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- يصف تأريخ معركة فرنسا كيف أوضح المؤرخون وغيرهم النصر الألماني على القوات الفرنسية والبريطانية في معركة فرنسا. وجد الكثير من الناس في عام 1940 سقوط فرنسا غير متوقع ويهز الأرض. يلاحظ ألكساندر أن بلجيكا وهولندا سقطتا بيد الجيش الألماني في غضون أيام وأن البريطانيين سرعان ما تم إعادتهم إلى الجزر البريطانية، «But it was France's downfall that stunned the watching world. The shock was all the greater because the trauma was not limited to a catastrophic and deeply embarrassing defeat of her military forces – it also involved the unleashing of a conservative political revolution that, on 10 July 1940, interred the Third Republic and replaced it with the authoritarian, collaborationist Etat Français of Vichy. All this was so deeply disorienting because France had been regarded as a great power....The collapse of France, however, was a different case (a 'هزيمة غريبة' as it was dubbed in the haunting phrase of the Sorbonne's great medieval historian and Resistance martyr, مارك بلوك).» – Alexander (ar)
- The historiography of the Battle of France describes how the German victory over French and British forces in the Battle of France had been explained by historians and others. Many people in 1940 found the fall of France unexpected and earth shaking. Alexander notes that Belgium and the Netherlands fell to the German army in a matter of days and the British were soon driven back to the British Isles, But it was France's downfall that stunned the watching world. The shock was all the greater because the trauma was not limited to a catastrophic and deeply embarrassing defeat of her military forces – it also involved the unleashing of a conservative political revolution that, on 10 July 1940, interred the Third Republic and replaced it with the authoritarian, collaborationist Etat Français of Vichy. All this was so deeply disorienting because France had been regarded as a great power....The collapse of France, however, was a different case (a 'strange defeat' as it was dubbed in the haunting phrase of the Sorbonne's great medieval historian and Resistance martyr, Marc Bloch). — Alexander (en)
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