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- La Fortaleza de Pionyang es parte de los Tesoros Nacionales de Corea del Norte. El castillo fue atacado por el Rey Geunchogo de Baekje en el siglo IV. Durante los siglos XVIII y XIX, las imágenes representando grandes vistas de la fortaleza eran muy populares. (es)
- La forteresse de Pyongyang (평양성, 平壤城) était une muraille de 16 km construite entre 552 et 586 pour protéger Pyongyang, alors capitale du royaume de Goguryeo. L'intérieur était divisé en quatre parties par un mur de 7 km de long, il abritait le palais royal, l'administration et des habitations. Elle s'étendait depuis la colline Moran et longeait les rivières Taedong et . Il en reste de nombreuses portes (Taedongmun, , Potongmun, Jonkummun et Hyonmumun) ainsi que des pavillons (Ryongwang, ). Cette forteresse a été classée trésor national n° 1. La forteresse a été attaquée par Geunchogo. Des écrans illustrant une vue imprenable de la forteresse de Pyongyang ont été très populaires au cours des XVIIIe et XIXe siècles. (fr)
- Pyongyang Castle is one of the National Treasures of North Korea. The castle was attacked by Geunchogo of Baekje in 375. In 427, Jangsu of Goguryeo transferred the Goguryeo capital from Gungnae Fortress (present-day Ji'an on the China-North Korea border) to Pyongyang Castle, a more suitable region to grow into a burgeoning metropolitan capital, which led Goguryeo to achieve a high level of cultural and economic prosperity. In 668, Pyongyang became the capital of the Protectorate General to Pacify the East established by the Tang dynasty of China. However, by 676, it was taken by Silla, but left on the border between Silla and Balhae. Pyongyang was left abandoned during the Later Silla period, until it was recovered by Wang Geon and decreed as the Western Capital of Goryeo. During the Joseon period, it became the provincial capital of Pyeongan Province. During the Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–98), Pyongyang was captured by the Japanese and held until they were defeated in the Siege of Pyongyang. Later in the 17th century, it became temporarily occupied during the Qing invasion of Joseon until peace arrangements were made between Korea and Qing China. While the invasions made Koreans suspicious of foreigners, the influence of Christianity began to grow after the country opened itself up to foreigners in the 16th century. Pyongyang became the base of Christian expansion in Korea. By 1880 it had more than 100 churches and more Protestant missionaries than any other Asian city, and was called "the Jerusalem of the East". In 1890, the city had 40,000 inhabitants. It was the site of the Battle of Pyongyang during the First Sino-Japanese War, which led to the destruction and depopulation of much of the city. It was the provincial capital of South Pyeongan Province beginning in 1896. (en)
- 평양성(平壤城) 혹은 장안성(長安城)은 고구려의 마지막 수도로 586년(평원왕 28년)에 이곳으로 천도한 뒤 고구려가 멸망할 때까지 수도 역할을 했던 곳이다. 입지 조건상 외적의 침입을 막기에 적합했던 것이 평양성을 수도로 선택한 이유였다. 모든 성벽을 3중의 겹성으로 쌓았다. (ko)
- O Castelo de Pionguiangue (Chosŏn'gŭl: 평양성/장안성; hancha: 平壤城/長安城; MR: P'yŏngyangsŏng/Changansŏng; rr: Pyeongyangseong/Janganseong) foi uma edificação construída entre 552 e 586 para proteger a cidade norte-coreana de Pionguiangue, até então capital do antigo reino de Koguryo. É considerado um dos Tesouros Nacionais da Coreia do Norte. A fortaleza foi atacada pelo rei Geunchogo de Baekje. Durante os séculos XVIII e XIX, as pinturas que retratavam a fortaleza eram consideradas importantes. Embora alguns estudiosos afirmem que a fortaleza encontrava-se localizada em Pionguiangue, há também registos sobre a edificação ter sido situada em Liaoyang, atualmente parte da China. (pt)
- 长安城是东北亚古国高句丽最后一个首都。高句丽占领汉晋等朝在朝鲜半岛上的重镇乐浪郡后，改其名为平壤，后又改为长安城。 公元586年（隋朝开皇六年），高句丽平原王将都城由平壤城迁至长安城（今朝鲜平壤市区），直至高句丽灭亡。历时83年。 在中国史籍中，“平壤”之名首见《魏书》高句丽传：“魏世祖太延元年（公元435年）遣员外散骑侍郎李敖拜琏（即长寿王）为都督辽海诸军事 征东将军 领护东夷中郎将 辽东郡开国公 高句丽王敖至其所居平壤城。”而同期南朝史书記載高句麗的都城還在丸都山下，可能是国内城或在其附近。後隋唐史採用北史記載認為平壤就是漢朝樂浪郡。《新唐书·高丽传》记载：“其君居平壤城，亦谓长安城，汉乐浪郡也...随山屈缭为郛，南涯水，王筑宫其左，又有国内城，汉城，号别都。”唐书攻陷高句丽长安城后，唐朝史学家认为高句丽的长安城既是平壤、也是漢朝樂浪郡。 (zh)
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- Changansŏng (en)
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- La Fortaleza de Pionyang es parte de los Tesoros Nacionales de Corea del Norte. El castillo fue atacado por el Rey Geunchogo de Baekje en el siglo IV. Durante los siglos XVIII y XIX, las imágenes representando grandes vistas de la fortaleza eran muy populares. (es)
- 평양성(平壤城) 혹은 장안성(長安城)은 고구려의 마지막 수도로 586년(평원왕 28년)에 이곳으로 천도한 뒤 고구려가 멸망할 때까지 수도 역할을 했던 곳이다. 입지 조건상 외적의 침입을 막기에 적합했던 것이 평양성을 수도로 선택한 이유였다. 모든 성벽을 3중의 겹성으로 쌓았다. (ko)
- 长安城是东北亚古国高句丽最后一个首都。高句丽占领汉晋等朝在朝鲜半岛上的重镇乐浪郡后，改其名为平壤，后又改为长安城。 公元586年（隋朝开皇六年），高句丽平原王将都城由平壤城迁至长安城（今朝鲜平壤市区），直至高句丽灭亡。历时83年。 在中国史籍中，“平壤”之名首见《魏书》高句丽传：“魏世祖太延元年（公元435年）遣员外散骑侍郎李敖拜琏（即长寿王）为都督辽海诸军事 征东将军 领护东夷中郎将 辽东郡开国公 高句丽王敖至其所居平壤城。”而同期南朝史书記載高句麗的都城還在丸都山下，可能是国内城或在其附近。後隋唐史採用北史記載認為平壤就是漢朝樂浪郡。《新唐书·高丽传》记载：“其君居平壤城，亦谓长安城，汉乐浪郡也...随山屈缭为郛，南涯水，王筑宫其左，又有国内城，汉城，号别都。”唐书攻陷高句丽长安城后，唐朝史学家认为高句丽的长安城既是平壤、也是漢朝樂浪郡。 (zh)
- Pyongyang Castle is one of the National Treasures of North Korea. The castle was attacked by Geunchogo of Baekje in 375. In 427, Jangsu of Goguryeo transferred the Goguryeo capital from Gungnae Fortress (present-day Ji'an on the China-North Korea border) to Pyongyang Castle, a more suitable region to grow into a burgeoning metropolitan capital, which led Goguryeo to achieve a high level of cultural and economic prosperity. (en)
- La forteresse de Pyongyang (평양성, 平壤城) était une muraille de 16 km construite entre 552 et 586 pour protéger Pyongyang, alors capitale du royaume de Goguryeo. L'intérieur était divisé en quatre parties par un mur de 7 km de long, il abritait le palais royal, l'administration et des habitations. Elle s'étendait depuis la colline Moran et longeait les rivières Taedong et . Il en reste de nombreuses portes (Taedongmun, , Potongmun, Jonkummun et Hyonmumun) ainsi que des pavillons (Ryongwang, ). Cette forteresse a été classée trésor national n° 1. La forteresse a été attaquée par Geunchogo. (fr)
- O Castelo de Pionguiangue (Chosŏn'gŭl: 평양성/장안성; hancha: 平壤城/長安城; MR: P'yŏngyangsŏng/Changansŏng; rr: Pyeongyangseong/Janganseong) foi uma edificação construída entre 552 e 586 para proteger a cidade norte-coreana de Pionguiangue, até então capital do antigo reino de Koguryo. É considerado um dos Tesouros Nacionais da Coreia do Norte. A fortaleza foi atacada pelo rei Geunchogo de Baekje. (pt)
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- Castillo de Pionyang (es)
- Forteresse de Pyongyang (fr)
- 평양성 (고구려) (ko)
- Pyongyang Castle (en)
- Castelo de Pionguiangue (pt)
- 长安城 (高句丽) (zh)
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