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The Truce of Leulinghem was a truce agreed to by Richard II's kingdom of England and its allies, and Charles VI's kingdom of France and its allies, on 18 July 1389, ending the second phase of the Hundred Years' War. England was on the edge of financial collapse and suffering from internal political divisions. On the other side, Charles VI was suffering from a mental illness that handicapped the furthering of the war by the French government. Neither side was willing to concede on the primary cause of the war, the legal status of the Duchy of Aquitaine and the King of England's homage to the King of France through his possession of the duchy. However, both sides faced major internal issues that could badly damage their kingdoms if the war continued. The truce was originally negotiated by re

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  • Plusieurs trêves ont été signées à Leulinghem lieu traditionnel de conférences entre le royaume de France et le royaume d'Angleterre au cours de la guerre de Cent Ans, à la frontière picarde. * 26 janvier 1384 : Trêve pour neuf mois entre la France et l'Angleterre, incluant l'Écosse et la Castille, alliées de la France, et les Gantois, alliés de l'Angleterre. Le 14 septembre, elle est prorogée jusqu'au 1er mai 1385. * 18 juin 1389 : Trêve signée pour la Guyenne et les pays en deçà de la Loire. Elle court du 1er août 1389 jusqu'au 1er août 1392. Aucune ville ou forteresse ne devait être bâtie ou réparée à la distance de sept lieues d'une ville de l'autre partie, sans congé de l'adversaire. * 28 avril 1393 : Charles VI de France étant de nouveau victime de ses crises de démence causées par la tragédie du bal des ardents du 28 janvier 1393, ses oncles le représentent lors des négociations avec les Anglais à Leulinghem. Richard II d'Angleterre gouvernait dorénavant seul et il désirait instaurer la paix entre les deux royaumes. Au cours de cette négociation est prévue la remise de Cherbourg à la France et le mariage d'Isabelle de France avec Richard II. Une trêve est décidée entre les deux parties. La trêve est prorogée jusqu'au 29 septembre 1394 puis le 27 mai 1394 pour quatre ans jusqu'au 28 septembre 1398, puis pour 28 ans à partir de septembre 1398 le 9 mars 1396. (fr)
  • The Truce of Leulinghem was a truce agreed to by Richard II's kingdom of England and its allies, and Charles VI's kingdom of France and its allies, on 18 July 1389, ending the second phase of the Hundred Years' War. England was on the edge of financial collapse and suffering from internal political divisions. On the other side, Charles VI was suffering from a mental illness that handicapped the furthering of the war by the French government. Neither side was willing to concede on the primary cause of the war, the legal status of the Duchy of Aquitaine and the King of England's homage to the King of France through his possession of the duchy. However, both sides faced major internal issues that could badly damage their kingdoms if the war continued. The truce was originally negotiated by representatives of the kings to last three years, but the two kings met in person at Leulinghem, near the English fortress of Calais, and agreed to extend the truce to a twenty-seven years' period. Other provisions were agreed to, in attempts to bring an end to the Papal schism, to launch a joint crusade against the Turks in the Balkans, to seal the marriage of Richard to Charles' daughter Isabella along with an 800,000 franc dowry, and to guarantee to continue peace negotiations, in order to establish a lasting treaty between the kingdoms. The treaty brought peace to the Iberian peninsula, where Portugal and Castile were supporting the English and French respectively. The English evacuated all their holdings in northern France except Calais. The truce was the result of a decade of failed peace negotiations and inaugurated a thirteen years peace, the longest period of sustained peace during the Hundred Years' War. During the years following the truce, Richard reneged on his agreement to assist in ending the schism, leading the French to unilaterally withdraw from the obedience of either pope and seize Avignon by military force. French foreign policy also began to focus on Italy, and Genoa became a French protectorate. In England, Richard used the lapse in fighting to attack his political enemies and confiscate their lands, which he redistributed as rewards to his supporters. He then left for Ireland to put down a revolt among the Irish chieftains, but during his absence a number of his exiled opponents returned, led by his cousin Henry of Bolingbroke, Duke of Lancaster. Henry began an insurrection and seized most of England before Richard could return. Upon his return, Richard was imprisoned, and before he was starved to death he was forced to agree to abdicate. Henry was crowned in his place. The French initially interpreted events in England as a repudiation of the truce and raised an army and put garrisons in place on the fronts. Henry IV reaffirmed the truce which remained in place for several more years. Henry made a number of aggressive political moves against France in the following years, marrying Joanna, widow of the duke of Brittany in April 1402, and forming alliances with several German rulers, including a marriage alliance with Bavaria. Scotland was the first nation to break the truce, invading England in August in coordination with a revolt in Wales. The French reentered the conflict in September 1403, landing an army in Wales. (en)
  • Het Verdrag van Leulinghem werd getekend op 18 juli 1389 in Leulinghem bij Sint-Omaars (Noord-Frankrijk) door het Koninkrijk Frankrijk en zijn bondgenoten en het Koninkrijk Engeland en zijn bondgenoten en maakte een einde aan de tweede fase van de Honderdjarige Oorlog. (nl)
  • A Trégua de Leulinghem foi uma trégua acordada pelo Reino da Inglaterra de Ricardo II e o Reino da França de Carlos VI e seus respectivos aliados, em 18 de julho de 1389, terminando a segunda fase da Guerra dos Cem Anos. A Inglaterra estava à beira do colapso financeiro e sofrendo por divisões políticas internas. Por outro lado, Carlos VI estava sofrendo de uma doença mental que prejudicou o avanço da guerra pelo governo francês. Nenhum dos lados estava disposto a admitir a principal causa da guerra, o status legal do Ducado da Aquitânia e a homenagem do rei da Inglaterra ao rei da França por meio de sua posse do ducado. No entanto, ambos os lados enfrentaram grandes problemas internos que poderiam danificar gravemente seus reinos se a guerra continuasse. A trégua foi originalmente negociada por representantes dos reis para durar três anos, mas os dois reis se encontraram pessoalmente em Leulinghem, perto da fortaleza inglesa de Calais, e concordaram em estender a trégua a um período de vinte e sete anos. Outras disposições foram acordadas para, em tentativas de acabar com o cisma papal, lançar uma cruzada conjunta contra os turcos nos Bálcãs, para selar o casamento de Ricardo com a filha de Carlos, Isabel, juntamente com um dote de 800 000 francos, e garantir a continuidade das negociações de paz, a fim de estabelecer um tratado duradouro entre os reinos. O tratado trouxe paz à Península Ibérica, onde Portugal e Castela apoiavam o inglês e o francês, respectivamente. Os ingleses evacuaram todas as suas propriedades no norte da França, exceto Calais. A trégua foi o resultado de uma década de fracas negociações e inaugurou treze anos de paz, o mais longo período que vigorou durante a Guerra dos Cem Anos. Durante os anos que se seguiram à trégua, Ricardo renegou sua concordância em ajudar a acabar com o cisma, levando os franceses a se retirarem unilateralmente da obediência de um dos papas e tomar Avinhão pela força militar. A política externa francesa também começou a se concentrar na Itália, e Gênova tornou-se um protetorado francês. Na Inglaterra, o rei usou o lapso na luta para atacar seus inimigos políticos e confiscar suas terras, que ele redistribuiu como recompensa para seus partidários. Então partiu para a Irlanda para derrubar uma revolta entre os chefes irlandeses, mas durante sua ausência os números de seus oponentes exilados retornaram, liderados por seu primo Henrique de Bolingbroke, Duque de Lancaster. Henrique começou uma insurreição e tomou a maior parte da Inglaterra antes que Ricardo pudesse retornar. Após seu retorno, Ricardo foi preso e, antes de morrer de fome, foi forçado a concordar em abdicar. Henrique foi coroado em seu lugar. Os franceses inicialmente interpretaram os acontecimentos na Inglaterra como um repúdio à trégua, criaram um exército e colocaram guarnições nas frentes. Henrique IV reafirmou a trégua que permaneceu por mais alguns anos. Henrique fez uma série de medidas políticas agressivas contra a França nos anos seguintes, casando-se com Joana, viúva do duque da Bretanha em abril de 1402, e formando alianças com vários governantes alemães, incluindo uma aliança matrimonial com a Baviera. A Escócia foi a primeira nação a quebrar a trégua, invadindo a Inglaterra em agosto de 1402, em coordenação com uma revolta em Gales. Os franceses voltaram ao conflito em setembro de 1403, com um exército em Gales. (pt)
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dbp:conditionEffective
  • * Continued peace negotiations * Joint crusade against the Turks * English support of French plan to end the Papal schism * Marriage alliance between England and France (en)
dbp:dateDrafted
  • June 1389 (en)
dbp:dateEffective
  • 1389-07-18 (xsd:date)
dbp:dateExpiration
  • Set to expire July 1416; was repudiated in August 1402 (en)
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  • 300 (xsd:integer)
dbp:language
  • French (en)
dbp:name
  • Truce of Leulinghem (en)
dbp:parties
  • * 15px Kingdom of England * 15px Kingdom of Portugal * 15px Kingdom of France * 15px Kingdom of Castile * 15px Kingdom of Scotland (en)
dbp:signatories
  • * 15px Richard II of England * 15px Charles VI of France (en)
dbp:type
  • Temporary truce (en)
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  • Het Verdrag van Leulinghem werd getekend op 18 juli 1389 in Leulinghem bij Sint-Omaars (Noord-Frankrijk) door het Koninkrijk Frankrijk en zijn bondgenoten en het Koninkrijk Engeland en zijn bondgenoten en maakte een einde aan de tweede fase van de Honderdjarige Oorlog. (nl)
  • Plusieurs trêves ont été signées à Leulinghem lieu traditionnel de conférences entre le royaume de France et le royaume d'Angleterre au cours de la guerre de Cent Ans, à la frontière picarde. * 26 janvier 1384 : Trêve pour neuf mois entre la France et l'Angleterre, incluant l'Écosse et la Castille, alliées de la France, et les Gantois, alliés de l'Angleterre. Le 14 septembre, elle est prorogée jusqu'au 1er mai 1385. * 18 juin 1389 : Trêve signée pour la Guyenne et les pays en deçà de la Loire. Elle court du 1er août 1389 jusqu'au 1er août 1392. Aucune ville ou forteresse ne devait être bâtie ou réparée à la distance de sept lieues d'une ville de l'autre partie, sans congé de l'adversaire. * 28 avril 1393 : Charles VI de France étant de nouveau victime de ses crises de démence causées pa (fr)
  • The Truce of Leulinghem was a truce agreed to by Richard II's kingdom of England and its allies, and Charles VI's kingdom of France and its allies, on 18 July 1389, ending the second phase of the Hundred Years' War. England was on the edge of financial collapse and suffering from internal political divisions. On the other side, Charles VI was suffering from a mental illness that handicapped the furthering of the war by the French government. Neither side was willing to concede on the primary cause of the war, the legal status of the Duchy of Aquitaine and the King of England's homage to the King of France through his possession of the duchy. However, both sides faced major internal issues that could badly damage their kingdoms if the war continued. The truce was originally negotiated by re (en)
  • A Trégua de Leulinghem foi uma trégua acordada pelo Reino da Inglaterra de Ricardo II e o Reino da França de Carlos VI e seus respectivos aliados, em 18 de julho de 1389, terminando a segunda fase da Guerra dos Cem Anos. A Inglaterra estava à beira do colapso financeiro e sofrendo por divisões políticas internas. Por outro lado, Carlos VI estava sofrendo de uma doença mental que prejudicou o avanço da guerra pelo governo francês. Nenhum dos lados estava disposto a admitir a principal causa da guerra, o status legal do Ducado da Aquitânia e a homenagem do rei da Inglaterra ao rei da França por meio de sua posse do ducado. No entanto, ambos os lados enfrentaram grandes problemas internos que poderiam danificar gravemente seus reinos se a guerra continuasse. A trégua foi originalmente negocia (pt)
rdfs:label
  • Trêve de Leulinghem (fr)
  • Verdrag van Leulinghem (nl)
  • Trégua de Leulinghem (pt)
  • Truce of Leulinghem (en)
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