In medieval Spain, parias (from medieval Latin pariāre, "to make equal [an account]", i.e. pay) were a form of tribute paid by the taifas of al-Andalus to the Christian kingdoms of the north. Parias dominated relations between the Islamic and the Christian states in the years following the disintegration of the Caliphate of Córdoba (1031) until the reunification of Islamic Spain under the Almoravid dynasty (beginning in 1086). The parias were a form of protection money established by treaty. The payee owed the tributary military protection against foes both Islamic and Christian. Usually the original exaction was forced, either by a large razzia or the threat of one, or as the cost of supporting one Islamic party against another. (The word "taifa" means "party [kingdom]" and refers to the
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| - Paria (ca)
- Parias (tributo) (es)
- Pariak (zerga) (eu)
- Parias (en)
- Parias (pt)
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| - Parias eram um imposto que os Reinos de Taifas (1035–1492) pagavam aos reis cristãos para que eles não os atacassem. O dinheiro das parias foi muito importante na ativação do Caminho de Santiago e na proliferação de monumentos románicos ao norte dos reinos cristãos. Grande parte deste montante serviu também para sustentar as obras da Abadia de Cluny. (pt)
- Les paries (sing. paria) o parias Hispaniae eren un tribut anual i en alguns casos mensual, instituït als segles xi i xii, que els sarraïns de les taifes o emirats de Saraqusta, Làrida, Turtuixa i alguna altra pagaven als comtes catalans, i en concret als de Barcelona, Urgell i Cerdanya, com a indemnització de guerra i reconeixement de domini. (ca)
- Las parias (del latín vulgar: pariāre ‘igualar dos cosas [una cuenta], saldar, pagar’) eran un impuesto que pagaban los reyes de taifas (1031–1492) a los reyes cristianos, principalmente al Reino de León creador de estos impuestos, para que no les atacasen y para que fuesen protegidos de los propios enfrentamientos que se producían entre los reinos taifas o de los ataques de otros reinos cristianos. Cuando tuvo lugar la desmembración del califato de Córdoba a partir del año 1031, comenzó a aparecer la inferioridad militar ante los cristianos. (es)
- Pariak (latinez: pariāre 'bi gauza [kontu bat] berdindu, kitatu, ordaindu') taifetako erregeek (1031-1492) errege kristauei ordaintzen zieten zerga bat zen, batik bat, Leongo Erresumari, bertan sortu baitzen zerga hau. Zerga honen helburua errege kristauen erasoak ekiditea zen, eta baita haien babesa izatea ere, izan taifa zergapetua beste taifa batzuetatik babesteko, izan beste erresuma kristauetatik babesteko. Kordobako Kalifa-herria desegin zenean, 1031tik aurrera, agerian geratu zen kristauen nagusitasun militarra. (eu)
- In medieval Spain, parias (from medieval Latin pariāre, "to make equal [an account]", i.e. pay) were a form of tribute paid by the taifas of al-Andalus to the Christian kingdoms of the north. Parias dominated relations between the Islamic and the Christian states in the years following the disintegration of the Caliphate of Córdoba (1031) until the reunification of Islamic Spain under the Almoravid dynasty (beginning in 1086). The parias were a form of protection money established by treaty. The payee owed the tributary military protection against foes both Islamic and Christian. Usually the original exaction was forced, either by a large razzia or the threat of one, or as the cost of supporting one Islamic party against another. (The word "taifa" means "party [kingdom]" and refers to the (en)
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| - Les paries (sing. paria) o parias Hispaniae eren un tribut anual i en alguns casos mensual, instituït als segles xi i xii, que els sarraïns de les taifes o emirats de Saraqusta, Làrida, Turtuixa i alguna altra pagaven als comtes catalans, i en concret als de Barcelona, Urgell i Cerdanya, com a indemnització de guerra i reconeixement de domini. Durant els darrers anys del califat de Còrdova i l'època dels regnes de taifes els comtes catalans es van enriquir ocupant els territoris conquistats o cobrant tributs o paries a canvi de protecció. Les paries varen posar en marxa la circulació monetària als comtats catalans, que començaren a encunyar moneda d'or amb el comte de Barcelona Ramon Berenguer I el 1019, imitant el dinar musulmà. (ca)
- Las parias (del latín vulgar: pariāre ‘igualar dos cosas [una cuenta], saldar, pagar’) eran un impuesto que pagaban los reyes de taifas (1031–1492) a los reyes cristianos, principalmente al Reino de León creador de estos impuestos, para que no les atacasen y para que fuesen protegidos de los propios enfrentamientos que se producían entre los reinos taifas o de los ataques de otros reinos cristianos. Aunque divididos los territorios islámicos en reinos de taifas y con poder militar menor que el de los reinos cristianos, los musulmanes eran prósperos económica y culturalmente, haciendo posible atender a las duras exigencias cristianas de riquezas. Ello provocó que los diferentes reinos de taifas financiasen inconscientemente los ejércitos cristianos. Cuando tuvo lugar la desmembración del califato de Córdoba a partir del año 1031, comenzó a aparecer la inferioridad militar ante los cristianos. (es)
- Pariak (latinez: pariāre 'bi gauza [kontu bat] berdindu, kitatu, ordaindu') taifetako erregeek (1031-1492) errege kristauei ordaintzen zieten zerga bat zen, batik bat, Leongo Erresumari, bertan sortu baitzen zerga hau. Zerga honen helburua errege kristauen erasoak ekiditea zen, eta baita haien babesa izatea ere, izan taifa zergapetua beste taifa batzuetatik babesteko, izan beste erresuma kristauetatik babesteko. Lurralde islamikoak taifa erresumetan banaturik egon eta gaitasun militar urriagokoak izan arren, ekonomikoki eta kulturalki oparoak ziren, eta horri esker, errege kristauen zerga itogarriei aurre egin ahal izan zieten. Zerga horri esker, taifetako agintariek, ohartu gabe, erresuma kristauetako ejerzituak finantzatu zituzten. Kordobako Kalifa-herria desegin zenean, 1031tik aurrera, agerian geratu zen kristauen nagusitasun militarra. (eu)
- In medieval Spain, parias (from medieval Latin pariāre, "to make equal [an account]", i.e. pay) were a form of tribute paid by the taifas of al-Andalus to the Christian kingdoms of the north. Parias dominated relations between the Islamic and the Christian states in the years following the disintegration of the Caliphate of Córdoba (1031) until the reunification of Islamic Spain under the Almoravid dynasty (beginning in 1086). The parias were a form of protection money established by treaty. The payee owed the tributary military protection against foes both Islamic and Christian. Usually the original exaction was forced, either by a large razzia or the threat of one, or as the cost of supporting one Islamic party against another. (The word "taifa" means "party [kingdom]" and refers to the prevalence of factionalism in Islamic Spain during the taifas era.) (en)
- Parias eram um imposto que os Reinos de Taifas (1035–1492) pagavam aos reis cristãos para que eles não os atacassem. O dinheiro das parias foi muito importante na ativação do Caminho de Santiago e na proliferação de monumentos románicos ao norte dos reinos cristãos. Grande parte deste montante serviu também para sustentar as obras da Abadia de Cluny. (pt)
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