Judicial immunity is a form of sovereign immunity, which protects judges and others employed by the judiciary from liability resulting from their judicial actions. Though judges have immunity from lawsuit, in constitutional democracies judicial misconduct or bad personal behaviour is not completely protected. Depending on the jurisdiction, they may be criminally charged for courtroom behavior unrelated to the decision-making process (for example, by shooting someone and committing a murder unrelated to capital punishment by the state), bad decisions may be reversed by an appeals court, and judges may be removed by other judges on the same or higher court (in the United States, a judicial council), by a recall election, by the next regular election, or following impeachment by a legislature.
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| rdfs:label
| - Judicial immunity (en)
- 사법부의 면책특권 (ko)
- Immunitet sądowy (pl)
- 法官豁免权 (zh)
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| rdfs:comment
| - Judicial immunity is a form of sovereign immunity, which protects judges and others employed by the judiciary from liability resulting from their judicial actions. Though judges have immunity from lawsuit, in constitutional democracies judicial misconduct or bad personal behaviour is not completely protected. Depending on the jurisdiction, they may be criminally charged for courtroom behavior unrelated to the decision-making process (for example, by shooting someone and committing a murder unrelated to capital punishment by the state), bad decisions may be reversed by an appeals court, and judges may be removed by other judges on the same or higher court (in the United States, a judicial council), by a recall election, by the next regular election, or following impeachment by a legislature. (en)
- 사법부의 면책특권(Judicial immunity)은 판사가 법정에서 처분한 것에 대하여 민사상, 형사상 법적인 면책을 받는 것을 말한다. 판사가 오판을 하여 상급심에서 하거나 파기자판을 하는 경우, 오판을 한 판사는 피해를 입은 소송 당사자에게 민사상 손해배상책임이 없으며, 오판으로 사형을 이미 집행하여도 살인죄, 과실치사죄 등의 형사책임을 지지 않는다. 왕의 면책특권(crown immunity)은 보통 유명한 법격언(legal maxim)인 렉스 논 포테스트 페카레(rex non potest peccare)로 표현된다. 왕은 잘못을 저지를 수 없다는 의미이다. 왕의 면책특권에 따라, 왕은 무오류이기 때문에, 왕의 대리인인 판사도 무오류라는 법리에 기초한다. (ko)
- Immunitet sądowy – przekazanie przez panującego władzy sądowniczej nad ludnością terenu immunizowanego w ręce właściciela. Czynności administracyjne, sądowe i skarbowe przejmował posiadacz dóbr objętych immunitetem. Nadawanie immunitetów sprzyjało rozdrobnieniu, prowadziło do utrwalenia stosunków lennych, osłabiało władzę monarszą. Jednocześnie sprzyjało rozwojowi ekonomicznemu tych terenów, osadnictwu, oczynszowaniu gospodarstw chłopskich. W Polsce immunitet występował w dobrach kościelnych od XII wieku, w świeckich od XIII wieku. (pl)
- 法官豁免權是一種主權豁免，是指法官和其他由司法機關人士不會因其司法行为（如判決）而承担责任。 虽然法官有诉讼豁免权，但在宪政民主国家，或个人不良行为并不完全受到保护。根据不同的司法管辖区，他们可能会因为与决策过程无关的法庭行为而受到刑事指控（例如，开枪打人以及谋杀），上诉法院可能会推翻错误的决定，法官可以被同一或更高一级法院（在美国为[[美国参议院司法委员会|司法委员会）的其他法官、通过罢免选举、下一次定期选举或在立法机关弹劾后罢免。 (zh)
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| - Judicial immunity is a form of sovereign immunity, which protects judges and others employed by the judiciary from liability resulting from their judicial actions. Though judges have immunity from lawsuit, in constitutional democracies judicial misconduct or bad personal behaviour is not completely protected. Depending on the jurisdiction, they may be criminally charged for courtroom behavior unrelated to the decision-making process (for example, by shooting someone and committing a murder unrelated to capital punishment by the state), bad decisions may be reversed by an appeals court, and judges may be removed by other judges on the same or higher court (in the United States, a judicial council), by a recall election, by the next regular election, or following impeachment by a legislature. (en)
- 사법부의 면책특권(Judicial immunity)은 판사가 법정에서 처분한 것에 대하여 민사상, 형사상 법적인 면책을 받는 것을 말한다. 판사가 오판을 하여 상급심에서 하거나 파기자판을 하는 경우, 오판을 한 판사는 피해를 입은 소송 당사자에게 민사상 손해배상책임이 없으며, 오판으로 사형을 이미 집행하여도 살인죄, 과실치사죄 등의 형사책임을 지지 않는다. 왕의 면책특권(crown immunity)은 보통 유명한 법격언(legal maxim)인 렉스 논 포테스트 페카레(rex non potest peccare)로 표현된다. 왕은 잘못을 저지를 수 없다는 의미이다. 왕의 면책특권에 따라, 왕은 무오류이기 때문에, 왕의 대리인인 판사도 무오류라는 법리에 기초한다. (ko)
- Immunitet sądowy – przekazanie przez panującego władzy sądowniczej nad ludnością terenu immunizowanego w ręce właściciela. Czynności administracyjne, sądowe i skarbowe przejmował posiadacz dóbr objętych immunitetem. Nadawanie immunitetów sprzyjało rozdrobnieniu, prowadziło do utrwalenia stosunków lennych, osłabiało władzę monarszą. Jednocześnie sprzyjało rozwojowi ekonomicznemu tych terenów, osadnictwu, oczynszowaniu gospodarstw chłopskich. W Polsce immunitet występował w dobrach kościelnych od XII wieku, w świeckich od XIII wieku. (pl)
- 法官豁免權是一種主權豁免，是指法官和其他由司法機關人士不會因其司法行为（如判決）而承担责任。 虽然法官有诉讼豁免权，但在宪政民主国家，或个人不良行为并不完全受到保护。根据不同的司法管辖区，他们可能会因为与决策过程无关的法庭行为而受到刑事指控（例如，开枪打人以及谋杀），上诉法院可能会推翻错误的决定，法官可以被同一或更高一级法院（在美国为[[美国参议院司法委员会|司法委员会）的其他法官、通过罢免选举、下一次定期选举或在立法机关弹劾后罢免。 (zh)
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