| dbo:abstract
|
- The sprint hurdles at the Summer Olympics have been contested over a variety of distances at the multi-sport event. The men's 110 metres hurdles has been present on the Olympic athletics programme since the first edition in 1896. A men's 200 metres hurdles was also briefly held, from 1900 to 1904. The first women's sprint hurdling event was added to the programme at the 1932 Olympics in the form of the 80 metres hurdles. At the 1972 Games the women's distance was extended to the 100 metres hurdles, which is the current international standard. The Olympic records are 12.91 seconds for the men's 110 m hurdles, set by Liu Xiang in 2004, and 12.20 seconds for the women's 100 m hurdles, set by Kendra Harrison in 2016. The fastest time recorded at the Olympics for the men's 200 m hurdles was 24.6 seconds by 1904 winner Harry Hillman. Maureen Caird won the last women's Olympic 80 m hurdles race in 1968 with a record of 10.39 seconds. The men's 110 m hurdles world record has been broken at the Olympics on six occasions: 1908, 1928, 1932, 1936, 1972 and 2004. The women's 100 m hurdles world record has been broken only once, by Annelie Ehrhardt at the inaugural 1972 Olympic final. In contrast the 80 m hurdles world record was set at the Olympics in 1932 (four times), 1936, and 1952 (twice). Only three athletes have won two Olympic sprint hurdles gold medals: on the men's side, Lee Calhoun, and Roger Kingdom, and on the women's side Shirley Strickland. Strickland is also the only athlete to win three such Olympic medals, having won a bronze medal before her victories. Alvin Kraenzlein is the only athlete to have won two hurdles medals at the same Olympics, having taken the 110 m and 200 m titles. Historically, hurdlers also competed in other individual sprinting events (Harrison Dillard and Fanny Blankers-Koen were also 100 metres Olympic champions), but this became rare after the 1950s. The United States has been the most successful nation in the men's event with 19 gold medals and 56 medals in total. Though less dominant in the women's events, the U.S. also has the most women's gold medals, with five. (en)
- 夏季奥林匹克运动会直道跨栏比赛是奥运会田径赛事的两类跨栏赛事之一。男子110公尺跨栏自1896年第一届现代奥运会起就是比赛项目。女子80公尺跨栏于1932年洛杉矶奥运会上成为比赛项目，至1972年慕尼黑奥运会起改为100公尺跨栏。 男子110公尺跨栏的奥运会纪录是12.91秒，由中国运动员刘翔于2004年雅典奥运会上刷新。女子100公尺跨栏的奥运会纪录为12.26秒，是波多黎各选手贾丝明·卡马乔-奎因在2020年东京奥运会的半决赛上创造的。女子80公尺跨栏的奥运纪录来自该项目的最后一场奥运比赛，澳大利亚选手莫琳·凯尔德在1968年的墨西哥城跑出了10.3秒的成绩。 美国代表团在男子110公尺跨栏项目上拥有无可匹敌的辉煌，在迄今29届奥运会上收获了19金、21银、17铜，八度包揽前三名，除1980年因抵制而未参赛外，该项目的领奖台上未出现美国选手的情况只发生过一次。女子方面则没有绝对的霸主，20世纪70及80年代的奖牌几乎由东德、苏联等东欧代表团垄断，进入21世纪以来则数美国最为强势，在最近5届比赛中收获3金、3银、3铜。 能在奥运会直道跨栏项目上拥有稳定优异表现的选手并不多。澳大利亚的雪莉·斯特里克兰·德拉汉蒂是唯一一位三次站上领奖台的运动员，也是唯一一位成功卫冕的女选手。美国的李·卡尔霍恩和罗杰·金德姆是仅有的两位成功卫冕的男选手。卡琳·巴尔策是唯一一位能在80公尺跨栏和100公尺跨栏项目中都收获奖牌的运动员。 (zh)
|
