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- Newar Buddhism is the form of Vajrayana Buddhism practiced by the Newar people of the Kathmandu Valley, Nepal. It has developed unique socio-religious elements, which include a non-monastic Buddhist society based on the Newar caste system and patrilineality. The ritual priestly (guruju) caste, vajracharya (who perform rituals for others) and shakya (who perform rituals mostly within their own families) form the non-celibate religious clergy caste while other Buddhist Newar castes like the Urāy act as patrons. Uray also patronise Tibetan Vajrayana, Theravadin, and even Japanese clerics. It is the oldest known sect of the Vajrayana tradition outdating the Tibetan school of Vajrayana by more than 600 years. Although there was a vibrant regional tradition of Buddhism in the Kathmandu Valley during the first millennium, the transformation into a distinctive cultural and linguistic form of Buddhism appears to have taken place in the fifteenth century, at about the same time that similar regional forms of Indic Buddhism such as those of Kashmir and Indonesia were on the wane. As a result, Newar Buddhism seems to preserve some aspects of Indian Buddhism that were not preserved in Vajrayana schools elsewhere. (en)
- 尼瓦爾佛教，是尼泊尔加德满都尼瓦爾人所信仰的独特的佛教。尼瓦爾佛教属于金刚乘佛教，受密宗与印度教很大影响。 他们有与其他地方佛教不同的地方；他们的上師出自釋迦族，而且尼瓦尔佛教徒也有种姓。 (zh)
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- 8029 (xsd:nonNegativeInteger)
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- 尼瓦爾佛教，是尼泊尔加德满都尼瓦爾人所信仰的独特的佛教。尼瓦爾佛教属于金刚乘佛教，受密宗与印度教很大影响。 他们有与其他地方佛教不同的地方；他们的上師出自釋迦族，而且尼瓦尔佛教徒也有种姓。 (zh)
- Newar Buddhism is the form of Vajrayana Buddhism practiced by the Newar people of the Kathmandu Valley, Nepal. It has developed unique socio-religious elements, which include a non-monastic Buddhist society based on the Newar caste system and patrilineality. The ritual priestly (guruju) caste, vajracharya (who perform rituals for others) and shakya (who perform rituals mostly within their own families) form the non-celibate religious clergy caste while other Buddhist Newar castes like the Urāy act as patrons. Uray also patronise Tibetan Vajrayana, Theravadin, and even Japanese clerics. It is the oldest known sect of the Vajrayana tradition outdating the Tibetan school of Vajrayana by more than 600 years. (en)
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- Newar Buddhism (en)
- ネワール仏教 (ja)
- 尼瓦爾佛教 (zh)
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