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The 1961 Atlantic hurricane season was a hyperactive Atlantic hurricane season, with an accumulated cyclone energy (ACE) total of 189. The season, however, was an average one in terms of named storms. The season featured eight hurricanes and a well above average number of five major hurricanes. It was previously thought that the season had a record-tying seven major hurricanes, before the Atlantic hurricane reanalysis project downgraded two storms in 2019. Two Category 5 hurricanes were seen in 1961, making it one of only seven Atlantic hurricane seasons to feature multiple Category 5 hurricanes in one season. The season started on June 15, and ended on November 15. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the Atlantic basin. The first

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  • Die Atlantische Hurrikansaison 1961 begann offiziell am 1. Juni und endete am 30. November. Während in dieser Saison insgesamt acht Wirbelstürme gezählt wurden, verzeichnete man sieben starke Hurrikane (Kategorie 3+), die zweithöchste Anzahl der bisherigen Aufzeichnungen. 1961 war seit Beginn der Aufzeichnungen durch das National Hurricane Center (NHC) die zweite von bislang insgesamt sechs Saisons (Stand Juli 2021), in denen sich zwei oder mehr Hurrikans der Kategorie fünf bildeten (die anderen waren die Saisons 1960, 2005, 2007, 2017 und 2019). Die bekanntesten und stärksten Hurrikane waren die beiden Kategorie-5-Hurrikane Carla, der Texas traf und 49 Menschen tötete sowie einen Schaden von 325 Millionen US-Dollar (1961) anrichtete, und Hattie, der Belize verwüstete und dort 200 Menschen tötete sowie Belize City zu großen Teilen zerstörte. Das war 1970 ein Grund, die dortige Hauptstadt nach Belmopan zu verlegen. Der Hurrikan Debbie, der Stufe 3 zugeordnet, schwenkt als tropischer Wirbelsturm in Richtung Irland, wo er noch über dem Meer in einen schweren Sturm abflaut und nordöstlich weiterzieht. Die irische Wetterstation auf Malin Head misst am 16. September 1961 ihre bis dahin höchste Windgeschwindigkeit. In Irland kommen 11 Menschen durch den Sturm ums Leben, in Großbritannien wirkt er sich in schweren Schäden aus. (de)
  • The 1961 Atlantic hurricane season was a hyperactive Atlantic hurricane season, with an accumulated cyclone energy (ACE) total of 189. The season, however, was an average one in terms of named storms. The season featured eight hurricanes and a well above average number of five major hurricanes. It was previously thought that the season had a record-tying seven major hurricanes, before the Atlantic hurricane reanalysis project downgraded two storms in 2019. Two Category 5 hurricanes were seen in 1961, making it one of only seven Atlantic hurricane seasons to feature multiple Category 5 hurricanes in one season. The season started on June 15, and ended on November 15. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the Atlantic basin. The first system, an operationally unclassified tropical depression, formed offshore east Central Florida on June 10, but dissipated a few days later. Next, Hurricane Anna developed in the eastern Caribbean Sea near the Windward Islands on July 20. It brought minor damage to the islands, as well as wind and flood impacts to Central America after striking Belize as a hurricane. Anna caused one death and about $300,000 (1961 USD) in damage. Activity went dormant for nearly a month and a half, until Hurricane Betsy developed on September 2. Betsy peaked as a Category 4 hurricane, but remained at sea and caused no impact. One of the most significant storms of the season was Hurricane Carla, which peaked as a Category 4 hurricane, before striking Texas. Carla caused 43 deaths and approximately $325.74 million in damage. Hurricane Debbie was a Category 1 storm that existed in the eastern Atlantic Ocean. Early in its duration, unsettled weather from Debbie in Cape Verde resulted in a plane crash that killed 60 people. The extratropical remnants of Debbie then brushed Ireland, causing severe damage over the British Isles. The next storm, Hurricane Esther, threatened to strike New England as a major hurricane, but rapidly weakened and made landfall in Massachusetts as only a tropical storm. Impact was generally minor, with about $6 million in damage and seven deaths, all of which from a United States Navy plane crash. An unnamed tropical storm and Hurricane Frances caused minimal impact on land. In mid-October, Tropical Storm Gerda brought flooding to Jamaica and eastern Cuba, resulting in twelve deaths. Another significant storm was Hurricane Hattie, a late-season Category 5 hurricane that struck Belize. Hattie caused 319 confirmed fatalities and about $60.3 million in damage. Destruction was so severe in Belize that the government had to relocate inland to a new city, Belmopan. In early November, the depression that would later strengthen into Hurricane Jenny brought light rainfall to Puerto Rico. The final storm, Tropical Storm Inga, dissipated on November 8, after causing no impact on land. On September 11, three hurricanes existed simultaneously – Betsy, Carla, and Debbie – the most on a single day in the Atlantic basin since 1893 and until 1998. Collectively, the storms of the 1961 Atlantic hurricane season caused about $392.34 million in damage and at least 437 fatalities. (en)
  • Het Atlantisch orkaanseizoen 1961 duurde van 1 juni tot 30 november 1961. Het seizoen was wat activiteit betreft een hyperactief seizoen, het is als vijfde gerangschikt op ACE-waarde achter de seizoenen van 2005, 1950, 1995 en 2004. De kwalificatie hyperactief dankte het seizoen vooral aan het feit dat de gevormde tropische cyclonen bijna allemaal tot orkaan promoveerden en er zeven majeure orkanen, dat wil zeggen van de categorie 3 of meer ontstonden. Ook was het seizoen 1961, met 1960, 2005 en 2007 een van de vier bekende seizoenen met twee of meer orkanen van de zwaarste, vijfde categorie. Het seizoen telde tien of elf tropische stormen, al naargelang men Orkaan Hattie-Simone-Inga als één tropische cycloon beschouwt of als twee of drie verschillende. Van deze tien tropische stormen promoveerden er acht tot orkaan en zeven orkanen bereiken de derde categorie. Orkaan Hattie-Simone-Inga was de zwaarste storm van het seizoen; zij kreeg drie namen, omdat zij tweemaal van bassin wisselde. In het orkaanseizoen van de Grote Oceaan kreeg zij de naam Simone, die vervolgens opnieuw Midden-Amerika overstak en boven de Golf van Mexico, in het Atlantisch orkaanseizoen de naam Inga kreeg. Waarschijnlijk ging het om dezelfde tropische cycloon, die nooit zijn identiteit had verloren bij zijn overgangen in de Grote Oceaan en de Golf van Mexico. Na 2001 zijn de regels omtrent de nomenclatuur veranderd en zou een dergelijke tropische cycloon zijn eerste naam behouden en niet worden herdoopt. Hattie-Simone-Inga is waarschijnlijk de enige tropische cycloon, die tweemaal is herdoopt. Als Hattie bereikte de tropische cycloon de vijfde categorie en richtte zware schade aan in Brits-Honduras. De hoofdstad van Brits-Honduras, Belize City werd verwoest en deed de regering van de Britse kroonkolonie besluiten een nieuwe hoofdstad te bouwen verder landinwaarts en boven zeeniveau. Dit werd uiteindelijk Belmopan. Opmerkelijk was ook de elfde september, toen orkanen Betsy, Carla en Debbie en tropische storm Esther naast elkaar bestonden. Dit was niet meer voorgekomen sinds 22 augustus 1893, toen er ook vier tropische cyclonen tegelijk in het Atlantisch bassin waren, met dat verschil dat zij op dat moment allemaal orkanen waren. Het zou duren tot 26 september 1998, als opnieuw vier orkanen simultaan in het Atlantisch bassin worden aangetroffen. (nl)
  • A temporada de furacões no Atlântico de 1961 foi uma temporada de furacões no Atlântico extremamente ativa, com um total de energia ciclônica acumulada (ECA) de 189. A temporada, no entanto, foi apenas moderadamente acima da média em termos de tempestades nomeadas. A temporada apresentou oito furacões e um número bem acima da média de cinco grandes furacões. Anteriormente, pensava-se que a temporada teve um recorde de sete grandes furacões, antes que o projeto de reanálise do furacão no Atlântico reduzisse a classificação de duas tempestades em 2019. Dois furacões de categoria 5 foram vistos em 1961, tornando-o uma das apenas sete temporadas de furacões no Atlântico a apresentar vários furacões de categoria 5 em uma temporada. A temporada começou em 15 de junho e terminou em 15 de novembro. Essas datas delimitam convencionalmente o período de cada ano em que a maioria dos ciclones tropicais se forma na bacia do Atlântico. O primeiro sistema, o furacão Anna, se desenvolveu no leste do Mar do Caribe perto das ilhas de Barlavento em 20 de julho. Ele trouxe pequenos danos às ilhas, bem como impactos de vento e inundações na América Central, após atingir Belize como um furacão. Anna causou uma morte e cerca de US$ 300.000 (1961 USD ) em danos. A atividade ficou inativa por quase um mês e meio, até que o furacão Betsy surgiu em 2 de setembro Betsy atingiu o pico como furacão categoria 4, mas permaneceu no mar e não causou impacto. Uma das tempestades mais significativas da temporada foi o furacão Carla, que atingiu o pico como um furacão de categoria 4, antes de enfraquecer ligeiramente e atingir o Texas. Carla causou 43 mortes e aproximadamente $ 325,74 milhões em danos. O furacão Debbie era uma categoria 1 tempestade que existiu no leste do Oceano Atlântico. No início de sua duração, o tempo instável de Debbie em Cabo Verde resultou em um acidente de avião que matou 60 pessoas. Os remanescentes extratropicais de Debbie então varreram a Irlanda, causando graves danos nas Ilhas Britânicas. A próxima tempestade, o furacão Esther, ameaçou atingir a Nova Inglaterra como um grande furacão, mas enfraqueceu rapidamente e atingiu o continente em Massachusetts como apenas uma tempestade tropical. O impacto foi geralmente mínimo, com cerca de US$ 6 milhões em danos e sete mortes, todas devido a um acidente de avião da Marinha dos Estados Unidos. Uma tempestade tropical sem nome e o furacão Frances causaram impacto mínimo na terra. Em meados de outubro, a tempestade tropical Gerda trouxe inundações para a Jamaica e o leste de Cuba, resultando em doze mortes. Outra tempestade significativa foi o furacão Hattie, uma categoria de final de temporada 5 furacão que atingiu Belize. Hattie causou 319 fatalidades confirmadas e cerca de US$ 60,3 milhões em danos. A destruição foi tão severa em Belize que o governo teve que se mudar para uma nova cidade, Belmopan. No início de novembro, a depressão que mais tarde se tornaria o furacão Jenny trouxe chuvas leves para Porto Rico. A tempestade final, a tempestade tropical Inga, dissipou-se em 8 de novembro, depois de não causar impacto no solo. Em 11 de setembro, três furacões existiram simultaneamente - Betsy, Carla e Debbie - a maioria em um único dia na bacia do Atlântico desde 1893 e até 1998. Coletivamente, as tempestades de 1961 A temporada de furacões no Atlântico causou cerca de $ 392,34 milhões em danos e pelo menos 437 fatalidades. (pt)
  • 1961年大西洋飓风季于6月15日正式开始,同年11月15日结束,通常情况下每年大西洋盆地的绝大多数热带或亚热带气旋都是在这段时间形成。本季形成的大型飓风数量创下新纪录,直到44年后才被追平。按热带风暴数量计算,飓风季的活跃程度超过平均水平,共有11场获命名的风暴。飓风安娜于7月20日在向风群岛附近的东加勒比海发展形成,是本季首场风暴。气旋对向风群岛构成轻度破坏,然后又以飓风强度袭击英属洪都拉斯(今伯利兹),再在中美洲产生大风并引发洪灾。安娜一共导致一人死亡,经济损失约为30万美元。接下来一个半月,大西洋的热带天气活动陷入沉寂,直至飓风贝特西于9月2日成型。贝特西的最高强度达到萨菲尔-辛普森飓风等级的四级飓风标准,但自始至终位于海上,所以没有对陆地造成影响。 是本季影响最大的风暴之一,达到五级飓风强度后仅有小幅减弱就直接袭击德克萨斯州,造成43人丧生,损失总额约为3亿2574万美元。飓风黛比最高达到三级飓风标准,主要在东太平洋活动。气旋存在早期令佛得角天气恶劣,致使一架飞机坠毁,共60人死亡。接下来,黛比又以一级飓风强度(有可能已转变成温带气旋)吹袭爱尔兰岛。飓风埃丝特是本季形成的下一场风暴,一度威胁以大型飓风强度袭击新英格兰,但实际上却快速弱化,登陆马萨诸塞州时已降级成热带风暴。气旋产生的总体影响很小,经济损失约为600万美元,但因造成美国海军飞机失事而引起七人遇难。此后,无名热带风暴和飓风弗朗西丝都只对陆地构成轻微影响。10月中旬,热带风暴格尔达又在牙买加和古巴东部引发洪灾,致使12人丧生。 飓风哈蒂是本季强度最高的风暴,在飓风季后期形成并在达到五级标准后袭击伯利兹。哈蒂经确认共导致319人丧生,损失数额约6030万美元。由于伯利兹市所受破坏太过严重,首府不得不迁至内陆的贝尔墨邦。风暴残留之后还可能在东太平洋促成。11月初,有热带低气压在波多黎各降下小雨,之后又增强成飓风珍妮。热带风暴英加是本季最后一场风暴,但没有对陆地产生影响,于11月8日消散。9月11日,大西洋盆地上空有贝特西、卡拉和黛比三场飓风同时存在,是后首次出现这种情况,下一次则是超过三分之一个世纪之后的。总体而计,1961年大西洋飓风季的所有热带气旋共导致348人遇难,损失总额约3亿9100万美元。 (zh)
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  • The 1961 Atlantic hurricane season was a hyperactive Atlantic hurricane season, with an accumulated cyclone energy (ACE) total of 189. The season, however, was an average one in terms of named storms. The season featured eight hurricanes and a well above average number of five major hurricanes. It was previously thought that the season had a record-tying seven major hurricanes, before the Atlantic hurricane reanalysis project downgraded two storms in 2019. Two Category 5 hurricanes were seen in 1961, making it one of only seven Atlantic hurricane seasons to feature multiple Category 5 hurricanes in one season. The season started on June 15, and ended on November 15. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the Atlantic basin. The first (en)
  • Die Atlantische Hurrikansaison 1961 begann offiziell am 1. Juni und endete am 30. November. Während in dieser Saison insgesamt acht Wirbelstürme gezählt wurden, verzeichnete man sieben starke Hurrikane (Kategorie 3+), die zweithöchste Anzahl der bisherigen Aufzeichnungen. 1961 war seit Beginn der Aufzeichnungen durch das National Hurricane Center (NHC) die zweite von bislang insgesamt sechs Saisons (Stand Juli 2021), in denen sich zwei oder mehr Hurrikans der Kategorie fünf bildeten (die anderen waren die Saisons 1960, 2005, 2007, 2017 und 2019). (de)
  • Het Atlantisch orkaanseizoen 1961 duurde van 1 juni tot 30 november 1961. Het seizoen was wat activiteit betreft een hyperactief seizoen, het is als vijfde gerangschikt op ACE-waarde achter de seizoenen van 2005, 1950, 1995 en 2004. (nl)
  • A temporada de furacões no Atlântico de 1961 foi uma temporada de furacões no Atlântico extremamente ativa, com um total de energia ciclônica acumulada (ECA) de 189. A temporada, no entanto, foi apenas moderadamente acima da média em termos de tempestades nomeadas. A temporada apresentou oito furacões e um número bem acima da média de cinco grandes furacões. Anteriormente, pensava-se que a temporada teve um recorde de sete grandes furacões, antes que o projeto de reanálise do furacão no Atlântico reduzisse a classificação de duas tempestades em 2019. Dois furacões de categoria 5 foram vistos em 1961, tornando-o uma das apenas sete temporadas de furacões no Atlântico a apresentar vários furacões de categoria 5 em uma temporada. A temporada começou em 15 de junho e terminou em 15 de novembro (pt)
  • 1961年大西洋飓风季于6月15日正式开始,同年11月15日结束,通常情况下每年大西洋盆地的绝大多数热带或亚热带气旋都是在这段时间形成。本季形成的大型飓风数量创下新纪录,直到44年后才被追平。按热带风暴数量计算,飓风季的活跃程度超过平均水平,共有11场获命名的风暴。飓风安娜于7月20日在向风群岛附近的东加勒比海发展形成,是本季首场风暴。气旋对向风群岛构成轻度破坏,然后又以飓风强度袭击英属洪都拉斯(今伯利兹),再在中美洲产生大风并引发洪灾。安娜一共导致一人死亡,经济损失约为30万美元。接下来一个半月,大西洋的热带天气活动陷入沉寂,直至飓风贝特西于9月2日成型。贝特西的最高强度达到萨菲尔-辛普森飓风等级的四级飓风标准,但自始至终位于海上,所以没有对陆地造成影响。 (zh)
rdfs:label
  • 1961 Atlantic hurricane season (en)
  • Atlantische Hurrikansaison 1961 (de)
  • Atlantisch orkaanseizoen 1961 (nl)
  • Temporada de furacões no oceano Atlântico de 1961 (pt)
  • 1961年大西洋飓风季 (zh)
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