three Gospels of Matthew, Mark, and Luke. The hypothesis is generally first credited to Johann Jakob Griesbach writing in the 1780s; it was introduced in its current form by William R. Farmer in 1964 and given its current designation of two-gospel hypothesis in 1979. (en)
rdfs:label
  • Zwei-Evangelien-Theorie (de)
  • Hipotesis dua injil (in)
  • Ipotesi Griesbach (it)
  • Two-gospel hypothesis (en)
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