| dbo:abstract
|
- The Gaddang language (also Cagayan) is spoken by up to 30,000 speakers (the Gaddang people) in the Philippines, particularly along the Magat and upper Cagayan rivers in the Region II provinces of Nueva Vizcaya and Isabela and by overseas migrants to countries in Asia, Australia, Canada, Europe, in the Middle East, United Kingdom and the United States. Most Gaddang speakers also speak Ilocano, the lingua franca of Northern Luzon, as well as Tagalog and English. Gaddang is associated with the "Christianized Gaddang" people, and is closely related to the highland (non-Christian in local literature) tongues of Ga'dang with 6,000 speakers, Yogad, Cagayan Agta with less than 1,000 and Atta with 2,000 (although the Negrito Aeta and Atta are genetically unrelated to the Austronesian Gaddang), and more distantly to Ibanag, Itawis, Isneg and Malaweg. The Gaddang tongue has been vanishing from daily and public life over the past half-century. Public and church-sponsored education was historically conducted in Spanish (or later in English), and now in Filipino/Tagalog. The Dominicans tried to replace the multitude of Cagayan-valley languages with Ibanag, and later the plantations imported Ilocanos workers in such numbers that they outnumbered the valley natives. Once significantly-Gaddang communities grew exponentially after WWII due to in-migration of Tagalog, Igorot, and other ethnicities; Gaddang is now a minority language. In the 2000 Census, Gaddang was not even an identity option for residents of Nueva Vizcaya. Vocabulary and structural features of Gaddang among native Gaddang speakers have suffered as well, as usages from Ilokano and other languages affect their parole. Finally, many ethnic Gaddang have migrated to other countries, and their children are not learning the ancestral tongue. (en)
- A língua Gaddang (também Gaddang ou Cagayan) é falada por cerca de 30 mil pessoas do povo Gaddang nas [Filipinas], particularmente ao longo do alto dos rios Magat e Cagayan nas províncias Região II de Nova Vizcaya e por emigrantes que foram para países da Ásia, Austrália, Canadá, Europa, Oriente Médio, Reino Unido e Estados Unidos. A maioria dos falantes de gaddang também fala o ilocano, a língua franca do norte de Luzon, bem como o tagalo e inglês. O Gaddang está associado ao povo "cristianizado Gaddang", e está intimamente relacionado às línguas das terras altas ( não-cristãs na literatura local) da língua ga'dang com 6 mil falantes, [língua cagayan agta]] com menos de 1.000 e com 2.000 (embora os Negritos, povo Aeta e Atta sejam geneticamente não relacionados ao Gaddang austronésio e mais distantes do Ibanag , Itawis, Yogad, e . (pt)
|
| rdfs:comment
|
- The Gaddang language (also Cagayan) is spoken by up to 30,000 speakers (the Gaddang people) in the Philippines, particularly along the Magat and upper Cagayan rivers in the Region II provinces of Nueva Vizcaya and Isabela and by overseas migrants to countries in Asia, Australia, Canada, Europe, in the Middle East, United Kingdom and the United States. Most Gaddang speakers also speak Ilocano, the lingua franca of Northern Luzon, as well as Tagalog and English. Gaddang is associated with the "Christianized Gaddang" people, and is closely related to the highland (non-Christian in local literature) tongues of Ga'dang with 6,000 speakers, Yogad, Cagayan Agta with less than 1,000 and Atta with 2,000 (although the Negrito Aeta and Atta are genetically unrelated to the Austronesian Gaddang), and (en)
- A língua Gaddang (também Gaddang ou Cagayan) é falada por cerca de 30 mil pessoas do povo Gaddang nas [Filipinas], particularmente ao longo do alto dos rios Magat e Cagayan nas províncias Região II de Nova Vizcaya e por emigrantes que foram para países da Ásia, Austrália, Canadá, Europa, Oriente Médio, Reino Unido e Estados Unidos. A maioria dos falantes de gaddang também fala o ilocano, a língua franca do norte de Luzon, bem como o tagalo e inglês. O Gaddang está associado ao povo "cristianizado Gaddang", e está intimamente relacionado às línguas das terras altas ( não-cristãs na literatura local) da língua ga'dang com 6 mil falantes, [língua cagayan agta]] com menos de 1.000 e com 2.000 (embora os Negritos, povo Aeta e Atta sejam geneticamente não relacionados ao Gaddang austronésio (pt)
|
