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The Radical Party (Spanish: Partido Radical) was a Chilean political party. It was formed in 1863 in Copiapó by a split in the Liberal Party. Not coincidentally, it was formed shortly after the organization of the Grand Lodge of Chile, and it has maintained a close relationship with Chilean Freemasonry throughout its life. As such, it represented the anticlericalist position in Chilean politics, and was instrumental in producing the "theological reforms" in Chilean law in the early 1880s. These laws removed the cemeteries from the control of the Roman Catholic Church, established a civil registry of births and death in place of the previous recordkeeping of the church, and established a civil law of matrimony, which removed the determination of validity of marriages from the church. Prior

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  • Die Radikale Partei (Partido Radical) war eine von 1863 bis 1994 bestehende politische Partei in Chile. Sie ging aus dem radikalen Flügel der chilenischen hervor und vereinigte sich 1994 mit den Sozialdemokraten. (de)
  • El Partido Radical de Chile (PR)​​​​ es un partido político chileno laicista de carácter liberal igualitario y socialdemócrata. Se originó a partir de la derrota del bando rebelde en la Revolución de 1859, muchos de los cuales pertenecían al ala más subversiva del Partido Liberal. Después de la ley de amnistía y sus retornos desde el exilio, el 27 de diciembre de 1863 se fundó la primera Asamblea en Copiapó, precediendo a la instalación de diversas asambleas autodenominadas como "radicales" y que funcionaron en el territorio chileno con plena independencia electoral hasta la Convención Radical de 1888, ocasión en que dichas asambleas se federaron y legalizaron como un partido político. ​ El radicalismo chileno se caracteriza por la difusión de una doctrina racionalista, laica y democrática, motivada por el Idealismo filosófico de la Ilustración.​​ Tras la Guerra civil de 1891, y a lo largo del régimen parlamentario, los radicales fueron los principales impulsores de la llamada Alianza Liberal, que junto a la Coalición Conservadora se disputaron el poder hasta 1925.​ Fue en aquellos años, bajo el fragor de la llamada cuestión social que el viejo liberalismo económico de los primeros radicales, dio paso a la incorporación de nuevas corrientes socialistas al interior del partido, encabezada por Valentín Letelier,​ uno de los principales promotores del llamado socialismo de Estado y que llevaron a los radicales, en los años venideros, a convertirse en el principal intérprete de la emergente clase media chilena.​ Una vez superada la inestabilidad de los años veinte y luego de haber apoyado la nueva Constitución,​ los radicales del treinta​ se alejaron de los sectores liberales, para conformar una alianza con los nuevos movimientos sociales dirigidos por Socialistas y Comunistas, dando origen al Frente Popular (FP), en 1937. Desde entonces y por los próximos catorce años, el Partido Radical se transformó en la principal fuerza política del país, expresado en las presidencias de: Pedro Aguirre Cerda (1938-1941), Juan Antonio Ríos (1942-1946) y Gabriel González Videla (1946-1952).​ Bajo estos gobiernos se implementó un modelo económico de "industrialización por sustitución de importaciones" que bajo la conducción de la Corfo logró el surgimiento de empresas estatales básicas para la industrialización. Sin embargo, las políticas populistas aplicadas provocaron una inestabilidad económica debido a las altas tasas de inflación. Estos hechos, sumado a los actos de corrupción y la persecución de los comunistas, llevaron al radicalismo al desprestigio y la pérdida del poder en 1958.​ A partir de entonces el radicalismo comenzó a decaer, siendo desplazado por la Democracia Cristiana como eje del centro político y representante de las llamadas "clases medias".​ Los radicales han participado en coaliciones políticas tanto con la izquierda democrática (Frente Popular, Unidad Popular, Concertación y Nueva Mayoría) como con la derecha liberal (Alianza Liberal, Unión Liberal y Frente Democrático). En 1994 se fusionó con el Partido Socialdemocracia Chilena, y dio origen al Partido Radical Socialdemócrata (PRSD), el cual fue considerado heredero de la historia y la tradición del radicalismo chileno hasta 2016, cuando retomó el nombre histórico de Partido Radical de Chile. Tiene presencia en todo el territorio chileno. Está afiliado a la Internacional Socialista (IS) desde 1981​ y es miembro activo de la Alianza Progresista.​ Según el Servicio Electoral (Servel), a diciembre de 2021 el partido es el undécimo más grande de Chile en cuanto a militantes, teniendo 26 063.​ El PR tiene estrechos vínculos históricos con la francmasonería, especialmente con la Gran Logia de Chile, la Gran Logia Mixta y la Gran Logia Femenina.​​ (es)
  • The Radical Party (Spanish: Partido Radical) was a Chilean political party. It was formed in 1863 in Copiapó by a split in the Liberal Party. Not coincidentally, it was formed shortly after the organization of the Grand Lodge of Chile, and it has maintained a close relationship with Chilean Freemasonry throughout its life. As such, it represented the anticlericalist position in Chilean politics, and was instrumental in producing the "theological reforms" in Chilean law in the early 1880s. These laws removed the cemeteries from the control of the Roman Catholic Church, established a civil registry of births and death in place of the previous recordkeeping of the church, and established a civil law of matrimony, which removed the determination of validity of marriages from the church. Prior to these laws, it was impossible for non-Catholics to contract marriage in Chile, and meant that any children they produced were illegitimate. Non-Catholics had also been barred from burial in Catholic cemeteries, which were virtually the only cemeteries in the country; instead, non-Catholics were buried in the beaches, and even on the Santa Lucia Hill in Santiago, which, in the 19th century, functioned as Santiago's dump. In the 20th century, the radicals adopted a moderately center-left stance, taking part to Pedro Aguirre Cerda's Popular Front and then to the Democratic Alliance left-wings coalition which succeeded to Cerda's death. During the presidency of Gabriel Gonzalez Videla (1946–1952) it shifted to the right, and many of its members were anti-Communists. In 1950s, the party started to lose ground. At the end of the 1960s, left-wingers gained upper hand in the Radical party, causing some of the more right-wing leaders to leave the party. The anticommunist Radicals formed the Radical Democracy. In the crucial 1970 election, which resulted in the presidency of Salvador Allende, they formed an alliance with the right-wing National Party and, later, supported Pinochet's 1973 coup. In contrast, the Radical Party was part of the Unidad Popular coalition supporting Salvador Allende who became president in 1970. Radicals, supporting gradual reforms, were generally loyal to the leftist governing coalition. In its XXV Congress that took place from 31 July to 5 August 1971, the Radical Party confirmed the left-wing line it had taken already in 1967. The congress declared that the Radicals discard bourgeois democracy as an instrument of capitalist domination and the Radical Party is now a socialist party, that subscribes to class struggle and historical materialism. On 3 August, Senators Bossay, Baltra, Acuña, Juliet and Aguirre and deputies Ibáñez, Magalahes, Naudón, Basso, Clavel, Sharpe and Muñoz Barra left the Radical Party. They founded a new party of radicals with more moderate views, paradoxically called Partido de Izquierda Radical (Party of Radical Left). The new party initially remained part of the Unidad Popular. On the other hand, a moderate Social Democrat Party, up to then an independent party within the Unidad Popular bloc, merged with the Radical Party. During that time, the Radical Party of Chile declared their organization to be socialist and they officially adhered to the doctrines of historical materialism and class struggle. Like other parties, it was banned after the 11 September 1973 coup. In 1983, the Radical Party was one of the creators along with the Christian Democrat, Liberal, Social Democrat parties and the renewed sector of the Socialist Party of Chile, of the Democratic Alliance coalition opposing the Pinochet regime. Another area of radicalism, led by , came to the United Left and founded the Democratic Socialist Radical Party (PRSD). Both parties supported the option NO in the plebiscite of 1988 and proclaimed Patricio Aylwin as their presidential candidate, but in the parliamentary elections of 1989 were presented in different lists; the PR was part of the coalition, while the PRSD participated in the list with Broad Party of Socialist Left. After the return to democracy, the Radical Party reformed as a center-left group, and joined the Concertación de Partidos por la Democracia, a coalition of parties which also included the Christian Democrats and the Socialists. Its electoral strength was greatly reduced from that which it had enjoyed between 1880 and 1950. In 1994 joined with the Social Democracy Party to form the Social Democrat Radical Party (PRSD). (en)
  • Le Parti radical du Chili (PR) (en espagnol : Partido Radical de Chile) est un parti politique chilien laïciste de caractère liberal radical et social-démocrate . Il est né de la défaite du côté rebelle lors de la Révolution chilienne de 1859, dont beaucoup appartenaient à l'aile la plus subversive du Parti libéral . Le 27 décembre 1863, la première Assemblée est fondée à Copiapó, précédant l'installation de diverses assemblées se disant « radicales » .«Et cela a fonctionné dans le territoire électoral chilien en toute indépendance par rapport à la Convention radicale de 1888, date à laquelle ces réunions ont été fédérées et légalisées en tant que parti politique. Le radicalisme chilien se caractérise par la diffusion d'une doctrine rationaliste, laïque et démocratique, motivée par l' idéalisme de la philosophie des Lumières . Est un membre de l'Internationale socialiste et de la COPPPAL. (fr)
  • Il Partito Radicale del Cile (in spagnolo: Partido Radical de Chile) era un partito politico di orientamento liberal-socialista fondato in Cile nel 1863 e dissoltosi nel 1994. Sin dalla sua fondazione è collocabile come principale oppositore al Partito Liberale. Fece parte del Frente Popular e poi della Unidad Popular e fu affiliato all'Internazionale Socialista. Nel 1994 è confluito, insieme al , nel Partito Radicale Social Democratico, il quale, nel 2018, riprenderà a sua volta la storica denominazione di Partito Radicale. Fu il partito di tre Presidenti, Pedro Aguirre Cerda, Juan Antonio Ríos Morales e Gabriel González Videla, che governarono ininterrottamente dal 1938 al 1952. (it)
  • De Radicale Partij (Spaans: Partido Radical, PR) was een radicale politieke partij in Chili. (nl)
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  • Die Radikale Partei (Partido Radical) war eine von 1863 bis 1994 bestehende politische Partei in Chile. Sie ging aus dem radikalen Flügel der chilenischen hervor und vereinigte sich 1994 mit den Sozialdemokraten. (de)
  • De Radicale Partij (Spaans: Partido Radical, PR) was een radicale politieke partij in Chili. (nl)
  • El Partido Radical de Chile (PR)​​​​ es un partido político chileno laicista de carácter liberal igualitario y socialdemócrata. Se originó a partir de la derrota del bando rebelde en la Revolución de 1859, muchos de los cuales pertenecían al ala más subversiva del Partido Liberal. Después de la ley de amnistía y sus retornos desde el exilio, el 27 de diciembre de 1863 se fundó la primera Asamblea en Copiapó, precediendo a la instalación de diversas asambleas autodenominadas como "radicales" y que funcionaron en el territorio chileno con plena independencia electoral hasta la Convención Radical de 1888, ocasión en que dichas asambleas se federaron y legalizaron como un partido político. ​ El radicalismo chileno se caracteriza por la difusión de una doctrina racionalista, laica y democrática (es)
  • Le Parti radical du Chili (PR) (en espagnol : Partido Radical de Chile) est un parti politique chilien laïciste de caractère liberal radical et social-démocrate . Il est né de la défaite du côté rebelle lors de la Révolution chilienne de 1859, dont beaucoup appartenaient à l'aile la plus subversive du Parti libéral . Le 27 décembre 1863, la première Assemblée est fondée à Copiapó, précédant l'installation de diverses assemblées se disant « radicales » .«Et cela a fonctionné dans le territoire électoral chilien en toute indépendance par rapport à la Convention radicale de 1888, date à laquelle ces réunions ont été fédérées et légalisées en tant que parti politique. (fr)
  • The Radical Party (Spanish: Partido Radical) was a Chilean political party. It was formed in 1863 in Copiapó by a split in the Liberal Party. Not coincidentally, it was formed shortly after the organization of the Grand Lodge of Chile, and it has maintained a close relationship with Chilean Freemasonry throughout its life. As such, it represented the anticlericalist position in Chilean politics, and was instrumental in producing the "theological reforms" in Chilean law in the early 1880s. These laws removed the cemeteries from the control of the Roman Catholic Church, established a civil registry of births and death in place of the previous recordkeeping of the church, and established a civil law of matrimony, which removed the determination of validity of marriages from the church. Prior (en)
  • Il Partito Radicale del Cile (in spagnolo: Partido Radical de Chile) era un partito politico di orientamento liberal-socialista fondato in Cile nel 1863 e dissoltosi nel 1994. Sin dalla sua fondazione è collocabile come principale oppositore al Partito Liberale. Fece parte del Frente Popular e poi della Unidad Popular e fu affiliato all'Internazionale Socialista. Nel 1994 è confluito, insieme al , nel Partito Radicale Social Democratico, il quale, nel 2018, riprenderà a sua volta la storica denominazione di Partito Radicale. (it)
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  • Radical Party of Chile (en)
  • Partido Radical (Chile) (de)
  • Partido Radical de Chile (es)
  • Parti radical (Chili) (fr)
  • Partito Radicale del Cile (it)
  • Radicale Partij (Chili) (nl)
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