The 1986 Individual Speedway World Championship was the 41st edition of the official World Championship to determine the world champion rider. Hans Nielsen finally won his first world title after finishing in second place during the two previous Championships. He lost his first ride to arch rival and defending champion Erik Gundersen but then won his next four rides to be crowned the champion. Fellow Dane Jan O. Pedersen took silver and England's Kelvin Tatum took the bronze while Gundersen faded into tenth place. It was the fourth final to be held at the Silesian Stadium in Poland.