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The Works Progress Administration (WPA; renamed in 1939 as the Work Projects Administration) was an American New Deal agency that employed millions of jobseekers (mostly men who were not formally educated) to carry out public works projects, including the construction of public buildings and roads. It was set up on May 6, 1935, by presidential order, as a key part of the Second New Deal.

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  • Die Works Progress Administration (später Works Projects Administration, abgekürzt WPA) war die größte Bundesbehörde der USA, die im Zuge des New Deal geschaffen wurde. Sie war als Arbeitsbeschaffungsbehörde für die Millionen Arbeitslosen während der Great Depression konzipiert. (de)
  • La Works Projects Administration o WPA era la principal agencia instituida en el marco del New Deal. Se creó el 6 de mayo de 1935 por una orden presidencial (lo financió el Congreso, pero no lo estableció). La misión del WPA era dar empleo a millones de desempleados a lo largo de Estados Unidos, con el fin que ejecutasen programas de obras públicas.​ (es)
  • La Work Projects Administration ou WPA (créée sous le nom de Works Progress Administration) est la principale agence fédérale instituée dans le cadre du New Deal (programme économique d'état pour résorber la crise de 1929) durant la présidence de Franklin Delano Roosevelt dans le domaine des grands travaux. (fr)
  • 공공사업진흥국(公共事業振興局, Works Progress Administration, WPA)은 대공황의 가장 어두운 세월 동안 1935년 미국의 프랭클린 D. 루스벨트 대통령에 의하여 창조된 야망적인 고용과 기본적 시설 프로그램이다. 그 현존의 8년 이상 공공사업진흥국은 거칠게 8.5백만 명의 미국인들을 일하는 데 놓았다. 아마 그 노동 계획들로 가장 잘 알려진 공공사업진흥국은 또한 수천명의 배우, 음악가, 작가와 화가들을 고용한 예술 분야들에서 계획들을 후원하였다. (ko)
  • The Works Progress Administration (WPA; renamed in 1939 as the Work Projects Administration) was an American New Deal agency that employed millions of jobseekers (mostly men who were not formally educated) to carry out public works projects, including the construction of public buildings and roads. It was set up on May 6, 1935, by presidential order, as a key part of the Second New Deal. The WPA's first appropriation in 1935 was $4.9 billion (about $15 per person in the U.S., around 6.7 percent of the 1935 GDP). Headed by Harry Hopkins, the WPA supplied paid jobs to the unemployed during the Great Depression in the United States, while building up the public infrastructure of the US, such as parks, schools, and roads. Most of the jobs were in construction, building more than 620,000 miles (1,000,000 km) of streets and over 10,000 bridges, in addition to many airports and much housing. The largest single project of the WPA was the Tennessee Valley Authority. At its peak in 1938, it supplied paid jobs for three million unemployed men and women, as well as youth in a separate division, the National Youth Administration. Between 1935 and 1943, the WPA employed 8.5 million people (about half the population of New York). Hourly wages were typically kept well below industry standards. Full employment, which was reached in 1942 and appeared as a long-term national goal around 1944, was not the goal of the WPA; rather, it tried to supply one paid job for all families in which the breadwinner suffered long-term unemployment. In one of its most famous projects, Federal Project Number One, the WPA employed musicians, artists, writers, actors and directors in arts, drama, media, and literacy projects. The five projects dedicated to these were: the Federal Writers’ Project (FWP), the Historical Records Survey (HRS), the Federal Theatre Project (FTP), the Federal Music Project (FMP), and the Federal Art Project (FAP). In the Historical Records Survey, for instance, many former slaves in the South were interviewed; these documents are of immense importance to American history. Theater and music groups toured throughout the United States and gave more than 225,000 performances. Archaeological investigations under the WPA were influential in the rediscovery of pre-Columbian Native American cultures, and the development of professional archaeology in the US. The WPA was a federal program that ran its own projects in cooperation with state and local governments, which supplied 10–30% of the costs. Usually, the local sponsor provided land and often trucks and supplies, with the WPA responsible for wages (and for the salaries of supervisors, who were not on relief). WPA sometimes took over state and local relief programs that had originated in the Reconstruction Finance Corporation (RFC) or Federal Emergency Relief Administration programs (FERA). It was liquidated on June 30, 1943, because of low unemployment during World War II. Robert D. Leininger asserted: "millions of people needed subsistence incomes. Work relief was preferred over public assistance (the dole) because it maintained self-respect, reinforced the work ethic, and kept skills sharp." (en)
  • La Works Progress Administration (ribattezzata nel corso del 1939, Work Projects Administration; WPA) è stata la più grande agenzia del New Deal che diede lavoro a milioni di persone nella costruzione di opere pubbliche, come edifici, strade e nella realizzazione di grandi progetti nelle arti, teatro, media e alfabetizzazione. Sfamò bambini e distribuì alimenti, vestiti e alloggi. Quasi ogni comunità negli Stati Uniti d'America ha un parco, un ponte o una scuola costruiti dalla WPA, soprattutto negli Stati occidentali e tra le popolazioni rurali. Per questi aiuti tra il 1936 e il 1939 spese circa 7 miliardi di dollari. Creata per decreto del presidente Franklin Delano Roosevelt, la WPA fu finanziata dal Congresso, quando fu approvato l'Emergency Relief Appropriation Act del 1935, l'8 aprile 1935. La legge era passata alla Camera dei Rappresentanti con un margine di 329 a 78 voti, ma subì dei ritardi al Senato. La WPA prolungò ed estese programmi di assistenza simili alla Reconstruction Finance Corporation (RFC), che venne istituita dal Congresso nel 1932 durante l'amministrazione del predecessore di Roosevelt, Herbert Hoover. Diretta da Harry Hopkins la WPA diede lavoro ai disoccupati durante la Grande depressione negli Stati Uniti. Tra il 1935 e il 1943 creò quasi otto milioni di posti di lavoro. Fino a quando fu chiusa dal Congresso e la gente trovò lavoro nell'industria bellica (Seconda guerra mondiale, 1943), la WPA è stata la più grande fonte di lavoro nel Paese. La maggior parte delle persone disoccupate poteva accedere ad almeno alcune delle offerte della WPA. Le retribuzioni in prevalenza erano su base oraria e secondo i regolamenti non si poteva lavorare più di 30 ore alla settimana, ma in molti progetti i lavoratori mangiavano e dormivano nei cantieri, visto che era necessaria una loro presenza costante. Prima del 1940 si tennero anche corsi formativi per insegnare nuovi mestieri; l'addestramento era infatti un aspetto su cui i legislatori avevano posto fortemente l'accento. (it)
  • De Works Progress Administration, later Work Projects Administration (WPA), was een overheidsinstelling in de Verenigde Staten die in het kader van de New Deal werd opgestart in 1935. Ten tijde van de Grote Depressie bood het met een budget van 1,4 miljard dollar in 1935 werk aan 3 miljoen Amerikanen. Vanuit de WPA werden onder meer publieke werken betaald zoals de aanleg van infrastructuur en bouw van openbare gebouwen. Verder werd onder andere via de WPA voedsel, kleding en onderdak verstrekt. Aan kunstenaars bood het werk via het Federal Art Project. Tijdens de Tweede Wereldoorlog ontstond in Amerika weer veel vraag naar arbeid. In 1943 werd het overheidsproject stopgezet. In het acht jaar durende bestaan is in totaal 11 miljard dollar in de WPA gevloeid. (nl)
  • 公共事業促進局(こうきょうじぎょうそくしんきょく)または雇用促進局(こようそくしんきょく、英語:Works Progress Administration、後に Work Projects Administration と改称、略称WPA)は、ニューディール政策期にアメリカ合衆国で発足した政府機関。 1935年5月6日に民主党政権のフランクリン・ルーズベルト大統領の「大統領令」により発足し、1943年までの間に数百万人の失業者を公共事業を通じて雇用し全米各地の地方経済に影響を与えた、ニューディール政策における最大かつ最も重要な機関である。 (ja)
  • Works Progress Administration, från 1939 Work Projects Administration, (WPA) var en myndighet i USA som under 1930-talets lågkonjunktur skapade beredskapsarbeten mellan 1935 och 1943. Man byggde bland annat vägar, men även kulturarbete förekom. Bland annat intervjuade man tidigare slavar från tiden fram till mitten av 1860-talet. (sv)
  • A Works Progress Administration (WPA; renomeada em 1939 como Work Projects Administration) foi a maior e mais ambiciosa agência americana criada no New Deal, empregando milhões de pessoas (na maioria homens não qualificados) para realizar projetos de obras públicas, incluindo a construção de edifícios públicos e estradas. Em um projeto muito menor, o , a WPA empregou músicos, artistas, escritores, atores e diretores em grandes projetos de artes, teatro, mídia e alfabetização. Quase todas as comunidades nos Estados Unidos tiveram um novo parque, ponte ou escola construída pela agência. O orçamento inicial da WPA em 1935, foi de US$ 4,9 bilhões (cerca de 6,7 por cento do PIB de 1935). Dirigida por Harry Hopkins, a WPA forneceu emprego e renda para os desempregados durante a Grande Depressão nos Estados Unidos. Em seu ápice, em 1938, ofereceu empregos remunerados para três milhões de desempregados, homens e mulheres, bem como para jovens em uma divisão distinta, a National Youth Administration. Entre 1935 e 1943, quando o órgão foi dissolvido, a WPA empregou 8,5 milhões de pessoas. A maioria das pessoas que precisavam de um trabalho foram elegíveis para trabalhar em alguma capacidade. Os vencimentos horários foram definidos, normalmente, com base nos salários vigentes em cada área. Pleno emprego, alcançado em 1942 e tornado como meta nacional de longo prazo por volta de 1944, não era o objetivo da WPA; em vez disso, ela tentou fornecer um trabalho remunerado para todas as famílias em que o arrimo de família sofreu desemprego de longa duração. "O objetivo declarado dos programas de obras públicas era o de acabar com a depressão, ou, pelo menos, aliviar os seus piores efeitos," afirmou o sociólogo Robert D. Leighninger. "Milhões de pessoas precisavam de renda de subsistência. O auxílio-trabalho era preferível à assistência pública (esmola), pois ele mantinha a autoestima, reforçava a ética de trabalho e mantinha as habilidades afiadas." A WPA foi um programa nacional que operava seus próprios projetos em cooperação com governos estaduais e locais, que arcavam com 10% a 30% dos custos. Normalmente, o promotor local oferecia o terreno e, muitas vezes, caminhões e suprimentos, com a WPA responsável pelos salários (e pelos salários de supervisores, que não precisavam de auxílio). A WPA, por vezes, assumiu programas de auxílio estaduais e locais originados nos programas Reconstruction Finance Corporation (RFC) ou Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA). A agência foi extinta em 30 de junho de 1943, como resultado da baixa taxa de desemprego, devido à escassez de trabalhadores da Segunda Guerra Mundial. A WPA forneceu postos de trabalho para milhões de trabalhadores por oito anos. (pt)
  • Управление промышленно-строительными работами общественного назначения (англ. Works Progress Administration, WPA; 1935—1943) — независимое федеральное агентство, созданное в США в 1935 году по инициативе президента США, Франклина Делано Рузвельта, и ставшее ведущей силой в системе трудоустройства миллионов безработных (в основном, неквалифицированных мужчин) при проведении Нового экономического курса. Под общественно-значимыми работами подразумевались возведение общественных зданий, прокладка автодорог, строительство стадионов, дамб, аэродромов. (ru)
  • 公共事业振兴署(英語:Works Progress Administration, WPA)(1935年-1943年),大萧条时期美国总统罗斯福实施新政时期建立的一个政府机构,以助解决当时大规模的失业问题,是新政时期(以及美国歷史上)兴办救济和公共工程的政府机构中规模最大的一个。 1935年至1943年,公共事业振兴署先后为大约八百万人提供了工作机会,耗资约110亿美元。 在美国的每一个社区,几乎都有公共事业振兴署资助建起的公园、桥梁和学校。到1940年为止,公共事业振兴署新建大约4383座学校建筑,改进了另外3万多座;新建130家医院,改进了另外1670家医院。 (zh)
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  • Die Works Progress Administration (später Works Projects Administration, abgekürzt WPA) war die größte Bundesbehörde der USA, die im Zuge des New Deal geschaffen wurde. Sie war als Arbeitsbeschaffungsbehörde für die Millionen Arbeitslosen während der Great Depression konzipiert. (de)
  • La Works Projects Administration o WPA era la principal agencia instituida en el marco del New Deal. Se creó el 6 de mayo de 1935 por una orden presidencial (lo financió el Congreso, pero no lo estableció). La misión del WPA era dar empleo a millones de desempleados a lo largo de Estados Unidos, con el fin que ejecutasen programas de obras públicas.​ (es)
  • La Work Projects Administration ou WPA (créée sous le nom de Works Progress Administration) est la principale agence fédérale instituée dans le cadre du New Deal (programme économique d'état pour résorber la crise de 1929) durant la présidence de Franklin Delano Roosevelt dans le domaine des grands travaux. (fr)
  • 공공사업진흥국(公共事業振興局, Works Progress Administration, WPA)은 대공황의 가장 어두운 세월 동안 1935년 미국의 프랭클린 D. 루스벨트 대통령에 의하여 창조된 야망적인 고용과 기본적 시설 프로그램이다. 그 현존의 8년 이상 공공사업진흥국은 거칠게 8.5백만 명의 미국인들을 일하는 데 놓았다. 아마 그 노동 계획들로 가장 잘 알려진 공공사업진흥국은 또한 수천명의 배우, 음악가, 작가와 화가들을 고용한 예술 분야들에서 계획들을 후원하였다. (ko)
  • 公共事業促進局(こうきょうじぎょうそくしんきょく)または雇用促進局(こようそくしんきょく、英語:Works Progress Administration、後に Work Projects Administration と改称、略称WPA)は、ニューディール政策期にアメリカ合衆国で発足した政府機関。 1935年5月6日に民主党政権のフランクリン・ルーズベルト大統領の「大統領令」により発足し、1943年までの間に数百万人の失業者を公共事業を通じて雇用し全米各地の地方経済に影響を与えた、ニューディール政策における最大かつ最も重要な機関である。 (ja)
  • Works Progress Administration, från 1939 Work Projects Administration, (WPA) var en myndighet i USA som under 1930-talets lågkonjunktur skapade beredskapsarbeten mellan 1935 och 1943. Man byggde bland annat vägar, men även kulturarbete förekom. Bland annat intervjuade man tidigare slavar från tiden fram till mitten av 1860-talet. (sv)
  • Управление промышленно-строительными работами общественного назначения (англ. Works Progress Administration, WPA; 1935—1943) — независимое федеральное агентство, созданное в США в 1935 году по инициативе президента США, Франклина Делано Рузвельта, и ставшее ведущей силой в системе трудоустройства миллионов безработных (в основном, неквалифицированных мужчин) при проведении Нового экономического курса. Под общественно-значимыми работами подразумевались возведение общественных зданий, прокладка автодорог, строительство стадионов, дамб, аэродромов. (ru)
  • 公共事业振兴署(英語:Works Progress Administration, WPA)(1935年-1943年),大萧条时期美国总统罗斯福实施新政时期建立的一个政府机构,以助解决当时大规模的失业问题,是新政时期(以及美国歷史上)兴办救济和公共工程的政府机构中规模最大的一个。 1935年至1943年,公共事业振兴署先后为大约八百万人提供了工作机会,耗资约110亿美元。 在美国的每一个社区,几乎都有公共事业振兴署资助建起的公园、桥梁和学校。到1940年为止,公共事业振兴署新建大约4383座学校建筑,改进了另外3万多座;新建130家医院,改进了另外1670家医院。 (zh)
  • The Works Progress Administration (WPA; renamed in 1939 as the Work Projects Administration) was an American New Deal agency that employed millions of jobseekers (mostly men who were not formally educated) to carry out public works projects, including the construction of public buildings and roads. It was set up on May 6, 1935, by presidential order, as a key part of the Second New Deal. (en)
  • La Works Progress Administration (ribattezzata nel corso del 1939, Work Projects Administration; WPA) è stata la più grande agenzia del New Deal che diede lavoro a milioni di persone nella costruzione di opere pubbliche, come edifici, strade e nella realizzazione di grandi progetti nelle arti, teatro, media e alfabetizzazione. Sfamò bambini e distribuì alimenti, vestiti e alloggi. Quasi ogni comunità negli Stati Uniti d'America ha un parco, un ponte o una scuola costruiti dalla WPA, soprattutto negli Stati occidentali e tra le popolazioni rurali. Per questi aiuti tra il 1936 e il 1939 spese circa 7 miliardi di dollari. (it)
  • De Works Progress Administration, later Work Projects Administration (WPA), was een overheidsinstelling in de Verenigde Staten die in het kader van de New Deal werd opgestart in 1935. Ten tijde van de Grote Depressie bood het met een budget van 1,4 miljard dollar in 1935 werk aan 3 miljoen Amerikanen. Vanuit de WPA werden onder meer publieke werken betaald zoals de aanleg van infrastructuur en bouw van openbare gebouwen. Verder werd onder andere via de WPA voedsel, kleding en onderdak verstrekt. Aan kunstenaars bood het werk via het Federal Art Project. (nl)
  • A Works Progress Administration (WPA; renomeada em 1939 como Work Projects Administration) foi a maior e mais ambiciosa agência americana criada no New Deal, empregando milhões de pessoas (na maioria homens não qualificados) para realizar projetos de obras públicas, incluindo a construção de edifícios públicos e estradas. Em um projeto muito menor, o , a WPA empregou músicos, artistas, escritores, atores e diretores em grandes projetos de artes, teatro, mídia e alfabetização. (pt)
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  • Works Progress Administration (de)
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  • Work Projects Administration (fr)
  • Works Progress Administration (it)
  • 공공사업진흥국 (ko)
  • 公共事業促進局 (ja)
  • Works Progress Administration (nl)
  • Works Progress Administration (pt)
  • Управление промышленно-строительными работами общественного назначения (ru)
  • Works Progress Administration (sv)
  • 公共事业振兴署 (zh)
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