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Abu'l-Ḥasan ʿAlī ibn Aḥmad al-Sammuqī (Arabic: أبو الحسن علي بن أحمد السموقي), better known as Bahāʾ al-Dīn al-Muqtanā (Arabic: بهاء الدين المقتنى; died after 1042), was an 11th-century Isma'ili missionary, and one of the founders of the Druze religion. His early life is obscure, but he may have been a Fatimid official. By 1020 he was one of the chief disciples of the founder of the Druze faith, Hamza ibn Ali ibn Ahmad. The disappearance of Fatimid caliph al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah, considered by the Druze to be the manifestation of God, in 1021, inaugurated a period of anti-Druze persecution. Al-Muqtana took over the leadership of the remnants of the Druze movement in 1027, and led the missionary activity (the "divine call") of the widely scattered Druze communities until 1042, when he issued

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  • المقتنى بهاء الدين أبي الحسن علي بن أحمد (979م - 1043م) المعروف ” بالضيف“، هو الحد الخامس من الحدود في المذهب التوحيدي، ومرتبته الجناح الأيسر، أو التالي. يعد من مؤسسي المذهب وهو من اقفل باب الاجتهاد والدعوة فيها. كان يلقب أيضا بلسان المؤمنين وسند الموحدين. تولى شؤون الدعوة التوحيدية بعد اختفاء حمزة الزوزني كما كتب الكثير من الرسائـل واستمـر في نشاطه حتى اعتزاله بسبب الاضطرابات التي لحقت بالمذهب، وأقفل باب الاجتهاد حرصاً على الأصول والأحكام. ولد في قرية صغيرة تدعى سموقا في نواحي حلب في سوريا تسمى السموقة لذلك دعي بالسموقي واصله يعود إلى قبيلة طيء العربية. (ar)
  • Abu'l-Ḥasan ʿAlī ibn Aḥmad al-Sammuqī (Arabic: أبو الحسن علي بن أحمد السموقي), better known as Bahāʾ al-Dīn al-Muqtanā (Arabic: بهاء الدين المقتنى; died after 1042), was an 11th-century Isma'ili missionary, and one of the founders of the Druze religion. His early life is obscure, but he may have been a Fatimid official. By 1020 he was one of the chief disciples of the founder of the Druze faith, Hamza ibn Ali ibn Ahmad. The disappearance of Fatimid caliph al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah, considered by the Druze to be the manifestation of God, in 1021, inaugurated a period of anti-Druze persecution. Al-Muqtana took over the leadership of the remnants of the Druze movement in 1027, and led the missionary activity (the "divine call") of the widely scattered Druze communities until 1042, when he issued his farewell epistle (Risālat al-Ghayba, 'Epistle of Occultation'), in which he announced his retirement and the closing of the divine call due to the imminence of the end times. The Druze have been a closed community ever since. Al-Muqtana's epistles comprise four of the six books of the Druze scripture, the Epistles of Wisdom. (en)
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  • Heinz Halm (en)
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  • Heinz (en)
  • Daniel (en)
  • I. (en)
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  • De Smet (en)
  • Halm (en)
  • Kratschkowsky (en)
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  • al-Muḳtanā (en)
  • Ḥamza b. ʿAlī (en)
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  • المقتنى بهاء الدين أبي الحسن علي بن أحمد (979م - 1043م) المعروف ” بالضيف“، هو الحد الخامس من الحدود في المذهب التوحيدي، ومرتبته الجناح الأيسر، أو التالي. يعد من مؤسسي المذهب وهو من اقفل باب الاجتهاد والدعوة فيها. كان يلقب أيضا بلسان المؤمنين وسند الموحدين. تولى شؤون الدعوة التوحيدية بعد اختفاء حمزة الزوزني كما كتب الكثير من الرسائـل واستمـر في نشاطه حتى اعتزاله بسبب الاضطرابات التي لحقت بالمذهب، وأقفل باب الاجتهاد حرصاً على الأصول والأحكام. ولد في قرية صغيرة تدعى سموقا في نواحي حلب في سوريا تسمى السموقة لذلك دعي بالسموقي واصله يعود إلى قبيلة طيء العربية. (ar)
  • Abu'l-Ḥasan ʿAlī ibn Aḥmad al-Sammuqī (Arabic: أبو الحسن علي بن أحمد السموقي), better known as Bahāʾ al-Dīn al-Muqtanā (Arabic: بهاء الدين المقتنى; died after 1042), was an 11th-century Isma'ili missionary, and one of the founders of the Druze religion. His early life is obscure, but he may have been a Fatimid official. By 1020 he was one of the chief disciples of the founder of the Druze faith, Hamza ibn Ali ibn Ahmad. The disappearance of Fatimid caliph al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah, considered by the Druze to be the manifestation of God, in 1021, inaugurated a period of anti-Druze persecution. Al-Muqtana took over the leadership of the remnants of the Druze movement in 1027, and led the missionary activity (the "divine call") of the widely scattered Druze communities until 1042, when he issued (en)
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  • المقتنى بهاء الدين (ar)
  • Baha al-Din al-Muqtana (en)
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