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- Roman command structure during First Mithridatic War refers to the chain of command of the forces sent east by the government of Rome to exercise the Mithridatic War mandate, requiring those forces to defeat Mithridates VI of Pontus, who had evoked the ire of the Senatus Populusque Romanus (SPQR) by slaughtering all the Romans his adherents could find on a single, pre-arranged day, an event now termed the Asiatic Vespers. Previously in Roman history the war and the command structure would have been straightforward: the Senate would declare war, and the mandate to carry it out would be assigned to one of the two consuls elected for the year, with both being assigned if necessary, and ex-consuls being available as generals with the rank of proconsul. For a small war the consul might give the task to an immediate subordinate, a praetor, or if the task was small enough, a legate. Beginning in the times of the Mithridatic Wars, the mandates and the chains of command were complicated by a second, parallel series of conflicts, the Roman civil wars. The tension between the Patricians and the Plebeians had produced a system of two parties: the Populares and the Optimates. The government itself was bicameral. The Senate was a body of officials appointed from the senatorial class. Its purpose was to issue decrees, which were to be carried out by the two consuls, who were elected magistrates. Elections were performed and laws were passed by the Roman assemblies, of which there were different types. They were considered to be the populus, "people", in the formula SPQR ("senate and people of Rome"). The people were considered to be represented in particular by another class of elected magistrate, the Tribunes, who could intercede in the decrees of the Senate. Gradually the opposition developed that would lead to the end of the Republic. The tribunes were primarily populares. They relied for their authority on the laws of the assemblies. The consuls and praetors were primarily optimates. They took their authority from the Senate. Until the times of the Mithridatic Wars, the system seems to have been operative, supported by the custom of making an informal agreement, English "deal," featuring a quid pro quo, "something for something," for each side. Livy's basic word for this arrangement is a verb, convenire, "come together". Appian explains in Greek that in the period of the civil wars, this arrangement ceased to be effective: the magistrates attacked each other with all the resources at their command. Thus Sulla's forces going east in 87 BC to fight the Mithridatic war were faced with additional problems. The government on which they should have been able to rely for support was paralyzed by civil conflict of magistrate against magistrate. It was not always clear who was subordinate to whom and what their mandates were. Some Greek inscriptions found by archaeologists suggest a more precise view of the chain of command than can be gleaned from the historians. However the information from inscriptions is limited. For instance, in most cases the dates of the inscriptions are not known exactly. Only tentative conclusions can be drawn from them. (en)
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- Scythians
- Kingdom of Bithynia
- Roman Republic,
- Greek rebels
- Kingdom of Pontus,
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- 46137 (xsd:nonNegativeInteger)
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- A coin depicting Mithridates VI of Pontus. (en)
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| dbp:conflict
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- First Mithridatic War (en)
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| dbp:content
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- Rubbing in majuscules: (en)
- The Koinon of Athamanes honours Q. Brutius Sura ... presbeutes. (en)
- [τὸν ἑαυτοῦ σωτῆρα καὶ ε]ὐεργέτην.
Translation: (en)
- ΥΕΡΓΕΤΗΝ
Modernization with reconstruction: (en)
- ΤΙΜΑΙΔΕΚΑΙΕΙΚΟΝΙΧΑΛΚΗΙΑΡΕΤΗΣ (en)
- μένον τοῦ δήμου χρυσῶι στεφά- (en)
- αὐτήν τε καὶ τὸν υἱὸν αὐτῆς (en)
- [τὸ κοινὸν τῶν Ἀ]θαμάνων Κόϊντον Βραίτιο[ν] (en)
- ''[honors] the benificent quaestor (en)
- ὁ δῆμος ὁ Καυνίων ἐπαινεῖ (en)
- Λευκίου υἱὸν Μουρήναν εὐερ- (en)
- ΝΩΙΤΙΜΑΙΔΕΚΑΙΕΙΚΟΝΙΧΑΛΚΗΙΕΦΙΠΠΩΙ (en)
- ΟΔΗΜΟΣΟΚΑΥΝΙΩΝΕΠΑΙΝΕΙΚΑΙΣΤΕ- (en)
- :
ΗΜΟΣ (en)
- :
ΘΑΜΑΝΩΝΚΟΙΝΤΟΝΒΡΑΙΤΙΟ (en)
- νον τοῦ δήμου χρυσῶι στεφάνωι, (en)
- ὁ δῆμος ὁ Καυνίων ἐπαινεῖ καὶ στε- (en)
- [— — — — — — — ὑ]ιὸν Σούραν πρεσβευτὴν (en)
- ἀρετῆς ἕνεκεν καὶ εὐνοίας τῆς εἰς ἑαυτόν.
Translation: (en)
- Aulius Terentius Varro, son of Aulus, (en)
- Commander Lucius Licinius Murena, son of Lucius, (en)
- Gaius Licinius, son of Lucius, Murena, (en)
- ΑΡΕΤΗΣΕΝΕΚΕΝΚΑΙΕΥΝΟΙΑΣΤΗΣΕΙΣΕΑΥΤΟΝ
Modernization with reconstruction: (en)
- L. Licinius, son of Lucius, (en)
- L. Lucullus, son of L. Licinius'' (en)
- Lucius Sulla Imperator (en)
- Modernization and restoration: (en)
- Murena, imperator, (en)
- Paulla Terentia (en)
- Text from photograph of inscription: (en)
- The city [honors] (en)
- The koinon of the Ainianes (en)
- The people [honor?] (en)
- The people of the Kaunians honours and crowns (en)
- [τὸ κοιν]ον τῶν Αἰνιάνω[ν] (en)
- [ἁ π]όλις (en)
- and honours him with a bronze equestrian statue, (en)
- and honours him with a bronze statue, (en)
- as its benefactor. (en)
- both for hers and for that of her son (en)
- for virtue and kindness, (en)
- ΛΕΥΚΟΛΛΟΝΤΑΜΙΑΝΕΥΕΡΓΕ
Modernization with reconstruction: (en)
- legate. (en)
- of the people, with a gold crown, (en)
- thumb|175px|An example of RRC 367
'L·MANLI PRO·Q (en)
- who was benefactor and saviour (en)
- φανοῖ Λεύκιον Λικίνιον Λευκίου (en)
- καὶ εὐνοίας ἕνεκεν τῆς εἰς (en)
- Οὐάρρωνα πρεσβευτήν.
Translation: (en)
- 'L·SVLLA·IM
Lucius Manlius Torquatus Pro Quaestor (en)
- Αὖλον Τερέντιον Αὔλου υἱὸν (en)
- ΟΥΑΡΡΩΝΑΠΡΕΣΒΕΥΤΗΝ
Modernization with restoration: (en)
- Λεύκ̣[ιο]ν Λικίνιον [Λ]ευκίου. (en)
- τὸν αὑτᾶς εὐεργέταν.
Translation: (en)
- υἱὸν Μουρήναν αὐτοκράτορα, (en)
- ΕΝΕΚΕΝΚΑΙΕΥΝΟΙΑΣΤΗΣΕΙΣΕΑΥΤΟΝ
Modernization with reconstruction: (en)
- ΑΥΛΟΝΤΕΡΕΝΤΙΟΝΑΥΛΟΥ (en)
- ΑΥΤΗΝΚΑΙΤΟΝΥΙΟΝΑΥΤΗΣ (en)
- ΓΕΤΗΝΚΑΙΣΩΤΗΡΑΓΕΓΕΝΗΜΕ- (en)
- ΕΥΕΡΓΕΤΗΝΚΑΙΣΩΤΗΡΑΓΕΓΕΝΗ- (en)
- ΙΟΝΣΟΥΡΑΝΠΡΕΣΒΕΥΤΗΝ (en)
- ΚΑΙΕΥΝΟΙΑΣΕΝΕΚΕΝΗΣ ΕΙΣ (en)
- ΚΑΙΣΤΕΦΑΝΟΙΓΑΙΟΝΛΙΚΙΝΙΟΝ (en)
- ΛΕΥΚΙΟΥΥΙΟΝΜΟΥΡΗΝΑΝΕΥΕΡ- (en)
- ΜΕΝΟΝΤΟΥΔΗΜΟΥΧΡΥΣΩΙΣΤΕΦΑ- (en)
- ΝΟΝΤΟΥΔΗΜΟΥΧΡΥΣΩΙΣΤΕΦΑΝΩΙ (en)
- ΟΔΗΜΟΣΟΚΑΥΝΙΩΝΕΠΑΙΝΕΙ (en)
- ΟΝΛΙΚΙΝΙΟΝΛΕΥΚΙΟΥ (en)
- ΟΝΤΩΝΑΙΝΙΑΝΩ (en)
- ΠΩΙΛΛΑΝΤΕΡΕΝΤΙΑIΗΣ (en)
- Πῶλλαν Τερεντία[ν ἀρ]ετῆς (en)
- ΥΙΟΝΜΟΥΡΗΝΑΝΑΥΤΟΚΡΑΤΟΡΑ (en)
- γέτην καὶ σωτῆρα γεγενημέ- (en)
- [υ]ἱ[ὸ]ν̣ Μουρῆναν ἰμπεράτορα, (en)
- νωι, τιμᾶι δὲ καὶ εἰκόνι χαλκῆι ἐφίππωι (en)
- καὶ στεφανοῖ Γάϊον Λικίνιον (en)
- ΦΑΝΟΙΛΕΥΚΙΟΝΛΙΚΙΝΙΟΝΛΕΥΚΙΟΥ (en)
- — — —[ὁ δ]ῆμος— — — (en)
- on account of his goodness and his benevolence towards it. (en)
- [Λεύκι]ον Λικίνιον Λευκίου [υἰὸν] (en)
- ἕνεκεν καὶ εὐνοίας τῆς εἰς ἑαυτόν.
Translation: (en)
- τιμᾶι δὲ καὶ εἰκόνι χαλκῆι ἀρετῆς (en)
- εὐεργέτην καὶ σωτῆρα γεγενη- (en)
- Λεύκολλον Ταμίαν εὐεργέ[ταν].
Translation: (en)
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- the Mithridatic Wars (en)
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- Asia Minor, Achaea and the Aegean Sea. (en)
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- Mithridates left in control of only Pontus (en)
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- Honorific inscription at Larissa (en)
- Carian inscription (en)
- Homage to Gaius (en)
- Homage to Lucius (en)
- Honorific inscription at Hypata (en)
- Honorific inscription at Messene (en)
- RRC 367/4 (en)
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- 300 (xsd:integer)
- 350 (xsd:integer)
- 390 (xsd:integer)
- 470 (xsd:integer)
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- Roman command structure during First Mithridatic War refers to the chain of command of the forces sent east by the government of Rome to exercise the Mithridatic War mandate, requiring those forces to defeat Mithridates VI of Pontus, who had evoked the ire of the Senatus Populusque Romanus (SPQR) by slaughtering all the Romans his adherents could find on a single, pre-arranged day, an event now termed the Asiatic Vespers. Previously in Roman history the war and the command structure would have been straightforward: the Senate would declare war, and the mandate to carry it out would be assigned to one of the two consuls elected for the year, with both being assigned if necessary, and ex-consuls being available as generals with the rank of proconsul. For a small war the consul might give the (en)
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- Roman command structure during First Mithridatic War (en)
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- First Mithridatic War (en)
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