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The First Ostend Raid (part of Operation ZO) was the first of two attacks by the Royal Navy on the German-held port of Ostend during the late spring of 1918 during the First World War. Ostend was attacked in conjunction with the neighbouring harbour of Zeebrugge on 23 April in order to block the vital strategic port of Bruges, situated 6 mi (5.2 nmi; 9.7 km) inland and ideally sited to conduct raiding operations on the British coastline and shipping lanes. Bruges and its satellite ports were a vital part of the German plans in their war on Allied commerce (Handelskrieg) because Bruges was close to the troopship lanes across the English Channel and allowed much quicker access to the Western Approaches for the U-boat fleet than their bases in Germany.

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dbo:abstract
  • The First Ostend Raid (part of Operation ZO) was the first of two attacks by the Royal Navy on the German-held port of Ostend during the late spring of 1918 during the First World War. Ostend was attacked in conjunction with the neighbouring harbour of Zeebrugge on 23 April in order to block the vital strategic port of Bruges, situated 6 mi (5.2 nmi; 9.7 km) inland and ideally sited to conduct raiding operations on the British coastline and shipping lanes. Bruges and its satellite ports were a vital part of the German plans in their war on Allied commerce (Handelskrieg) because Bruges was close to the troopship lanes across the English Channel and allowed much quicker access to the Western Approaches for the U-boat fleet than their bases in Germany. The plan of attack was for the British raiding force to sink two obsolete cruisers in the canal mouth at Ostend and three at Zeebrugge, thus preventing raiding ships leaving Bruges. The Ostend canal was the smaller and narrower of the two channels giving access to Bruges and so was considered a secondary target behind the Zeebrugge Raid. Consequently, fewer resources were provided to the force assaulting Ostend. While the attack at Zeebrugge garnered some limited success, the assault on Ostend was a complete failure. The German marines who defended the port had taken careful preparations and drove the British assault ships astray, forcing the abortion of the operation at the final stage. Three weeks after the failure of the operation, a second attack was launched which proved more successful in sinking a blockship at the entrance to the canal but ultimately did not close off Bruges completely. Further plans to attack Ostend came to nothing during the summer of 1918, and the threat from Bruges would not be finally stopped until the last days of the war, when the town was liberated by Allied land forces. (en)
  • Le premier raid sur Ostende fait partie de l'Opération Zo. C'est la première des deux attaques de la Royal Navy sur le port d'Ostende aux mains de l'Allemagne à la fin de l'été 1918 pendant la Première Guerre mondiale. (fr)
  • 第1次オーステンデ襲撃(ZO作戦の一部)は、第一次世界大戦中の1918年春にイギリス海軍により実施された、ドイツ軍占領下のオーステンデ港に対する2度の攻撃の最初のものである。オーステンデは4月23日に近くの港と同時に攻撃された。目的は、10km内陸に位置しイギリス沿岸や航路に対する攻撃を実施するに当たって理想的な場所である、きわめて戦略上重要なブルッヘ港を封鎖することであった。ブルッヘやその衛星港は、大西洋の戦いにおけるドイツ軍の計画において重要な位置を占めていた。なぜなら、ブルッヘはイギリス海峡を横断する兵員輸送船の航路に近く、またUボートがウエスタンアプローチへ出撃する際ドイツ本国からよりも所要時間が早く済むからであった。 攻撃計画は、旧式巡洋艦をオーステンデの運河入り口には2隻、ゼーブルッヘでは3隻沈め、ブルッヘからの敵艦の出撃を阻止するというものであった。オーステンデ運河はブルッヘへ通じるもう一つの運河より小規模で狭く、そのためゼーブルッヘよりは重要な目標ではないとされていた。ゼーブルッヘ襲撃では一定の成果があったが、オーステンデ襲撃は完全な失敗に終わった。港を守備するドイツの海兵隊は綿密な準備をしており、イギリスの襲撃部隊を迷わせ最終段階で作戦を失敗に追い込んだ。 攻撃の失敗から3週間後、が実行され運河入り口に閉塞船を沈めることに成功した。だが、結局はブルッヘ港を完全に封鎖は出来なかった。更なる攻撃計画は1918年夏の間に消え去り、ブルッヘからの脅威はそこが連合国軍により解放される戦争末期までなくなることはなかった。 (ja)
  • Il primo raid di Ostenda (parte dell'Operazione ZO) è stata un'azione compiuta dalla Royal Navy britannica durante la prima guerra mondiale con l'obiettivo di bloccare l'accesso al porto omonimo, vicino al porto di Bruges oggetto di un contemporaneo attacco che veniva largamente utilizzato dalla Kaiserliche Marine tedesca come base per gli U-Boot e il naviglio leggero; inoltre la vicinanza di questi porti alle rotte di rifornimento britanniche attraverso la manica rappresentavano una continua minaccia alla continuità dello sforzo bellico della British Expeditionary Force. Gli attacchi vennero sferrati nella tarda primavera del 1918. Il primo tentativo di bloccare contemporaneamente Ostenda e Zeebrugge venne attuato il 23 aprile. Da questi approdi gli U-Boot riuscivano inoltre a raggiungere con poca fatica i Western Approaches rispetto alla navigazione necessaria partendo dalle basi tedesche. Il piano di attacco prevedeva di affondare due incrociatori ormai obsoleti alla bocca del canale di Ostenda e tre a Zeebrugge, bloccando quindi all'interno tutte le navi e i sommergibili presenti. Il primo canale, più stretto e meno profondo, era ritenuto un obiettivo secondario e di conseguenza vennero assegnate relativamente poche forze a questo assalto. Mentre l'attacco a Zeebrugge raggiunse almeno parzialmente i suoi obiettivi, il raid di Ostenda fu un fallimento completo. Le truppe tedesche a difesa del porto, ben preparate per un eventuale attacco, riuscirono a disorientare le forze britanniche, costringendo quindi a sospendere l'operazione mentre era già in corso. Tre settimane dopo il fallimento, venne lanciato un secondo attacco che ebbe maggior successo, con l'affondamento di una nave all'imbocco del canale, senza riuscire però a chiudere completamente il passaggio per Bruges. Nuovi piano per attaccare ulteriormente la zona durante l'estate del 1918 non vennero messi in atto e le basi tedesche in zona rimasero una minaccia costante fino alla fine del conflitto, quando la città venne liberata dalle forze di terra francesi e britanniche. (it)
  • De eerste aanval op de haven van Oostende tijdens de Eerste Wereldoorlog (Operatie ZO) was de eerste van twee Britse aanvallen op de haven van Oostende in 1918 met het doel de vaargeul te blokkeren zodat Duitse U-boten niet meer konden uitvaren. Tegelijkertijd werd ook de haven van Zeebrugge aangevallen. (nl)
dbo:causalties
  • Unknown
dbo:combatant
  • British Empire
dbo:commander
dbo:date
  • 1918-04-24 (xsd:date)
dbo:isPartOfMilitaryConflict
dbo:place
dbo:result
  • German victory
dbo:strength
  • Shore defences
  • see British order of battle below
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dbp:caption
  • North Sea (en)
dbp:casualties
  • Unknown (en)
  • Unknown, negligible (en)
dbp:combatant
  • British Empire (en)
dbp:commander
  • Alfred Godsal (en)
  • Hubert Lynes (en)
dbp:conflict
  • First Ostend Raid (en)
dbp:date
  • 0001-04-24 (xsd:gMonthDay)
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  • 300 (xsd:integer)
dbp:partof
dbp:place
  • Ostend, Belgium (en)
dbp:result
  • German victory (en)
dbp:strength
  • Shore defences (en)
  • see British order of battle below (en)
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  • Le premier raid sur Ostende fait partie de l'Opération Zo. C'est la première des deux attaques de la Royal Navy sur le port d'Ostende aux mains de l'Allemagne à la fin de l'été 1918 pendant la Première Guerre mondiale. (fr)
  • De eerste aanval op de haven van Oostende tijdens de Eerste Wereldoorlog (Operatie ZO) was de eerste van twee Britse aanvallen op de haven van Oostende in 1918 met het doel de vaargeul te blokkeren zodat Duitse U-boten niet meer konden uitvaren. Tegelijkertijd werd ook de haven van Zeebrugge aangevallen. (nl)
  • The First Ostend Raid (part of Operation ZO) was the first of two attacks by the Royal Navy on the German-held port of Ostend during the late spring of 1918 during the First World War. Ostend was attacked in conjunction with the neighbouring harbour of Zeebrugge on 23 April in order to block the vital strategic port of Bruges, situated 6 mi (5.2 nmi; 9.7 km) inland and ideally sited to conduct raiding operations on the British coastline and shipping lanes. Bruges and its satellite ports were a vital part of the German plans in their war on Allied commerce (Handelskrieg) because Bruges was close to the troopship lanes across the English Channel and allowed much quicker access to the Western Approaches for the U-boat fleet than their bases in Germany. (en)
  • Il primo raid di Ostenda (parte dell'Operazione ZO) è stata un'azione compiuta dalla Royal Navy britannica durante la prima guerra mondiale con l'obiettivo di bloccare l'accesso al porto omonimo, vicino al porto di Bruges oggetto di un contemporaneo attacco che veniva largamente utilizzato dalla Kaiserliche Marine tedesca come base per gli U-Boot e il naviglio leggero; inoltre la vicinanza di questi porti alle rotte di rifornimento britanniche attraverso la manica rappresentavano una continua minaccia alla continuità dello sforzo bellico della British Expeditionary Force. Gli attacchi vennero sferrati nella tarda primavera del 1918. Il primo tentativo di bloccare contemporaneamente Ostenda e Zeebrugge venne attuato il 23 aprile. Da questi approdi gli U-Boot riuscivano inoltre a raggiungere (it)
  • 第1次オーステンデ襲撃(ZO作戦の一部)は、第一次世界大戦中の1918年春にイギリス海軍により実施された、ドイツ軍占領下のオーステンデ港に対する2度の攻撃の最初のものである。オーステンデは4月23日に近くの港と同時に攻撃された。目的は、10km内陸に位置しイギリス沿岸や航路に対する攻撃を実施するに当たって理想的な場所である、きわめて戦略上重要なブルッヘ港を封鎖することであった。ブルッヘやその衛星港は、大西洋の戦いにおけるドイツ軍の計画において重要な位置を占めていた。なぜなら、ブルッヘはイギリス海峡を横断する兵員輸送船の航路に近く、またUボートがウエスタンアプローチへ出撃する際ドイツ本国からよりも所要時間が早く済むからであった。 攻撃計画は、旧式巡洋艦をオーステンデの運河入り口には2隻、ゼーブルッヘでは3隻沈め、ブルッヘからの敵艦の出撃を阻止するというものであった。オーステンデ運河はブルッヘへ通じるもう一つの運河より小規模で狭く、そのためゼーブルッヘよりは重要な目標ではないとされていた。ゼーブルッヘ襲撃では一定の成果があったが、オーステンデ襲撃は完全な失敗に終わった。港を守備するドイツの海兵隊は綿密な準備をしており、イギリスの襲撃部隊を迷わせ最終段階で作戦を失敗に追い込んだ。 (ja)
rdfs:label
  • First Ostend Raid (en)
  • Primo raid di Ostenda (it)
  • Premier raid sur Ostende (fr)
  • 第1次オーステンデ襲撃 (ja)
  • Eerste aanval op de haven van Oostende (nl)
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