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- The 1688 Germantown Quaker Petition Against Slavery was the first protest against enslavement of Africans made by a religious body in the Thirteen Colonies. Francis Daniel Pastorius authored the petition; he and three other Quakers living in Germantown, Pennsylvania (now part of Philadelphia), signed it on behalf of the Germantown Meeting of the Religious Society of Friends. Clearly a highly controversial document, Friends forwarded it up the hierarchical chain of their administrative structure—monthly, quarterly, and yearly meetings—without either approving or rejecting it. The petition effectively disappeared for 150 years into Philadelphia Yearly Meeting's capacious archives; but upon rediscovery in 1844 by Philadelphia antiquarian Nathan Kite, latter-day abolitionists published it in 1844 in The Friend, (Vol. XVII, No. 16.) in support of their antislavery agitation. (en)
- La Protestation de Germantown est un texte de protestation contre l'esclavage écrit en 1688 dès le début de la fondation de la Pennsylvanie, la première des colonies anglaises d'Amérique du Nord. Rédigée par des immigrants allemands envoyés sur le site de la future ville de Philadelphie, capitale fédérale un siècle après seulement, elle sera le point de départ de l'action des quakers nord-américains dans l'abolitionnisme de l'esclavage. Sa réflexion prolonge celle engagée dans le texte Enquiries into vulgar and common errors écrit en 1646 par l'écrivain puritain de la Première Révolution anglaise Thomas Browne. (fr)
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- 29077 (xsd:nonNegativeInteger)
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- The petition was the first
American public document to protest slavery. It was also one of the first written public declarations of universal human rights. (en)
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- Protest against the institution of slavery. (en)
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- Francis Daniel Pastorius, Garret Hendericks, Derick op den Graeff, and Abraham op den Graeff (en)
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- The 1688 Germantown Quaker Petition Against Slavery was the first protest against enslavement of Africans made by a religious body in the Thirteen Colonies. Francis Daniel Pastorius authored the petition; he and three other Quakers living in Germantown, Pennsylvania (now part of Philadelphia), signed it on behalf of the Germantown Meeting of the Religious Society of Friends. Clearly a highly controversial document, Friends forwarded it up the hierarchical chain of their administrative structure—monthly, quarterly, and yearly meetings—without either approving or rejecting it. The petition effectively disappeared for 150 years into Philadelphia Yearly Meeting's capacious archives; but upon rediscovery in 1844 by Philadelphia antiquarian Nathan Kite, latter-day abolitionists published it in 1 (en)
- La Protestation de Germantown est un texte de protestation contre l'esclavage écrit en 1688 dès le début de la fondation de la Pennsylvanie, la première des colonies anglaises d'Amérique du Nord. Rédigée par des immigrants allemands envoyés sur le site de la future ville de Philadelphie, capitale fédérale un siècle après seulement, elle sera le point de départ de l'action des quakers nord-américains dans l'abolitionnisme de l'esclavage. (fr)
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- 1688 Germantown Quaker Petition Against Slavery (en)
- Protestation de Germantown (fr)
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