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Chief White Eagle (c. 1825 - February 3, 1914) was a Native American politician and American civil rights leader who served as the hereditary chief of the Ponca from 1870 until 1904. His 34-year tenure as the Ponca head of state spanned the most consequential period of cultural and political change in their history, beginning with the unlawful Ponca Trail of Tears in 1877 and continuing through his successful effort to obtain justice for his people by utilizing the American media to wage a public relations campaign against the United States and President Rutherford B. Hayes. His advocacy against America's Indian removal policy following the Ponca Trail of Tears marked a shift in public opinion against the federal government's Indian policy that ended the policy of removal, placing him at t

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dbo:abstract
  • Chief White Eagle (c. 1825 - February 3, 1914) was a Native American politician and American civil rights leader who served as the hereditary chief of the Ponca from 1870 until 1904. His 34-year tenure as the Ponca head of state spanned the most consequential period of cultural and political change in their history, beginning with the unlawful Ponca Trail of Tears in 1877 and continuing through his successful effort to obtain justice for his people by utilizing the American media to wage a public relations campaign against the United States and President Rutherford B. Hayes. His advocacy against America's Indian removal policy following the Ponca Trail of Tears marked a shift in public opinion against the federal government's Indian policy that ended the policy of removal, placing him at the forefront of the nascent Native American civil rights movement in the second half of the 19th century. (en)
dbo:birthPlace
dbo:deathDate
  • 1914-02-04 (xsd:date)
dbo:deathPlace
dbo:nationality
dbo:originalName
  • Qithaska (en)
dbo:restingPlace
dbo:termPeriod
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  • 61163459 (xsd:integer)
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  • center (en)
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  • 1825 (xsd:integer)
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dbp:caption
  • Chief White Eagle in 1877 (en)
dbp:children
  • (en)
  • Grandchildren: (en)
  • Carrie Eagle (en)
  • Daughters : (en)
  • David Horsechief Eagle (en)
  • Elaine Eagle (en)
  • Emily Eagle (en)
  • Ethel Eagle (en)
  • Frank Eagle (en)
  • George Eagle (en)
  • Gladahme (en)
  • Horse Chief Eagle (en)
  • Mary Eagle (en)
  • McKinley Horse Chief Eagle (en)
  • Neahgewatha (en)
  • Ramona Eagle (en)
  • Sons : (en)
dbp:citizenship
  • Ponca (en)
dbp:deathDate
  • 1914-02-04 (xsd:date)
  • (en)
dbp:deathPlace
dbp:name
  • White Eagle (en)
dbp:nationality
  • Ponca (en)
dbp:nativeName
  • Qithaska (en)
dbp:office
  • Hereditary chief sovereign of the Ponca (en)
dbp:parents
  • (en)
  • Father: (en)
  • Iron Whip (en)
  • Little Bear or Buffalo Bull I (en)
  • Mother: (en)
  • Paternal grandfather: (en)
  • Wagahsapphe (en)
dbp:predecessor
  • Iron Whip (en)
dbp:quote
  • 0001-07-09 (xsd:gMonthDay)
  • "A chief by the name of Little Chief of the Warrior clan had a son who went on the warpath. Little Chief sat in his tent weeping because he had heard that his son was killed, for the young man did not return. As he wept he thought of various persons in the tribe whom he might call on to avenge the death of his son. As he cast about, he recalled a young man who belonged to a poor family and had no notable relations. The young man's name was Little Bear . Little Chief remembered that this young man dressed and painted himself in a peculiar manner, and thought that he did so that he might act in accordance with a dream, and therefore it was probable that he possessed more than ordinary power and courage. So Little Chief said to himself, “I will call on him and see what he can do.” Then Little Chief called together all the other subchiefs and when they were assembled he sent for Little Bear. On the arrival of the young man Little Chief addressed him, saying, “My son went on the warpath and has never returned. I do not know where his bones lie. I have only heard he has been killed. I wish you to go and find the land where he was killed. If you return successful four times, then I shall resign my place in your favor.” Little Bear accepted the offer. He had a sacred headdress that had on it a ball of human hair; he obtained the hair in this manner: Whenever men and women of his acquaintance combed their hair and any of the hair fell out, Little Bear asked to have the combings given to him. By and by he accumulated enough hair to make his peculiar headdress. This was a close-fitting skull cap of skin; on the front part was fastened the ball of human hair; on the back part were tied a downy eagle feather and one of the sharp-pointed feathers from the wing of that bird. He had another sacred article, a buffalo horn, which he fastened at his belt. Little Bear called a few warriors together and asked them to go with him, and they consented. Putting on his headdress and buffalo horn, he and his companions started. They met a party of Sioux, hunting. One of the Sioux made a charge at Little Bear, who fell over a bluff. The Sioux stood above him and shot arrows at him; one struck the headdress and the other the buffalo horn. After he had shot these two arrows the Sioux turned and fled. Little Bear, who was uninjured, climbed up the bluff, and, seeing the Sioux, drew his bow and shot the man through the head. Besides this scalp Little Bear and his party captured some ponies. On the return of the party Little Bear gave his share of the booty to the chief who had lost his son. Little Bear went on three other expeditions and always returned successful, and each time he gave his share of the spoils to the chief. When Little Bear came back the fourth time the chief kept his word and resigned his office in favor of the young man. Little Bear was my grandfather. When he died he was succeeded by his eldest son, Two Bulls. At his death his brother, Iron Whip who was my father, became chief, and I succeeded him.” (en)
  • Why do I find you here now armed against me? We had always believed that your government had ordered your soldiers to protect those who were peaceful and doing their duty, and to punish and bear arms only against those who had committed crimes. A short time ago I was here at work on my land. I was taken and left in the Indian Territory to find my way back alone. I thought that after being treated in the manner we were by this man [Kemble], that when I came home I would find a protection from my enemy in you. And now, instead, I find you armed against me.” I then turned to Kemble and said, “You profess to be a Christian, and to love God; and yet you would love to see bloodshed. Have you no pity on the tears of these helpless women and children? We would rather die here on our land than be forced to go. Kill us all here on our land now, so that in the future when men will ask, ‘Why have these died?’ it shall be answered, ‘They died rather than be forced to leave their land. They died to maintain their rights. And perhaps there will be found some who will pity us and say, ‘They only did what was right.’ (en)
  • "The storm, most disastrous of any that occurred during the removal of the Poncas under my charge, came suddenly upon us while in camp on the evening of this day. It was a storm such as I never before experienced, and of which I am unable to give an adequate description. The wind blew a fearful tornado, demolishing every tent in camp, and rending many of them into shreds, overturning wagons, and hurling wagon-boxes, camp equipages, etc., through the air in every direction like straws. Some of the people were taken up by the wind and carried as much as three hundred yards. Several of the Indians were quite seriously hurt, and one child died the next day from injuries received, and was given Christian burial." (en)
dbp:relations
  • (en)
  • Unknown (en)
  • Buffalo Bull II or Two Bulls (en)
  • Heqágajinga (en)
  • Julia Eagle (en)
  • Mary Eagle (en)
  • Siblings : (en)
  • Spouses : (en)
  • Victoria DeLodge Eagle (en)
  • Waqpéca (en)
dbp:restingPlace
  • Monument Hill Marland, Oklahoma (en)
dbp:succeeded
  • Horse Chief Eagle (en)
dbp:termend
  • 1904 (xsd:integer)
dbp:termstart
  • 1870 (xsd:integer)
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  • 36.56944444444444 -97.14472222222223
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  • Chief White Eagle (c. 1825 - February 3, 1914) was a Native American politician and American civil rights leader who served as the hereditary chief of the Ponca from 1870 until 1904. His 34-year tenure as the Ponca head of state spanned the most consequential period of cultural and political change in their history, beginning with the unlawful Ponca Trail of Tears in 1877 and continuing through his successful effort to obtain justice for his people by utilizing the American media to wage a public relations campaign against the United States and President Rutherford B. Hayes. His advocacy against America's Indian removal policy following the Ponca Trail of Tears marked a shift in public opinion against the federal government's Indian policy that ended the policy of removal, placing him at t (en)
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  • Chief White Eagle (en)
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  • White Eagle (en)
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