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- Les eleccions al Parlament del Regne Unit de 1979 es van celebrar el 3 de maig de 1979. El Partit Conservador va guanyar al Partit Laborista, molt desgastat per la greu crisi econòmica, l'alta taxa d'atur, les protestes d'hivern de 1978 i el fracàs del referèndum escocès de 1978. Per primer cop en la història del Regne Unit, una dona, Margaret Thatcher, seria primer ministre. (ca)
- The 1979 United Kingdom general election was held on Thursday 3 May 1979 to elect 635 members to the British House of Commons. The Conservative Party, led by Margaret Thatcher, ousted the incumbent Labour government of James Callaghan with a parliamentary majority of 44 seats. The election was the first of four consecutive election victories for the Conservative Party, and Thatcher became the United Kingdom's and Europe's first elected female head of government, marking the beginning of 18 years in government for the Conservatives and 18 years in opposition for Labour. Unusually, the date chosen coincided with the 1979 local elections. The local government results provided some source of comfort to the Labour Party, who recovered some lost ground from local election reversals in previous years, despite losing the general election. The parish council elections were pushed back a few weeks. The previous parliamentary term had begun in October 1974, when Harold Wilson led Labour to a majority of three seats, seven months after forming a minority government following a hung parliament and the failure of Edward Heath's Conservative government to form a coalition with the Liberals. Wilson had previously led the party in government from October 1964 to June 1970, and had served as party leader since February 1963. However, after just two years back in Downing Street he had resigned as Prime Minister, and was succeeded by James Callaghan, and within a year the government's narrow parliamentary majority had gone. Callaghan made agreements with the Liberals and later the Ulster Unionists, as well as the Scottish and Welsh nationalists, in order to remain in power. This pact lasted until July 1978. However, on 28 March 1979, following the defeat of the Scottish devolution referendum, Thatcher tabled a motion of no confidence in Callaghan's Labour government, which was passed by just one vote (311 to 310), triggering a general election five months before the end of the government's term. The Labour campaign was hampered by a series of industrial disputes and strikes during the winter of 1978–79, known as the Winter of Discontent, and the party focused its campaign on support for the National Health Service and full employment. After intense media speculation that a general election would be held before the end of 1978, Callaghan had announced early in the autumn of that year that a general election would not take place that year, having received private polling data which suggested a parliamentary majority was unlikely. The Conservative campaign employed the advertising agency Saatchi & Saatchi, and pledged to control inflation as well as curbing the power of the trade unions. The Conservatives also ran their campaign on the theme that "Labour Isn't Working" (unemployment reached a 40-year high of 1.5 million during 1978). The Liberal Party was damaged by allegations that its former leader Jeremy Thorpe had been involved in a homosexual affair, and had conspired to murder his former lover. The Liberals were now being led by David Steel, meaning that all three major parties entered the election with a new leader. The election saw a 5.2% swing from Labour to the Conservatives, the largest swing since the 1945 election, which Clement Attlee won for Labour. Margaret Thatcher became Prime Minister, and Callaghan was replaced as Labour leader by Michael Foot in 1980. Results for the election were broadcast live on the BBC, and presented by David Dimbleby and Robin Day, with Robert McKenzie on the "Swingometer", and further analysis provided by David Butler. It was the first general election to feature Rick Wakeman's song "Arthur" during the BBC's coverage. Because of the anaemic economic and social backdrop in this election, it presaged the 1980 United States presidential election which occurred in 18 months later in which under similar circumstances, incumbent US President Jimmy Carter, like James Callaghan, was also defeated by Republican challenger Ronald Reagan. Future Prime Minister John Major, who went on to succeed Thatcher in November 1990, entered Parliament at this election, retaining the Huntingdonshire seat in Cambridgeshire for the Conservatives. Jeremy Thorpe, Shirley Williams and Barbara Castle were all among the members of parliament who resigned or lost their seats. (en)
- Die britische Unterhauswahl 1979 fand am 3. Mai 1979 statt. Ein Erdrutschsieg der Conservative Party führte zu einem Regierungswechsel: Eine konservative Regierung unter Margaret Thatcher löste das Labour-Kabinett James Callaghans ab. (de)
- Las elecciones generales del Reino Unido de 1979 se realizaron el jueves 3 de mayo de 1979. El Partido Conservador venció al Partido Laborista, muy desgastado por las protestas de invierno de 1978 y su fracaso en el referéndum escocés de 1978. Por primera vez en la historia del Reino Unido, una mujer, Margaret Thatcher, asumió el cargo de primer ministro. (es)
- Les élections générales britanniques de 1979 se tiennent le 3 mai afin d'élire les 635 membres de la Chambre des communes. C'est un revers pour le Parti travailliste de James Callaghan, qui doit quitter le pouvoir à la suite de la victoire des conservateurs menés par Margaret Thatcher ; les résultats du Parti libéral sont également en net recul, notamment à cause du scandale judiciaire auquel a été mêlé l'ancien leader Jeremy Thorpe, remplacé par David Steel. Cette victoire constitue pour le parti conservateur la première d'une série de quatre, qui les maintiendra au pouvoir jusqu'en 1997. À la suite de ce scrutin, Margaret Thatcher devient la première femme de Grande-Bretagne mais aussi d'Europe à obtenir le titre de chef du gouvernement, suivie de peu par la Première ministre du Portugal Maria de Lourdes Pintasilgo nommée le 1er août de la même année. (fr)
- 1979년 영국 총선 %5040302010036.9%43.9%13.8%1.6%0.8%0.4%0.6%노동당보수당자유당스코틀랜드 국민당얼스터 연합당웨일스당국민전선득실표율1974년 선거와 정당별 득실율 비교 % 10 8 6 4 2 0 -2 -4 -6−2.3%+8.1%−4.5%−1.3%−0.4%−0.2%+0.2% 노동당보수당자유당스코틀랜드 국민당얼스터 연합당웨일스당국민전선 1979년 영국 총선은 1979년 5월 3일에 실시되었다. 이 선거에서 제임스 캘러헌을 총리로 한 노동당은 지난 5년 동안 영국병이라 일컫는 사회 문제들을 제대로 대처하지 못해 큰 비판을 받아왔다. 반대로 신자유주의 정책을 내세우며 1975년에 보수당대표에 취임한 마거릿 대처는 영국 최초로 여성 총리에 취임할 것으로 예상되었다. 선거 결과 보수당은 339석을 차지해 과반선을 넘기며 정권 교체를 이루었다. 노동당은 269석을 차지하였으며 자유당은 기존 13석에서 11석으로 의석이 줄었다. SNP의 경우 기존 11석에서 의석이 크게 감소해 2석을 차지하는데 그쳤다. 이 선거에서 전 자유당 대표였던 는 낙선하였다. (ko)
- Le elezioni generali nel Regno Unito del 1979 si tennero il 3 maggio e videro la vittoria del Partito Conservatore di Margaret Thatcher, che divenne Primo Ministro. (it)
- 1979年イギリス総選挙（1979ねんイギリスそうせんきょ、英語：United Kingdom general election, 1979）は、英国議会（正式名称：グレートブリテンおよび北アイルランド連合王国議会）の議員を選出するために1979年5月に行われたイギリス総選挙である。 (ja)
- As eleições gerais no Reino Unido em 1979 foram realizadas em 3 de maio para eleger os 635 membros da Câmara dos Comuns. O Partido Conservador, liderado por Margaret Thatcher, ultrapassou o Partido Trabalhista do então primeiro-ministro James Callaghan por uma vantagem de 43 assentos. As eleições de 1979 marcaram o início do Thatcherismo, período durante o qual o Partido Conservador venceria quatro eleições consecutivas. Após as eleições Thatcher se tornaria a primeira mulher a exercer o cargo de chefe de governo no Reino Unido. O mandato parlamentar anterior havia se iniciado em outubro de 1974, quando Harold Wilson levou os trabalhistas a uma apertada vitória, com a vantagem de apenas três assentos sobre os conservadores. No entanto, 18 meses depois ele renunciou ao cargo de primeiro-ministro e foi sucedido por Callaghan. Menos de um ano depois, a apertada maioria dos trabalhistas se dissipou. Callaghan fez acordos com o Partido Liberal, o Partido Unionista do Ulster, o Partido Nacional Escocês e o Partido Nacional Galês para continuar no poder. Quando o Partido Nacional Escocês retirou seu apoio ao governo trabalhista, uma moção de censura foi aprovada, impulsionando a realizações de eleições gerais. A campanha trabalhista foi prejudicada por uma série de disputas e greves nas indústrias durante o inverno de 1978-79, naquilo que ficaria posteriormente conhecido como o . Assim sendo, o Partido Trabalhista focou sua campanha no fortalecimento do Serviço Nacional de Saúde e no pleno emprego. Callaghan rejeitou os pedidos de trabalhistas para que as eleições gerais fossem realizadas no outono, período no qual as pesquisas de opinião sugeriam que ele tinha chance de vencer a disputa. A campanha conservadora contratou a agência de publicidade Saatchi & Saatchi e prometeu o controle da inflação assim como a contenção do poder dos sindicatos. O Partido Liberal, por outro lado, foi prejudicado pelas alegações de que seu ex-líder, Jeremy Thorpe, havia se envolvido num relacionamento homossexual e conspirado para cometer assassinato. Os liberais estavam, à época, sob a liderança de , o que significa que todos os três grandes partidos britânicos disputaram a eleições com novos líderes. A eleição viu uma oscilação de 5,2% dos votos dos trabalhistas para o Partido Conservador, a maior oscilação desde as eleições de 1945, quando Clement Attlee se tornou primeiro-ministro pelo Partido Trabalhista. Margaret Thatcher se tornou primeira-ministra e Callaghan foi substituído por Michael Foot na liderança do Partido Trabalhista em 1980. (pt)
- Парламентские выборы в Великобритании 1979 года — выборы, происходившие 3 мая 1979 года. Уверенную победу на выборах одержала Консервативная партия Великобритании, и 4 мая новым премьер-министром Великобритании стала Маргарет Тэтчер. (ru)
- Parlamentsvalet i Storbritannien 1979 var ett val som anordnades 3 maj 1979. Det var det första valet som vanns av Margaret Thatcher. (sv)
- 1979年英國大選（United Kingdom general election of 1979）於1979年5月3日舉行。時任工黨首相詹姆斯·卡拉漢於同年3月29日被國會通過對他的不信任動議後，宣布舉行大選。本屆英國大選在全國635個選區進行，使用簡單多數制（First-past-the-post）的選舉方法，即每個選區以得票最多的候選人勝出，成為該區的代表，將在下議院獲得一個席位。獲得最多席位的黨派將組成英國下一屆政府，該黨黨魁則成為下一任首相。 是屆大選，儘管工黨在民意調查中落後保守黨，但普遍認為工黨或保守黨都不能控制議會，要組成聯合政府。但結果戴卓爾夫人帶領保守黨取得勝利，為英國寫下歷史新一頁。戴卓爾夫人成為英國史上首位女首相，而保守黨亦開始長達18年的執政時期。 (zh)
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- Les eleccions al Parlament del Regne Unit de 1979 es van celebrar el 3 de maig de 1979. El Partit Conservador va guanyar al Partit Laborista, molt desgastat per la greu crisi econòmica, l'alta taxa d'atur, les protestes d'hivern de 1978 i el fracàs del referèndum escocès de 1978. Per primer cop en la història del Regne Unit, una dona, Margaret Thatcher, seria primer ministre. (ca)
- Die britische Unterhauswahl 1979 fand am 3. Mai 1979 statt. Ein Erdrutschsieg der Conservative Party führte zu einem Regierungswechsel: Eine konservative Regierung unter Margaret Thatcher löste das Labour-Kabinett James Callaghans ab. (de)
- Las elecciones generales del Reino Unido de 1979 se realizaron el jueves 3 de mayo de 1979. El Partido Conservador venció al Partido Laborista, muy desgastado por las protestas de invierno de 1978 y su fracaso en el referéndum escocés de 1978. Por primera vez en la historia del Reino Unido, una mujer, Margaret Thatcher, asumió el cargo de primer ministro. (es)
- 1979년 영국 총선 %5040302010036.9%43.9%13.8%1.6%0.8%0.4%0.6%노동당보수당자유당스코틀랜드 국민당얼스터 연합당웨일스당국민전선득실표율1974년 선거와 정당별 득실율 비교 % 10 8 6 4 2 0 -2 -4 -6−2.3%+8.1%−4.5%−1.3%−0.4%−0.2%+0.2% 노동당보수당자유당스코틀랜드 국민당얼스터 연합당웨일스당국민전선 1979년 영국 총선은 1979년 5월 3일에 실시되었다. 이 선거에서 제임스 캘러헌을 총리로 한 노동당은 지난 5년 동안 영국병이라 일컫는 사회 문제들을 제대로 대처하지 못해 큰 비판을 받아왔다. 반대로 신자유주의 정책을 내세우며 1975년에 보수당대표에 취임한 마거릿 대처는 영국 최초로 여성 총리에 취임할 것으로 예상되었다. 선거 결과 보수당은 339석을 차지해 과반선을 넘기며 정권 교체를 이루었다. 노동당은 269석을 차지하였으며 자유당은 기존 13석에서 11석으로 의석이 줄었다. SNP의 경우 기존 11석에서 의석이 크게 감소해 2석을 차지하는데 그쳤다. 이 선거에서 전 자유당 대표였던 는 낙선하였다. (ko)
- Le elezioni generali nel Regno Unito del 1979 si tennero il 3 maggio e videro la vittoria del Partito Conservatore di Margaret Thatcher, che divenne Primo Ministro. (it)
- 1979年イギリス総選挙（1979ねんイギリスそうせんきょ、英語：United Kingdom general election, 1979）は、英国議会（正式名称：グレートブリテンおよび北アイルランド連合王国議会）の議員を選出するために1979年5月に行われたイギリス総選挙である。 (ja)
- Парламентские выборы в Великобритании 1979 года — выборы, происходившие 3 мая 1979 года. Уверенную победу на выборах одержала Консервативная партия Великобритании, и 4 мая новым премьер-министром Великобритании стала Маргарет Тэтчер. (ru)
- Parlamentsvalet i Storbritannien 1979 var ett val som anordnades 3 maj 1979. Det var det första valet som vanns av Margaret Thatcher. (sv)
- 1979年英國大選（United Kingdom general election of 1979）於1979年5月3日舉行。時任工黨首相詹姆斯·卡拉漢於同年3月29日被國會通過對他的不信任動議後，宣布舉行大選。本屆英國大選在全國635個選區進行，使用簡單多數制（First-past-the-post）的選舉方法，即每個選區以得票最多的候選人勝出，成為該區的代表，將在下議院獲得一個席位。獲得最多席位的黨派將組成英國下一屆政府，該黨黨魁則成為下一任首相。 是屆大選，儘管工黨在民意調查中落後保守黨，但普遍認為工黨或保守黨都不能控制議會，要組成聯合政府。但結果戴卓爾夫人帶領保守黨取得勝利，為英國寫下歷史新一頁。戴卓爾夫人成為英國史上首位女首相，而保守黨亦開始長達18年的執政時期。 (zh)
- The 1979 United Kingdom general election was held on Thursday 3 May 1979 to elect 635 members to the British House of Commons. The Conservative Party, led by Margaret Thatcher, ousted the incumbent Labour government of James Callaghan with a parliamentary majority of 44 seats. The election was the first of four consecutive election victories for the Conservative Party, and Thatcher became the United Kingdom's and Europe's first elected female head of government, marking the beginning of 18 years in government for the Conservatives and 18 years in opposition for Labour. Unusually, the date chosen coincided with the 1979 local elections. The local government results provided some source of comfort to the Labour Party, who recovered some lost ground from local election reversals in previous y (en)
- Les élections générales britanniques de 1979 se tiennent le 3 mai afin d'élire les 635 membres de la Chambre des communes. C'est un revers pour le Parti travailliste de James Callaghan, qui doit quitter le pouvoir à la suite de la victoire des conservateurs menés par Margaret Thatcher ; les résultats du Parti libéral sont également en net recul, notamment à cause du scandale judiciaire auquel a été mêlé l'ancien leader Jeremy Thorpe, remplacé par David Steel. Cette victoire constitue pour le parti conservateur la première d'une série de quatre, qui les maintiendra au pouvoir jusqu'en 1997. (fr)
- As eleições gerais no Reino Unido em 1979 foram realizadas em 3 de maio para eleger os 635 membros da Câmara dos Comuns. O Partido Conservador, liderado por Margaret Thatcher, ultrapassou o Partido Trabalhista do então primeiro-ministro James Callaghan por uma vantagem de 43 assentos. As eleições de 1979 marcaram o início do Thatcherismo, período durante o qual o Partido Conservador venceria quatro eleições consecutivas. Após as eleições Thatcher se tornaria a primeira mulher a exercer o cargo de chefe de governo no Reino Unido. (pt)
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