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- The derbfine (English: /ˌdɛrɪˈviːni/ DERR-iv-EE-nee; Irish: dearbhfhine [ˌdʲaɾˠəˈvʲɪnʲə], from derb 'real' + fine 'group of persons of the same family or kindred', thus literally 'true kin') was a term for patrilineal groups and power structures defined in the first written tracts in early Irish law. Its principal purpose was as an institution of property inheritance, with property redistributed on the death of a member to those remaining members of the derbfine. Comprising all the patrilineal descendants over a four-generation group with a common great-grandfather, it gradually gave way to a smaller three-generation kinship group, called the gelfine. Within a clan, on the death of its chief or king, the surviving members of its derbfine would elect from their number a new chief and/or elect his successor, or Tánaiste (in English, his Tanist). A larger number of clan members, either allies or cousins who were too distantly related to be members of the derbfine, would not have a direct say in such an election. The frequent recitations of a clan's genealogy by its bards was therefore a reminder of who was currently in or out of the clan's derbfine as much as it was a claim to ancient lineages. Professor Francis John Byrne of University College Dublin also identified an indfine system used in some clans before the year 1000, with membership going back to a common great-great-great-grandfather, perhaps necessary at a time of frequent warfare. In the European context, membership of a derbfine was similar to holding the rank of prince du sang in France. (en)
- Téarma do ghrúpaí athairlíneacha agus struchtúir chumhachta is ea dearbhfhine (Sean-Ghaeilge derbfine). Shainmhínítear é sna chéad chonairí scríofa san Fhéineachas (nó Dlí na mBreithiún). Tá an focal fréamhaithe ón réimír "dearbh" (fíor-, dílis, cinnte) agus "fine" (gaol fola, treibh), mar sin go litriúil, fíor-ghaol. Ba í an phríomhchuspóir a bhí leis ná mar institiúid oidhreachta maoine, le maoin a athdháileadh ar bhás comhalta do na baill eile den dearbhfhine. Ó bhunús, thagadh an téarma le grúpa ceithre ghlúin a raibh sin-sheanathair coiteann acu. D'imigh úsáid an téarma i léig de réir a chéile agus cuireadh ina áit an téarma gealfhine (Sean-Ghaeilge gelfine) i gcomhair ghrúpa le níos lú daoine, sé sin, grúpa ina raibh gaoil trí ghlúin ann. (ga)
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- The derbfine (English: /ˌdɛrɪˈviːni/ DERR-iv-EE-nee; Irish: dearbhfhine [ˌdʲaɾˠəˈvʲɪnʲə], from derb 'real' + fine 'group of persons of the same family or kindred', thus literally 'true kin') was a term for patrilineal groups and power structures defined in the first written tracts in early Irish law. Its principal purpose was as an institution of property inheritance, with property redistributed on the death of a member to those remaining members of the derbfine. Comprising all the patrilineal descendants over a four-generation group with a common great-grandfather, it gradually gave way to a smaller three-generation kinship group, called the gelfine. (en)
- Téarma do ghrúpaí athairlíneacha agus struchtúir chumhachta is ea dearbhfhine (Sean-Ghaeilge derbfine). Shainmhínítear é sna chéad chonairí scríofa san Fhéineachas (nó Dlí na mBreithiún). Tá an focal fréamhaithe ón réimír "dearbh" (fíor-, dílis, cinnte) agus "fine" (gaol fola, treibh), mar sin go litriúil, fíor-ghaol. (ga)
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