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In mathematics and computer algebra the factorization of a polynomial consists of decomposing it into a product of irreducible factors. This decomposition is theoretically possible and is unique for polynomials with coefficients in any field, but rather strong restrictions on the field of the coefficients are needed to allow the computation of the factorization by means of an algorithm. In practice, algorithms have been designed only for polynomials with coefficients in a finite field, in the field of rationals or in a finitely generated field extension of one of them.

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  • En matemáticas y cálculo simbólico la factorización de un polinomio consiste en descomponerlo en un producto de factores irreducibles. Esta descomposición es teóricamente posible y es única para polinomios con coeficientes en cualquier cuerpo, pero se necesitan restricciones bastante fuertes en el cuerpo de los coeficientes para permitir el cálculo de la factorización mediante un algoritmo. En la práctica, los algoritmos se han diseñado solo para polinomios con coeficientes en un cuerpo finito, en los números racionales o en una extensión de cuerpos de uno de ellos. Todos los algoritmos de factorización, incluido el caso de los polinomios con múltiples variables sobre los números racionales, reducen el problema a este caso; véase factorización de polinomios. También se utiliza para diversas aplicaciones de cuerpos finitos, como la teoría de códigos (códigos de verificación de redundancia cíclica y el ), criptografía (criptografía asimétrica mediante curvas elípticas) y teoría de números computacional. Como la reducción de la factorización de polinomios a la de polinomios de una variable no tiene especificidad en el caso de coeficientes en un cuerpo finito, en este artículo solo se consideran polinomios con una variable. (es)
  • In mathematics and computer algebra the factorization of a polynomial consists of decomposing it into a product of irreducible factors. This decomposition is theoretically possible and is unique for polynomials with coefficients in any field, but rather strong restrictions on the field of the coefficients are needed to allow the computation of the factorization by means of an algorithm. In practice, algorithms have been designed only for polynomials with coefficients in a finite field, in the field of rationals or in a finitely generated field extension of one of them. All factorization algorithms, including the case of multivariate polynomials over the rational numbers, reduce the problem to this case; see polynomial factorization. It is also used for various applications of finite fields, such as coding theory (cyclic redundancy codes and BCH codes), cryptography (public key cryptography by the means of elliptic curves), and computational number theory. As the reduction of the factorization of multivariate polynomials to that of univariate polynomials does not have any specificity in the case of coefficients in a finite field, only polynomials with one variable are considered in this article. (en)
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  • In mathematics and computer algebra the factorization of a polynomial consists of decomposing it into a product of irreducible factors. This decomposition is theoretically possible and is unique for polynomials with coefficients in any field, but rather strong restrictions on the field of the coefficients are needed to allow the computation of the factorization by means of an algorithm. In practice, algorithms have been designed only for polynomials with coefficients in a finite field, in the field of rationals or in a finitely generated field extension of one of them. (en)
  • En matemáticas y cálculo simbólico la factorización de un polinomio consiste en descomponerlo en un producto de factores irreducibles. Esta descomposición es teóricamente posible y es única para polinomios con coeficientes en cualquier cuerpo, pero se necesitan restricciones bastante fuertes en el cuerpo de los coeficientes para permitir el cálculo de la factorización mediante un algoritmo. En la práctica, los algoritmos se han diseñado solo para polinomios con coeficientes en un cuerpo finito, en los números racionales o en una extensión de cuerpos de uno de ellos. (es)
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  • Factorización de polinomios sobre cuerpos finitos (es)
  • Factorization of polynomials over finite fields (en)
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