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- Der Volkskörper ist einerseits ein Begriff der deutschen Bevölkerungswissenschaft, der in der zweiten Hälfte des 19. Jahrhunderts entstand und bis in die Zeit des Nationalsozialismus zunehmend rassenbiologisch definiert wurde. Nach 1945 wurde der Begriff weitgehend synonym mit „Population“ bzw. „Bevölkerung“ gebraucht. Andererseits diente Volkskörper im politischen Sprachgebrauch als Metapher, die ein organizistisches und biologistisches Verständnis von „Volk“ und Gesellschaft ausdrückte. Sie wurde in Deutschland während des 19. und 20. Jahrhunderts vor allem in antisemitischen und rassenhygienischen Texten benutzt, um das als biologische und rassische Einheit konzipierte „Volk“ semantisch gegenüber sogenannten „Parasiten“, „Schädlingen“ und „Krankheiten“ abzugrenzen. In diesem naturalistischen Sinne wurde die „Ausscheidung“ solchermaßen zu krankmachenden Elementen erklärter Bevölkerungsgruppen begründet. Die Metapher des Volkskörpers stand deshalb während des Nationalsozialismus in einem engen Zusammenhang mit der nationalsozialistischen Rassen- und Euthanasiepolitik. (de)
- The Volkskörper, literally translated as either "national body" or "body national", was the "ethnic body politic" in German population science beginning in the second half of the 19th century. It was increasingly defined in terms of racial biology and was incorporated into Nazi racial theories. After 1945 the term was largely used synonymously with population in anthropology and geography (similarly to ethnicity or nation-state). In political parlance, however, the Volkskörper served as a metaphor for an organic and biological understanding of the unity between the Volk and the Volksgemeinschaft, its broader society. In German politics during the 19th and 20th centuries, it was used especially in anti-Semitic and racial hygiene texts to semantically differentiate the Volk, conceived as a biological and racial unit, from so-called "parasites", "pests" and "diseases". In this naturalistic sense "excretion" was construed in such a way as to define elements of the population as disease-causing and therefore needing to be expelled. The metaphor of the body national was therefore closely related to the Nazi regime's racial system and justified the enactment of policies like Aktion T4. (en)
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- Adolf Stöcker (en)
- Hans Asperger (en)
- Wilhelm Schallmayer (en)
- Friedrich Burgdörfer (en)
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- Contributions to a National Biology (en)
- Demographic Statistics and Population Policy (en)
- from Herwig Czech: National Socialism and "race hygiene" in Nazi-era Vienna. In: Molecular Autism, Volume 9, 2018, pp. 29 ff. (en)
- Christian Social. Speeches and essays. 2nd Edition. Berlin 1890, p. 399. (en)
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- This "people" is not – like the "population" – an amorphous sum of individuals, but an organic structure, an organism. We rightly and deliberately speak of a people's body, a people's body, the cells of which are not the individual individuals in their isolation, but the families who belong to the same people in terms of blood and race as well as language, customs and culture. ... Thus the people does not just consist of the sum of the current living comrades, but everything that was, is and will be of the same blood belongs to it. (en)
- When looking at politics from a scientific perspective, its ultimate goal appears to be the creation of the conditions for the most permanent possible preservation and possibly also a prosperous growth of the national body. The competitiveness of peoples and states depends on the one hand on their inherited qualities, on the other hand on the disposal of those means of power which culture provides, which can only be transferred from generation to generation through tradition. From this it obviously follows that not only the latter, the cultural goods, but also the generative human hereditary values are the subject of politics, at least of a prudent and far-sighted policy. (en)
- “Modern Judaism is a foreign blood drop in our national body; it is a perishable, only perishable power. " (en)
- In the new Germany, we doctors have taken on a multitude of new duties in addition to our old ones. Just as the doctor often has to make painful incisions when treating the individual, we have to make incisions in the body of the people out of great responsibility. We must ensure that what is sick and what would pass this disease on to future generations, to the disaster of the individual and the people, is prevented from passing on the sick genetic make-up. (en)
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- Der Volkskörper ist einerseits ein Begriff der deutschen Bevölkerungswissenschaft, der in der zweiten Hälfte des 19. Jahrhunderts entstand und bis in die Zeit des Nationalsozialismus zunehmend rassenbiologisch definiert wurde. Nach 1945 wurde der Begriff weitgehend synonym mit „Population“ bzw. „Bevölkerung“ gebraucht. Andererseits diente Volkskörper im politischen Sprachgebrauch als Metapher, die ein organizistisches und biologistisches Verständnis von „Volk“ und Gesellschaft ausdrückte. Sie wurde in Deutschland während des 19. und 20. Jahrhunderts vor allem in antisemitischen und rassenhygienischen Texten benutzt, um das als biologische und rassische Einheit konzipierte „Volk“ semantisch gegenüber sogenannten „Parasiten“, „Schädlingen“ und „Krankheiten“ abzugrenzen. In diesem naturalisti (de)
- The Volkskörper, literally translated as either "national body" or "body national", was the "ethnic body politic" in German population science beginning in the second half of the 19th century. It was increasingly defined in terms of racial biology and was incorporated into Nazi racial theories. After 1945 the term was largely used synonymously with population in anthropology and geography (similarly to ethnicity or nation-state). In political parlance, however, the Volkskörper served as a metaphor for an organic and biological understanding of the unity between the Volk and the Volksgemeinschaft, its broader society. In German politics during the 19th and 20th centuries, it was used especially in anti-Semitic and racial hygiene texts to semantically differentiate the Volk, conceived as a b (en)
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- Volkskörper (de)
- Volkskörper (en)
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