Matthew Connelly (born November 25, 1967) is an American professor of international and global history at Columbia University. His areas of expertise include the global Cold War, official secrecy, population control, and decolonization. He is the author of Fatal Misconception: The Struggle to Control World Population, A Diplomatic Revolution: Algeria's Fight for Independence and the Origins of the Post-Cold War Era, and articles on international and domestic politics for The Atlantic Monthly, The New York Times, The National Interest, and Le Monde. Connelly is also the founder and principal investigator of History Lab.