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The High Courts of India are the highest courts of appellate jurisdiction in each state and union territory of India. However, a high court exercises its original civil and criminal jurisdiction only if the subordinate courts are not authorized by law to try such matters for lack of pecuniary, territorial jurisdiction. High courts may also enjoy original jurisdiction in certain matters, if so designated specially by the constitution, a state or union law.

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  • Die High Courts in Indien sind die Obergerichte in den indischen Bundesstaaten. Ihre örtliche Zuständigkeit erstreckt sich über einen oder mehrere Bundesstaaten bzw. Unionsterritorien. Grundsätzliche Regelungen zu den High Courts sind unter Teil VI, Kapitel V (Artikel 214–231) der Verfassung Indiens getroffen. Die Richter an den High Courts werden durch den indischen Staatspräsidenten in Konsultation mit dem Chief Justice of India (dem Präsidenten des obersten indischen Gerichts) und dem jeweiligen Gouverneur des Bundesstaates ernannt. Derzeit gibt es 25 High Courts in Indien. Sitz der High Courts ist meist, aber nicht immer die jeweilige Hauptstadt des Bundesstaats. Der Calcutta High Court nahm am 2. Juli 1862 als erster seine Arbeit auf. Für einige High Courts wurden Zweigstellen an Orten mit hohen Fallzahlen bzw. in Bundesstaaten, dessen zuständiger High Court sich außerhalb des jeweiligen Bundesstaatsterritoriums befindet, eingerichtet. In Bundesstaaten/Unionsterritorien mit wenigen Fällen wurden nichtpermanente Außenstellen geschaffen. Am 20. Juli 2016 brachte die indische Regierung eine Gesetzesvorlage (High Courts (Alteration of Names) Bill, 2016) in die Lok Sabha ein, nach dem Bombay High Court, Madras High Court und Calcutta High Court künftig entsprechend der modernen Namen der Städte in Mumbai High Court, Chennai High Court und Kolkata High Court umbenannt werden sollen. Das Vorhaben stieß auf Widerstand. Die Richter am Calcutta High Court sprachen sich gegen die Aufgabe des historischen Namens aus. Das Parlament von Tamil Nadu votierte in einer Resolution für den Namen Tamil Nadu High Court anstelle von Chennai High Court. (de)
  • The High Courts of India are the highest courts of appellate jurisdiction in each state and union territory of India. However, a high court exercises its original civil and criminal jurisdiction only if the subordinate courts are not authorized by law to try such matters for lack of pecuniary, territorial jurisdiction. High courts may also enjoy original jurisdiction in certain matters, if so designated specially by the constitution, a state or union law. The work of most high courts primarily consists of appeals from lower courts and writ petitions in terms of Articles 226 and 227 of the constitution. Writ jurisdiction is also an original jurisdiction of a high court. Each state is divided into judicial districts presided over by a district and sessions judge. He is known as district judge when he presides over a civil case, and session's judge when he presides over a criminal case. He is the highest judicial authority below a high court judge. Below him, there are courts of civil jurisdiction, known by different names in different states. Under Article 141 of the constitution, all courts in India – including high courts – are bounded by the judgements and orders of the Supreme Court of India by precedence. Judges in a high court are appointed by the president of India in consultation with the chief justice of India and the governor of the state under Article 217 of the Constitution but through subsequent judicial interpretations, the primacy of the appointment process is on the hands of the Judicial Collegium. High courts are headed by a chief justice. The chief justices rank fourteenth (within their respective states) and seventeenth (outside their respective states) on the Indian order of precedence. The number of judges in a court is decided by dividing the average institution of main cases during the last five years by the national average, or the average rate of disposal of main cases per judge per year in that high court, whichever is higher. The Calcutta High Court is the oldest high court in the country, established on 2 July 1862. High courts that handle numerous cases of a particular region have permanent benches established there. Benches are also present in states which come under the jurisdiction of a court outside its territorial limits. Smaller states with few cases may have circuit benches established. Circuit benches (known as circuit courts in some parts of the world) are temporary courts which hold proceedings for a few selected months in a year. Thus cases built up during this interim period are judged when the circuit court is in session. According to a study conducted by Bangalore-based N.G.O, Daksh, on 21 high courts in collaboration with the Ministry of Law and Justice in March 2015, it was found that average pendency of a case in high courts in India is 3 years. The buildings of Bombay High Court (as part of the Victorian and art deco ensemble of Mumbai) and Punjab and Haryana High Court (as part of the architectural work of Le Corbusier) are UNESCO World Heritage Sites. (en)
  • Terdapat 25 Pengadilan Tinggi di tingkat di India yang, bersama dengan Mahkamah Agung India di tingkat nasional, mengatur . Setiap Pengadilan Tinggi memiliki yuridiksi atas sebuah negara bagian, sebuah atau sekelompok negara bagian dan teritorial uni. Pengadilan Tinggi di bawah ini adalah sebuah hierarki pengadilan subordinat seperti pengadilan sipil, pengadilan keluarga, pengadilan kriminal dan berbagai lainnya. pengadilan-Pengadilan Tinggi dilembagakan sebagai pengadilan- di bawah Bagian VI, Bab V, Artikel 214 Konstitusi India. (in)
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  • The Punjab and Haryana High Court is part of the Chandigarh Capitol Complex, a UNESCO World Heritage Site (en)
  • The Madras High Court in Chennai, one of the first four high courts of India (en)
  • New High Court Building of Andhra at Amaravati (en)
  • The Karnataka High Court in Bangalore (en)
  • The Allahabad High Court in Prayagraj, one of the first four high courts of India (en)
  • The Bombay High Court in Mumbai, one of the first four high courts of India and a World Heritage Site (en)
  • The Calcutta High Court in Kolkata, one of the first four high courts of India (en)
  • The Telangana High Court in Hyderabad. Built in 1919 it's one of the oldest high courts. (en)
  • A working day view of the Kerala High Court in Kochi (en)
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  • High Court of Karnataka, Bangalore MMK.jpg (en)
  • A_building_in_Chennai.JPG (en)
  • Allahabad high court.jpg (en)
  • Calcutta High Court.jpg (en)
  • Chandigarh High Court.jpg (en)
  • High Court of Andhra Pradesh, Amaravati 2.jpg (en)
  • High Court of Kerala Building.jpg (en)
  • High Court of Telangana in Hyderabad.jpg (en)
  • Mumbai 03-2016 40 Bombay High Court.jpg (en)
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  • Terdapat 25 Pengadilan Tinggi di tingkat di India yang, bersama dengan Mahkamah Agung India di tingkat nasional, mengatur . Setiap Pengadilan Tinggi memiliki yuridiksi atas sebuah negara bagian, sebuah atau sekelompok negara bagian dan teritorial uni. Pengadilan Tinggi di bawah ini adalah sebuah hierarki pengadilan subordinat seperti pengadilan sipil, pengadilan keluarga, pengadilan kriminal dan berbagai lainnya. pengadilan-Pengadilan Tinggi dilembagakan sebagai pengadilan- di bawah Bagian VI, Bab V, Artikel 214 Konstitusi India. (in)
  • Die High Courts in Indien sind die Obergerichte in den indischen Bundesstaaten. Ihre örtliche Zuständigkeit erstreckt sich über einen oder mehrere Bundesstaaten bzw. Unionsterritorien. Grundsätzliche Regelungen zu den High Courts sind unter Teil VI, Kapitel V (Artikel 214–231) der Verfassung Indiens getroffen. Die Richter an den High Courts werden durch den indischen Staatspräsidenten in Konsultation mit dem Chief Justice of India (dem Präsidenten des obersten indischen Gerichts) und dem jeweiligen Gouverneur des Bundesstaates ernannt. Derzeit gibt es 25 High Courts in Indien. Sitz der High Courts ist meist, aber nicht immer die jeweilige Hauptstadt des Bundesstaats. (de)
  • The High Courts of India are the highest courts of appellate jurisdiction in each state and union territory of India. However, a high court exercises its original civil and criminal jurisdiction only if the subordinate courts are not authorized by law to try such matters for lack of pecuniary, territorial jurisdiction. High courts may also enjoy original jurisdiction in certain matters, if so designated specially by the constitution, a state or union law. (en)
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  • Liste der High Courts in Indien (de)
  • Daftar Pengadilan Tinggi India (in)
  • High courts of India (en)
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