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- Dead letter mail or undeliverable mail is mail that cannot be delivered to the addressee or returned to the sender. This is usually due to lack of compliance with postal regulations, an incomplete address and return address, or the inability to forward the mail when both correspondents move before the letter can be delivered. Largely based on the British model that emerged in the late eighteenth century, many countries developed similar systems for processing undeliverable mail. The term 'dead mail' is perhaps a misnomer, and several jurisdictions have opted for the use of the term 'undeliverable mail' as more clearly representing the status of the item whose transmission has been impeded. As it is performed by internal departments within postal administrations, little information about the dead letter office function has ever been made public. A few journal articles and at least one recently published book (Canadian) dealing with this topic have appeared. Classification as a dead letter is one of the few instances where postal personnel are allowed to violate secrecy of correspondence, ostensibly to search for clues as to the letter's origin or destination. Countries must also set up regulations for the disposal of dead letters, particularly when they contain items of value. Some very valuable items have turned up in undeliverable mail, including a stolen painting by Marc Chagall which turned up in a United States Postal Service sorting center in Topeka, Kansas in January 2002. Many countries, including Canada and the United States, have issued special labels for envelopes that have travelled through the dead letter office. Genuinely used examples are highly prized by collectors, although mint labels, because they have no postage value, are often fairly common. People interested in postal services throughout the world sometimes deliberately send mail to fictional addresses throughout the world to see if a particular nation's postal authority would return the mail to the sender. Collectors of postal markings also use this method in order to receive uncommon postal markings seldom seen in everyday mail. (en)
- La phrase « n'habite pas » ou « n'habite plus à l'adresse indiquée », également connue sous le sigle NPAI, est utilisée en marketing direct pour signifier que le courrier ne peut parvenir à destination, et sert de référence qualitative dans le cadre d'utilisation de fichiers d'adresses. Le terme désormais employé par la Poste française est REFLEX (Restitution de l’information à l’expéditeur) depuis le 4 mars 2013 (précédemment PND pour Plis non distribuables). (fr)
- 日本における受取拒否（うけとりきょひ）とは郵便や宅配便など様々な配達物において、自分宛ての個別の配達物を受け取りたくなく、明示的に受け取りを拒絶する意思を示して返送してほしい時に利用できる制度である。 (ja)
- Возвращаемое почтовое отправление, или нерозданное почтовое отправление (англ. dead letter mail), — почтовое отправление, которое невозможно доставить адресату или которое возвращается отправителю. (ru)
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- La phrase « n'habite pas » ou « n'habite plus à l'adresse indiquée », également connue sous le sigle NPAI, est utilisée en marketing direct pour signifier que le courrier ne peut parvenir à destination, et sert de référence qualitative dans le cadre d'utilisation de fichiers d'adresses. Le terme désormais employé par la Poste française est REFLEX (Restitution de l’information à l’expéditeur) depuis le 4 mars 2013 (précédemment PND pour Plis non distribuables). (fr)
- 日本における受取拒否（うけとりきょひ）とは郵便や宅配便など様々な配達物において、自分宛ての個別の配達物を受け取りたくなく、明示的に受け取りを拒絶する意思を示して返送してほしい時に利用できる制度である。 (ja)
- Возвращаемое почтовое отправление, или нерозданное почтовое отправление (англ. dead letter mail), — почтовое отправление, которое невозможно доставить адресату или которое возвращается отправителю. (ru)
- Dead letter mail or undeliverable mail is mail that cannot be delivered to the addressee or returned to the sender. This is usually due to lack of compliance with postal regulations, an incomplete address and return address, or the inability to forward the mail when both correspondents move before the letter can be delivered. Largely based on the British model that emerged in the late eighteenth century, many countries developed similar systems for processing undeliverable mail. (en)
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- Dead letter mail (en)
- N'habite pas à l'adresse indiquée (fr)
- 受取拒否 (ja)
- Возвращаемое почтовое отправление (ru)
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