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Statements

Subject Item
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Army of the United States Army of the United States 美國的陸軍
rdfs:comment
美國的陸軍（英語：Army of the United States）是美國因應第二次世界大戰所增設的陸軍下屬部門，為美國陸軍四大部門之一（另外三者為、美國陸軍預備役和美國國民衛隊）。「美國的陸軍」設置於1941年2月，用於統一管理正規軍、國民警衛隊和預備役部隊，其軍官與士官自正規軍中任命，正規軍軍階可以較高的臨時軍階於「美國的陸軍」中服役，如正規軍的上尉至後者可為上校，此軍階晉升也相當迅速，如德怀特·艾森豪威尔在三年內自上校晉升為五星上將，「美國的陸軍」的軍階也稱作「戰區軍階」（Theater rank）。 「美國的陸軍」由1940年7月26日設置的陸軍總部（GHQ）管轄，其下共三支部隊——、陸軍航空隊和。1942年3月，「美國的陸軍」改由陸軍地面部隊總部管轄。 1974年，「美國的陸軍」制度被撤銷。 Die Army of the United States (AUS) ist eine derzeit inaktive Organisationsform der Bodenstreitkräfte der Vereinigten Staaten. Sie dient der Eingliederung von Wehrpflichtigen in den Dienst, die den professionellen Kern der Bodenstreitkräfte, die United States Army, ergänzen sollen. Die AUS ist nicht zu verwechseln mit dem zweistufigen Reservistensystem des Berufsheeres, welche aus der United States Army Reserve und der Heeresnationalgarde besteht. Die Army of the United States ist als Nachfolger der wesensgleichen aus dem Ersten Weltkrieg zu betrachten. The Army of the United States is one of the four major service components of the United States Army (the others being the Regular Army, the United States Army Reserve and the Army National Guard of the United States), but it has been inactive since the suspension of the draft in 1973 and the U.S. military's transition to a volunteer force. Personnel serving in the United States Army during a major national emergency or armed conflict (either voluntarily or involuntarily) were enlisted into the Army of the United States, without specifying service in a component. It also includes the "Retired Reserve". Those are retired soldiers that have reached the required years of creditable service, or creditable service and age; regardless of the component, or components they formerly served in.
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The Army of the United States is one of the four major service components of the United States Army (the others being the Regular Army, the United States Army Reserve and the Army National Guard of the United States), but it has been inactive since the suspension of the draft in 1973 and the U.S. military's transition to a volunteer force. Personnel serving in the United States Army during a major national emergency or armed conflict (either voluntarily or involuntarily) were enlisted into the Army of the United States, without specifying service in a component. It also includes the "Retired Reserve". Those are retired soldiers that have reached the required years of creditable service, or creditable service and age; regardless of the component, or components they formerly served in. The term "Army of the United States" or "Armies of the United States" is also the legal name of the collective land forces of the United States, as prescribed by the United States Constitution. In this concept, the term "Army of the United States" has been in use since at least 1841, as in the title General Regulations for the Army of the United States. Also included by Act of the 39th Congress (1866) were are the U.S. Volunteers, persons holding a brevetted rank, and the U.S. Veteran Reserve Corps. Die Army of the United States (AUS) ist eine derzeit inaktive Organisationsform der Bodenstreitkräfte der Vereinigten Staaten. Sie dient der Eingliederung von Wehrpflichtigen in den Dienst, die den professionellen Kern der Bodenstreitkräfte, die United States Army, ergänzen sollen. Die AUS ist nicht zu verwechseln mit dem zweistufigen Reservistensystem des Berufsheeres, welche aus der United States Army Reserve und der Heeresnationalgarde besteht. Die Army of the United States ist als Nachfolger der wesensgleichen aus dem Ersten Weltkrieg zu betrachten. Aufgestellt wurde die Army of the United States nach dem Angriff auf Pearl Harbor im Jahre 1941. Trotz eines Modernisierungsprogramms waren die Vereinigten Staaten unzureichend auf einen Krieg vorbereitet, da es nach amerikanischer Denkart Tradition war, die Größe der Streitkräfte auf ein notwendiges Minimum einer Kaderarmee zu reduzieren. Dieser Tradition folgten die Vereinigten Staaten nach dem Ersten Weltkrieg in besonders drastischem Maße. Nach Ende des Zweiten Weltkrieges wurde die AUS deaktiviert und alle Beförderungen aus dieser Zeit für nichtig erklärt, da dies einen Aspekt der notwendigen Reduktion darstellte. Reaktiviert wurde die AUS für den Koreakrieg und den Vietnamkrieg. Unter dem Eindruck des Vietnamkrieges deaktivierte der Kongress die AUS und vollzog eine zunehmende Professionalisierung der US Army, sodass eine Reaktivierung mit hohen politischen, militärischen und finanziellen Aufwendungen verbunden wäre. Allerdings sind alle männlichen Staatsbürger der Vereinigten Staaten zwischen 21 und 45 Jahren dazu verpflichtet, sich für diesen Fall in einem Registrierungssystem namens Selective Service System zu registrieren. 美國的陸軍（英語：Army of the United States）是美國因應第二次世界大戰所增設的陸軍下屬部門，為美國陸軍四大部門之一（另外三者為、美國陸軍預備役和美國國民衛隊）。「美國的陸軍」設置於1941年2月，用於統一管理正規軍、國民警衛隊和預備役部隊，其軍官與士官自正規軍中任命，正規軍軍階可以較高的臨時軍階於「美國的陸軍」中服役，如正規軍的上尉至後者可為上校，此軍階晉升也相當迅速，如德怀特·艾森豪威尔在三年內自上校晉升為五星上將，「美國的陸軍」的軍階也稱作「戰區軍階」（Theater rank）。 「美國的陸軍」由1940年7月26日設置的陸軍總部（GHQ）管轄，其下共三支部隊——、陸軍航空隊和。1942年3月，「美國的陸軍」改由陸軍地面部隊總部管轄。 1974年，「美國的陸軍」制度被撤銷。
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