About: Seven Bishops

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The Seven Bishops were members of the Church of England tried and acquitted for seditious libel in June 1688, an act viewed as a significant element in the events that led to the November 1688 Glorious Revolution and deposition of James II.

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  • Tujuh Uskup dari Gereja Inggris adalah orang-orang yang ditahan dan diadili atas fitnah hasutan yang berkaitan dengan penentangan mereka terhadap kedua, yang dikeluarkan oleh James II pada 1688. (in)
  • The Seven Bishops were members of the Church of England tried and acquitted for seditious libel in June 1688, an act viewed as a significant element in the events that led to the November 1688 Glorious Revolution and deposition of James II. In November 1685, James II dismissed the Parliament of England for refusing to pass measures removing legal restrictions on Catholics and Protestant Nonconformists. In August 1686, the Parliament of Scotland suffered the same fate and neither body met again until 1689. The measures were imposed in April 1687 by issuing a Declaration of Indulgence which was widely opposed by the majority in both countries, including Nonconformists who feared this would jeopardise their hopes of being readmitted to the Church of England. The Declaration was reissued in April 1688 and James ordered the bishops to have it read in every church in England. The seven 'petitioned' to be excused, arguing it relied on an interpretation of Royal authority declared illegal by Parliament. After the petition was printed and publicly distributed, the bishops were charged with seditious libel and held in the Tower of London. They were tried and found not guilty on 30 June. Most Protestants had been willing to tolerate James' personal Catholicism, since he seemed unlikely to produce more children and the heir was his Protestant daughter Mary II of England. The unexpected birth of his son James Francis on 10 June meant the prospect of a Catholic dynasty, with the trial of the bishops seen as part of a wider attack on the Church of England. Their acquittal led to anti-Catholic riots throughout England and Scotland and ultimately the deposition of James in November 1688, although five of the seven were subsequently removed from office for refusing to swear allegiance to his successors. (en)
  • De sju biskoparna avser sju biskopar i Engelska kyrkan som i slutet av 1600-talet motsatte sig Jakob II:s toleranspolitik mot dissenter. Kungen lät i två omgångar utfärda lagstiftning som bland annat upphävde Testakten, som krävde att alla ämbetshavare måste ställa sig bakom Engelska kyrkans tro och lära. När den andra, reviderade indulgensförklaringen utfärdades 1688, motsatte sig många prelater den nya ordningen. Sju biskopar skrev också en petition till kungen, där de bad att få slippa följa den nya lagen. Jakob beordrade att biskoparna skulle fängslas i Towern för uppvigling, något som ledde till edsvägrarschismen. De ställdes inför domstol men friades från anklagelsen. Trots rättegången förblev fem av dem lojala gentemot Jakob II. Kort därefter avsattes Jakob av sin systerson Vilhelm III i Ärorika revolutionen. Rätten att petitionera till kungen blev inskriven i Bill of Rights 1689. (sv)
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  • Tujuh Uskup dari Gereja Inggris adalah orang-orang yang ditahan dan diadili atas fitnah hasutan yang berkaitan dengan penentangan mereka terhadap kedua, yang dikeluarkan oleh James II pada 1688. (in)
  • The Seven Bishops were members of the Church of England tried and acquitted for seditious libel in June 1688, an act viewed as a significant element in the events that led to the November 1688 Glorious Revolution and deposition of James II. (en)
  • De sju biskoparna avser sju biskopar i Engelska kyrkan som i slutet av 1600-talet motsatte sig Jakob II:s toleranspolitik mot dissenter. Kungen lät i två omgångar utfärda lagstiftning som bland annat upphävde Testakten, som krävde att alla ämbetshavare måste ställa sig bakom Engelska kyrkans tro och lära. När den andra, reviderade indulgensförklaringen utfärdades 1688, motsatte sig många prelater den nya ordningen. Sju biskopar skrev också en petition till kungen, där de bad att få slippa följa den nya lagen. (sv)
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  • Tujuh Uskup (in)
  • Seven Bishops (en)
  • De sju biskoparna (sv)
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