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- سفارت نامه هو شكل أدبي تركي قريب من السياحت نامه، إلا أنه يختص بسرد وقائع رحلات السفراء العثمانيين إلى البلدان الأجنبية. كانت كتب السفارت نامه تُكتب بأيدي السفراء، وهم موظفون رسميون في بلاط السلطان، ولذا كانت تتخذ شكلًا شبه رسمي. وتنقل هذه المؤلفات رؤية المثقفين العثمانيين آنذاك إلى العالم الخارجي، ولا سيما العالم الغربي. من أوائل نماذج السفارت نامه في الأدب العثماني سفارة نامه قره محمد جلبي، التي سرد فيها وقائع سفارته إلى فيينا سنة 1655. (ar)
- Sefāret-nāme (سفارت نامه), literally the book of embassy, was a genre in the Turkish literature which was closely related to seyahatname (the book of travels), but was specific to the recounting of journeys and experiences of an Ottoman ambassador in a foreign, usually European, land and capital. Sefâretnâme were edited by their authors with a view to their presentation to the Sultan and to his high administration, thus also bearing a semi-official character, their objective being to make them "feel" the foreign country in question, as much as informing on it. For this reason, and for the literary qualities that were sought in order to attain their objective, they remain of lasting interest for the general reader. The first example of the genre is admitted to be the sefâretnâme, relating his embassy in Vienna in 1665. Outstanding examples of the genre, mostly dating from the 18th century, are of particular value both in lasting literary terms and for the insights they provide for the Ottoman intelligentsia's perception of Western Europe at a time when that part of the world had visibly started to overtake other geographies of the world, including the Ottoman Empire, in terms of science, culture and development. Ottoman attempts to understand the reasons for the growing gap can explain the more and more frequent dispatch of ambassadors through the 18th century, who were later to have a permanent presence in European capitals, as well as the multiplication of sefâretnâme. The sense of curiosity their authors convey with regards to the Western culture they were examining was fully reciprocated by the curiosity they aroused among their Parisian and Berliner interlocutors, most of whom were getting in contact with Turks for the first time. The vivid accounts of the contacts and the respective commentaries made thereof draw the reader's curiosity to this day. Among notable sefâretname, those below can be cited;
* Sefaretnâme of Yirmisekiz Mehmed Çelebi, who was Turkey's first ambassador in Paris in 1720,
* Sefaretnâme of Ahmed Resmî Efendi, who was Turkey's first ambassador in Berlin in 1763/1764,
* Sefaretnâme of Giritli Ali Aziz Efendi, on his first mission as Turkey's ambassador to Prussia in 1796. There are up to forty examples of sefâretnâme, written by Ottoman ambassadors who held office in the 18th century and early-19th century in various posts including London, Paris, Berlin, Stockholm, Russia, Poland ("Lehistan" in Ottoman terminology), Italy, Spain, Iran, India, Morocco and Bukhara. Those with a reduced literary outset, presented more in the form a professional and topical memorandum were termed as takrir. (en)
- Sefâretnâme (سفارت نامه), letteralmente libro dell'ambasciata, era un genere di letteratura turca che era strettamente correlato ai seyahatname (libri di viaggio), ma era specifico per il racconto dei viaggi e delle esperienze di un ambasciatore Ottomano in terra straniera, di solito in Europa descrivendo paese e capitale. I Sefâretnâme venivano scritti, dai loro autori, in vista della loro presentazione al sultano e alla sua alta amministrazione, quindi anche se documento semi-ufficiale, il loro obiettivo è quello di far loro "sentire" il paese straniero in questione, oltre che a informarli su di esso. Per questo motivo, e per le qualità letterarie che furono ricercate per raggiungere il loro scopo, essi rimangono di interesse duraturo per il lettore. Il primo esempio del genere è il sefâretnâme di , relativo alla sua ambasciata a Vienna del 1655. Esempi notevoli del genere, per lo più risalenti al XVIII secolo, sono di particolare valore, sia in termini letterari che per rendere edotta l'intellighenzia ottomana sullo stato dell'Europa occidentale in un momento in cui quella parte del mondo aveva visibilmente iniziato a sorpassare le altre aree geografiche del mondo, tra cui l'Impero ottomano, in termini di scienza, cultura e sviluppo. Tentativi ottomani per capire le ragioni del crescente divario, possono spiegare l'invio sempre più frequente di ambasciatori, durante il XVIII secolo, che ebbero in seguito una presenza permanente nelle capitali europee, così come la moltiplicazione dei sefâretnâme. Il senso di curiosità che loro autori trasmettevano per quanto riguardava la cultura occidentale che stavano esaminando, veniva pienamente ricambiato dalla curiosità che essi suscitavano nei loro interlocutori di Parigi o Berlino, la maggior parte dei quali venivano in contatto con i turchi per la prima volta. I racconti dei contatti ed i rispettivi commenti facevano scaturire anche la curiosità del lettore. Fra i più noti sefâretname, si ricordano;
* Sefaretnâme di Yirmisekiz Mehmed Çelebi, primo ambasciatore turco a Parigi nel 1720,
* Sefaretnâme di Ahmed Resmî Efendi, primo ambasciatore a Berlino nel 1763/1764,
* Sefaretnâme di , prima missione diplomatica in Prussia inel 1796. Esistono più di quaranta esempi di sefâretnâme, scritti da ambasciatori ottomani, attivi fra il XVIII e il XIX secolo in diverse capitali, tra cui Londra, Parigi, Berlino, Stoccolma, Russia, Polonia ("Lehistan" nella terminologia ottomana), Italia, Spagna, Iran, India, Marocco e Bukhara. Quelli con un valore letterario ridotto, presentati più sotto forma di un memorandum professionale e di attualità, vennero definiti come takrir. (it)
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- سفارت نامه هو شكل أدبي تركي قريب من السياحت نامه، إلا أنه يختص بسرد وقائع رحلات السفراء العثمانيين إلى البلدان الأجنبية. كانت كتب السفارت نامه تُكتب بأيدي السفراء، وهم موظفون رسميون في بلاط السلطان، ولذا كانت تتخذ شكلًا شبه رسمي. وتنقل هذه المؤلفات رؤية المثقفين العثمانيين آنذاك إلى العالم الخارجي، ولا سيما العالم الغربي. من أوائل نماذج السفارت نامه في الأدب العثماني سفارة نامه قره محمد جلبي، التي سرد فيها وقائع سفارته إلى فيينا سنة 1655. (ar)
- Sefāret-nāme (سفارت نامه), literally the book of embassy, was a genre in the Turkish literature which was closely related to seyahatname (the book of travels), but was specific to the recounting of journeys and experiences of an Ottoman ambassador in a foreign, usually European, land and capital. Sefâretnâme were edited by their authors with a view to their presentation to the Sultan and to his high administration, thus also bearing a semi-official character, their objective being to make them "feel" the foreign country in question, as much as informing on it. For this reason, and for the literary qualities that were sought in order to attain their objective, they remain of lasting interest for the general reader. (en)
- Sefâretnâme (سفارت نامه), letteralmente libro dell'ambasciata, era un genere di letteratura turca che era strettamente correlato ai seyahatname (libri di viaggio), ma era specifico per il racconto dei viaggi e delle esperienze di un ambasciatore Ottomano in terra straniera, di solito in Europa descrivendo paese e capitale. I Sefâretnâme venivano scritti, dai loro autori, in vista della loro presentazione al sultano e alla sua alta amministrazione, quindi anche se documento semi-ufficiale, il loro obiettivo è quello di far loro "sentire" il paese straniero in questione, oltre che a informarli su di esso. Per questo motivo, e per le qualità letterarie che furono ricercate per raggiungere il loro scopo, essi rimangono di interesse duraturo per il lettore. (it)
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