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- علم البناء هو مجموعة من المعارف والخبرات العلمية التي تركز على تحليل ومراقبة الظواهر الفيزيائية، التي تؤثر على المباني والهندسة المعمارية. ويشمل تقليدياً مجالات مثل مواد البناء، وبناء المغلف، والتدفئة، وأنظمة التهوية وتكييف الهواء، والإضاءة الطبيعية والكهربائية، ونوعية الهواء في الأماكن المغلقة، والاستراتيجيات السلبية، والحماية من الحريق، والطاقات المتجددة في المباني. الغرض العملي من علم بناء هو توفير القدرة التنبؤية لتحسين أداء المبنى للمباني الجديدة والقائمة، وفهم أو منع فشل المباني، وتوجيه تصميم التقنيات والتقنيات الجديدة. (ar)
- Building science is the science and technology-driven collection of knowledge in order to provide better indoor environmental quality (IEQ), energy-efficient built environments, and occupant comfort and satisfaction. Building physics, architectural science, and applied physics are terms used for the knowledge domain that overlaps with building science. In building science, the methods used in natural and hard sciences are widely applied, which may include controlled and quasi-experiments, randomized control, physical measurements, remote sensing, and simulations. On the other hand, methods from social and soft sciences, such as case study, interviews & focus group, observational method, surveys, and experience sampling, are also widely used in building science to understand occupant satisfaction, comfort, and experiences by acquiring qualitative data. One of the recent trends in building science is a combination of the two different methods. For instance, it is widely known that occupants’ thermal sensation and comfort may vary depending on their sex, age, emotion, experiences, etc even in the same indoor environment. Despite the advancement in data extraction and collection technology in building science, objective measurements alone can hardly represent occupants' state of mind such as comfort and preference. Therefore, researchers are trying to measure both physical contexts and understand human responses to figure out complex interrelationships. Building science traditionally includes the study of indoor thermal environment, indoor acoustic environment, indoor light environment, indoor air quality, and building resource use, including energy and building material use. These areas are studied in terms of physical principles, relationship to building occupant health, comfort, and productivity, and how they can be controlled by the building envelope and electrical and mechanical systems. The National Institute of Building Sciences (NIBS) additionally includes the areas of building information modeling, building commissioning, fire protection engineering, seismic design and resilient design within its scope. One of the practical purpose of building science is to provide predictive capability to optimize the building performance and sustainability of new and existing buildings, understand or prevent building failures, and guide the design of new techniques and technologies. (en)
- La scienza delle costruzioni è quella disciplina fisico-ingegneristica che si occupa di costruire e utilizzare modelli fisico-matematici e sperimentali che descrivano il comportamento statico e dinamico della struttura resistente di un manufatto e delle sue componenti (elementi strutturali) sotto l'effetto di varie azioni o sollecitazioni (forze esterne, variazioni termiche, eventi sismici, ecc.). Come tale, il suo fine prevalente è quello di sviluppare una mentalità operativa che porti a riconoscere, impostare e risolvere problemi di resistenza delle strutture. (it)
- Строительная наука это набор научных знаний и опыта, сосредоточенных на анализе и контроле физических, химических и биологических явлений, касающихся строительства и архитектуры. Традиционно она включает в себя детальный анализ строительных материалов и ограждающих конструкций, пожарной безопасности, звукоизоляции, инсоляции, а также механизмов движения тепла и влаги. Практические цели строительной науки — предоставить предсказуемые решения для оптимизации эффективности зданий, и понимание и предотвращение ошибок в строительстве. (ru)
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- علم البناء هو مجموعة من المعارف والخبرات العلمية التي تركز على تحليل ومراقبة الظواهر الفيزيائية، التي تؤثر على المباني والهندسة المعمارية. ويشمل تقليدياً مجالات مثل مواد البناء، وبناء المغلف، والتدفئة، وأنظمة التهوية وتكييف الهواء، والإضاءة الطبيعية والكهربائية، ونوعية الهواء في الأماكن المغلقة، والاستراتيجيات السلبية، والحماية من الحريق، والطاقات المتجددة في المباني. الغرض العملي من علم بناء هو توفير القدرة التنبؤية لتحسين أداء المبنى للمباني الجديدة والقائمة، وفهم أو منع فشل المباني، وتوجيه تصميم التقنيات والتقنيات الجديدة. (ar)
- La scienza delle costruzioni è quella disciplina fisico-ingegneristica che si occupa di costruire e utilizzare modelli fisico-matematici e sperimentali che descrivano il comportamento statico e dinamico della struttura resistente di un manufatto e delle sue componenti (elementi strutturali) sotto l'effetto di varie azioni o sollecitazioni (forze esterne, variazioni termiche, eventi sismici, ecc.). Come tale, il suo fine prevalente è quello di sviluppare una mentalità operativa che porti a riconoscere, impostare e risolvere problemi di resistenza delle strutture. (it)
- Строительная наука это набор научных знаний и опыта, сосредоточенных на анализе и контроле физических, химических и биологических явлений, касающихся строительства и архитектуры. Традиционно она включает в себя детальный анализ строительных материалов и ограждающих конструкций, пожарной безопасности, звукоизоляции, инсоляции, а также механизмов движения тепла и влаги. Практические цели строительной науки — предоставить предсказуемые решения для оптимизации эффективности зданий, и понимание и предотвращение ошибок в строительстве. (ru)
- Building science is the science and technology-driven collection of knowledge in order to provide better indoor environmental quality (IEQ), energy-efficient built environments, and occupant comfort and satisfaction. Building physics, architectural science, and applied physics are terms used for the knowledge domain that overlaps with building science. In building science, the methods used in natural and hard sciences are widely applied, which may include controlled and quasi-experiments, randomized control, physical measurements, remote sensing, and simulations. On the other hand, methods from social and soft sciences, such as case study, interviews & focus group, observational method, surveys, and experience sampling, are also widely used in building science to understand occupant satisf (en)
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