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- Oscillum, en plural oscilla, és una paraula llatina que s'aplica a petites figures, sobretot màscares, que es penjaven com ofrena a diverses divinitats, en connexió amb festivals i d'altres cerimònies. Se la considera un diminutiu de la paraula «os cara», i per tant significaria «carona». Com els oscilla es movien per efecte del vent, oscillare va passar a significar «moure's per efecte del vent, oscil·lar». Es conserven moltes oscilla o màscares que representen el cap de Dionís o Baco. Es feien de marbre i terracota, però el material més habitual era la fusta. També es penjaven, com els oscilla, petites figuretes fetes de llana anomenades pilae. (ca)
- Oscillum, en plural oscilla, es una palabra latina que se aplica a pequeñas figuras, sobre todo máscaras, que se colgaban como ofrenda a varias divinidades, en conexión con festivales y otras ceremonias. Se la considera un diminutivo de la palabra os ‘cara’, y por tanto significaría ‘carita’. Como los oscilla se movían por efecto del viento, oscillare pasó a significar ‘moverse por efecto del viento, oscilar’. Se conservan muchas oscilla o máscaras que representan la cabeza de Dioniso o Baco. Se hacían de mármol y terracota, pero es probable que el material más habitual fuera la madera. También se colgaban, como los oscilla, pequeñas figuritas hechas de lana llamadas pilae. Unos se colgaban de árboles, y otros de los intercolumnios de los peristilos de las domus. (es)
- Oscilla is a word applied in Latin usage to small figures, most commonly masks or faces, which were hung up as offerings to various deities, either for propitiation or expiation, and in connection with festivals and other ceremonies. It is usually taken as the plural of oscillum (diminutive of os), a little face. As the oscilla swung in the wind, oscillare came to mean to swing, hence in English oscillation, the act of swinging backwards and forwards, periodic motion to and fro, hence any variation or fluctuation, actual or figurative. Many oscilla or masks, representing the head of Bacchus or of different rustic deities, are still preserved. There is a marble oscillum of Bacchus in the British Museum. Others still in existence are made of earthenware, but it seems probable that wax and wood were the ordinary materials. Small rudely shaped figures of wool, known as pilae, were also hung up in the same way as the oscilla. The festivals at which the hanging of oscilla took place were:
* The Sementivae Feriae, or sowing festivals, and the Paganalia, the country festivals of the tutelary deities of the pagi; both took place in January. Here the oscilla were hung on trees, such as the vine and the olive, oak and the pine, and represented the faces of Liber, Bacchus or other deity connected with the cultivation of the soil (Virgil, Georgics ii.382-396).
* The Feriae Latinae; in this case games were played, among them swinging (oscil(atio); cf. the Greek festival of (see Erigone). Festus (s.v. Oscillum, ed. Muller, p. 194) says that this swinging was called oscillatio because the swingers masked their faces (os celare) out of shame.
* At the Compitalia, Festus says (Paulus ex Fest., ed. Muller, p. 239) that pilae and effigies viriles et muliebres made of wool were hung at the crossroads to the Lares, the number of pilae equalling that of the slaves of the family, the effigies that of the children; the purpose being to induce the Lares to spare the living, and to be content with the pilae and images. This has led to the generally accepted conclusion that the custom of hanging these oscilla represents an older practice of expiating human sacrifice. There is also no doubt a connection with the lustratio in that both rely on purification by the air. (en)
- L'oscillum (diminutivo del termine latino osculum, a sua volta derivato da os, per «volto») era un tipo di piccola scultura, rappresentante una testa, che in epoca romana veniva appesa come dono votivo alle fronde degli alberi in occasione di alcune feste, come le sementivae feriae, o feste della semina, o nelle paganalia, feste dei pagi, o villaggi di campagna, in particolare in onore del dio Bacco. Durante i Compitalia, feste in onore dei Lari, venivano appese figurine in legno che rappresentavano gli schiavi e i bambini della famiglia. In seguito divennero decorazioni utilizzate negli interni delle case o nei giardini e si trovano anche in forma di piccoli dischi a rilievo, o anche di piccole placche rettangolari, scolpiti su entrambi i lati. Sono in genere in pietra o in terracotta, ma se ne conoscono anche in . Sono talvolta rappresentati, insieme ad altre sculture decorative, negli affreschi che raffigurano giardini. Vi venivano raffigurate scene o figure mitologiche o di genere.Poiché oscillavano al vento, dal nome dell'oggetto è derivato il verbo latino oscillare, dal quale deriva il corrispondente italiano. Oscillum proveniente dalla a Sperlonga, raffigurante un satiro (it)
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- Oscillum, en plural oscilla, és una paraula llatina que s'aplica a petites figures, sobretot màscares, que es penjaven com ofrena a diverses divinitats, en connexió amb festivals i d'altres cerimònies. Se la considera un diminutiu de la paraula «os cara», i per tant significaria «carona». Com els oscilla es movien per efecte del vent, oscillare va passar a significar «moure's per efecte del vent, oscil·lar». (ca)
- Oscillum, en plural oscilla, es una palabra latina que se aplica a pequeñas figuras, sobre todo máscaras, que se colgaban como ofrenda a varias divinidades, en conexión con festivales y otras ceremonias. Se la considera un diminutivo de la palabra os ‘cara’, y por tanto significaría ‘carita’. Como los oscilla se movían por efecto del viento, oscillare pasó a significar ‘moverse por efecto del viento, oscilar’. (es)
- Oscilla is a word applied in Latin usage to small figures, most commonly masks or faces, which were hung up as offerings to various deities, either for propitiation or expiation, and in connection with festivals and other ceremonies. It is usually taken as the plural of oscillum (diminutive of os), a little face. As the oscilla swung in the wind, oscillare came to mean to swing, hence in English oscillation, the act of swinging backwards and forwards, periodic motion to and fro, hence any variation or fluctuation, actual or figurative. (en)
- L'oscillum (diminutivo del termine latino osculum, a sua volta derivato da os, per «volto») era un tipo di piccola scultura, rappresentante una testa, che in epoca romana veniva appesa come dono votivo alle fronde degli alberi in occasione di alcune feste, come le sementivae feriae, o feste della semina, o nelle paganalia, feste dei pagi, o villaggi di campagna, in particolare in onore del dio Bacco. Durante i Compitalia, feste in onore dei Lari, venivano appese figurine in legno che rappresentavano gli schiavi e i bambini della famiglia. (it)
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