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The German composer Ludwig van Beethoven (1770–1827) is among the most admired composers in the history of Western music, and has been the subject of many private and public sculptures, including busts, reliefs, statues and others. The first, by Franz Klein, was commissioned by Johann Andreas Streicher and created in 1812, while the composer was still alive. After Beethoven's death in 1827, his hometown, Bonn, immediately began planning a monument for the following year, though a cholera outbreak delayed this. A design competition was eventually held, in which a submission by Ernst Julius Hähnel beat ones from Friedrich von Amerling, Gustav Blaeser and Friedrich Drake. In 1845, was erected, due to finances given by Robert Schumann, Charles Hallé, George Thomas Smart and especially Franz

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  • Ein Beethoven-Denkmal gibt es in zahlreichen Städten in der ganzen Welt. Diese Denkmäler erinnern an den Komponisten Ludwig van Beethoven. Besonders viele gibt es in Beethovens Geburtsstadt Bonn und seinem wichtigen Wirkungsort Wien, darüber hinaus stehen aber auch in anderen Städten Denkmäler. (de)
  • The German composer Ludwig van Beethoven (1770–1827) is among the most admired composers in the history of Western music, and has been the subject of many private and public sculptures, including busts, reliefs, statues and others. The first, by Franz Klein, was commissioned by Johann Andreas Streicher and created in 1812, while the composer was still alive. After Beethoven's death in 1827, his hometown, Bonn, immediately began planning a monument for the following year, though a cholera outbreak delayed this. A design competition was eventually held, in which a submission by Ernst Julius Hähnel beat ones from Friedrich von Amerling, Gustav Blaeser and Friedrich Drake. In 1845, was erected, due to finances given by Robert Schumann, Charles Hallé, George Thomas Smart and especially Franz Liszt. While the monument's height and simplicity were criticized, the reliefs surrounding the base were met with public approval. The statue's representation of a figure standing on a decorated base with its legs slightly apart was popular at the time, and later inspired Theodore Baur's in the Library of Congress. The Beethoven monuments that followed Hähnel's, while retaining a high pedestal, began to portray the composer in a less simplistic and increasingly heroic light. The most significant representative of this, and the most famous Beethoven monument from the second half of the 19th century, was Kaspar von Zumbusch's in , Vienna. The city had intended to erect a monument for Beethoven since his death, but serious action to do so began only in the 1870s, when a competition for a design was held and Zumbusch's winning design was created with financial support from Liszt and Brahms. In the early 20th century, the glorified portrayals of Beethoven reached their peak, with god-like representations such as Max Klinger's , unveiled at the Vienna Secession (now in the Museum der bildenden Künste), and Fidus's unexecuted design for a . The 20th century also saw a brief return to the simplistic style of the 19th century, such as Robert Weigl's at the in Vienna (1910) and in Karlsbad (1929). Also at this time, Antoine Bourdelle and Naoum Aronson, both students of Auguste Rodin, began creating busts of the composer; . As the century progressed, ideas on depicting Beethoven became largely ununified, and were often especially allegorical, such as Theodor von Gosen's in Alameda Central, Mexico City (1921). In 1926, Berlin hosted a monument competition in preparation for the composer's 100th anniversary the following year; the entire competition was controversial and was eventually canceled due to criticism from the press and the committee's inability to form a consensus. There had been submissions from famous sculptors including Ernst Barlach, Peter Breuer and Georg Kolbe, although Breuer and Kolbe eventually had their designs constructed in and respectively. After World War II, experimentation in portraying Beethoven increased even further, exemplified by of Joseph Karl Stieler's painted portrait and Markus Lüpertz's controversial . There is a large collection of busts in the Beethoven House, a museum and cultural institution based in Bonn that studies Beethoven's life and legacy, including ones by an unknown artist based on a sculpture by Josef Danhauser (c. 1890); Fernando Cian (first quarter of the 20th century); Pierre Félix Masseau (1902); Aronson (1905); a mask supposedly by (1920–1927); Eduard Merz (1945/46); (1981); and Cantemir Riscutia (1998). (en)
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  • Bust by Bertheauld, on the Statues – Hither & Thither website (en)
  • Antoine Bourdelle's study, on the Smithsonian Institution website (en)
  • Ferdinand Freiherr von Miller's bust, on the Tower Grove Park website (en)
  • Giuseppe Grandi's sculpture, on the Google Arts & Culture website (en)
  • Antoine Bourdelle's bust, on Google Arts & Culture (en)
  • Anton Dietrich's Bust, on the Google Arts & Culture website (en)
  • Antoine Bourdelle's statue, on the Courtauld Institute of Art's website (en)
  • Dorcière's relief, on the Statues – Hither & Thither website (en)
  • Antoine Bourdelle's statue, on the Princeton University Art Museum website (en)
  • Antoine Bourdelle's bust, on the Metropolitan Museum of Art's website (en)
  • Antoine Bourdelle's bust, on the Ohara Museum of Art website (en)
  • Schaller's bust, on the Royal Society of Musicians of Great Britain's website (en)
  • Antoine Bourdelle's statue, on a website dedicated to Beethoven (en)
  • Relief on the Alte Oper, on the Statues – Hither & Thither website (en)
  • Yuan Xikun's bust, on the Google Arts & Culture website (en)
  • Johannes French's bust, on the Statues – Hither & Thither website (en)
  • Sculpture by an unknown artist, on the Statues – Hither & Thither website (en)
  • Thomas Crawford's statue, on the Digital Commonwealth Massachusetts Collections Online (en)
  • Antoine Bourdelle's mask, on the List Visual Arts Center website (en)
  • Burkhard Mohr's bust, on the Statues – Hither & Thither website (en)
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  • Ein Beethoven-Denkmal gibt es in zahlreichen Städten in der ganzen Welt. Diese Denkmäler erinnern an den Komponisten Ludwig van Beethoven. Besonders viele gibt es in Beethovens Geburtsstadt Bonn und seinem wichtigen Wirkungsort Wien, darüber hinaus stehen aber auch in anderen Städten Denkmäler. (de)
  • The German composer Ludwig van Beethoven (1770–1827) is among the most admired composers in the history of Western music, and has been the subject of many private and public sculptures, including busts, reliefs, statues and others. The first, by Franz Klein, was commissioned by Johann Andreas Streicher and created in 1812, while the composer was still alive. After Beethoven's death in 1827, his hometown, Bonn, immediately began planning a monument for the following year, though a cholera outbreak delayed this. A design competition was eventually held, in which a submission by Ernst Julius Hähnel beat ones from Friedrich von Amerling, Gustav Blaeser and Friedrich Drake. In 1845, was erected, due to finances given by Robert Schumann, Charles Hallé, George Thomas Smart and especially Franz (en)
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  • Liste der Beethoven-Denkmäler (de)
  • List of sculptures of Ludwig van Beethoven (en)
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