About: History of rail transport in Great Britain

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The railway system of Great Britain started with the building of local isolated wooden wagonways starting in the 1560s. A patchwork of local rail links operated by small private railway companies developed in the late 18th century. These isolated links expanded during the railway boom of the 1840s into a national network, although still run by dozens of competing companies. Over the course of the 19th and early 20th centuries, these amalgamated or were bought by competitors until only a handful of larger companies remained (see railway mania). The entire network was brought under government control during the First World War and a number of advantages of amalgamation and planning were demonstrated. However, the government resisted calls for the nationalisation of the network. In 1923, almo

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rdf:type	Thing
rdfs:label	History of rail transport in Great Britain (en) Histoire des chemins de fer britanniques (fr) イギリスの鉄道史 (ja) Historia kolei w Wielkiej Brytanii i Irlandii (pl) История железнодорожного транспорта Великобритании (ru) 英國鐵路史 (zh)
rdfs:comment	イギリスの鉄道史（-のてつどうし）では、世界最古の歴史を有するイギリスの鉄道史について記述する。なお、本項ではグレートブリテン島の鉄道のみについて扱った。 (ja) 英國擁有悠久的鐵路交通歷史。 1807年3月25日，世界首條載客的公共鐵路：斯旺西及曼博斯鐵路（Swansea and Mumbles Railway）開始於英國威爾斯提供來往斯旺西和歐斯特茅斯（Oystermouth）的載客服務。1812年，世界首個用於商業運行的蒸汽機車開始在英國投入使用。1830年，利物浦和曼徹斯特鐵路開始投入使用，是世界首個具有實用價值的鐵路。1840年代見證了英國鐵路狂熱（Railway Mania），越來越多鐵路公司冒起並於英國各地快速建造鐵路，是英國鐵路網絡發展最為迅猛的十年。1880年代後期時，英國鐵路部分路線的的平均最高時速已經超過100 km/h。1923年，英國大部分鐵路公司被合併至四大英國鐵路公司。1948年後，四大公司再整合為英國鐵路。1994年以後，英國重新將鐵路民營化。 (zh) The railway system of Great Britain started with the building of local isolated wooden wagonways starting in the 1560s. A patchwork of local rail links operated by small private railway companies developed in the late 18th century. These isolated links expanded during the railway boom of the 1840s into a national network, although still run by dozens of competing companies. Over the course of the 19th and early 20th centuries, these amalgamated or were bought by competitors until only a handful of larger companies remained (see railway mania). The entire network was brought under government control during the First World War and a number of advantages of amalgamation and planning were demonstrated. However, the government resisted calls for the nationalisation of the network. In 1923, almo (en) Le réseau ferroviaire de Grande-Bretagne, le principal territoire du Royaume-Uni, est le plus ancien au monde. Le réseau est originellement construit à partir de tronçons épars exploités par de petites compagnies privées. Ces tronçons se développent pendant le boom des chemins de fer des années 1840 et finissent par constituer un réseau national, même s'ils demeurent toujours exploités par des dizaines de compagnies en concurrence. Au cours du XIXe siècle et au début du XXe, celles-ci fusionnent ou sont achetées par des concurrents jusqu'à ce que seulement une poignée de compagnies plus importantes subsistent. Le réseau tout entier est placé sous le contrôle du gouvernement pendant la Première Guerre mondiale, on s'apercevra que le regroupement et la planification présentent un certain nom (fr) W Wielkiej Brytanii, kraju „rewolucji przemysłowej” rozpoczętej już w poł. XVIII (pojawienie się maszyny parowej: 1798), wczesnymi formami kolei przemysłowych posługiwano się na długo przed wynalezieniem parowozu. Nic więc dziwnego, że miała tam miejsce znaczna część pionierskich rozwiązań w dziedzinie kolejnictwa, zwłaszcza w XIX. Pojawia się tam pierwsza kolej konna publicznego użytku (1803), pierwsza kolej konna zabierająca pasażerów (1807), wreszcie pierwsze „travelling engines”, jak pierwotnie określano parowozy, jeżdżące po torach kolei konnych (1804) albo kolei specjalnie dla nich przebudowanych (technologia zębata: 1812). Za początek epoki kolei przyjęło się uważać (pl) Железнодорожный транспорт острова Великобритания, основной территории современного государства Великобритания, является старейшим в мире. Изначально система строилась как пестрая смесь местных железнодорожных веток, управляемых небольшими частными компаниями. Эти изолированные ветки развились в общенациональную сеть во время железнодорожного бума 1840-х, хотя по прежнему существовали десятки компаний. По ходу XIX и начала XX веков они слились или были выкуплены более успешными конкурентами, пока не осталось лишь несколько крупнейших компаний. Во время Первой мировой войны вся сеть находилась под управлением правительства и был обнаружен ряд преимуществ объединения и единого планирования. Однако правительство сопротивлялось национализации отрасли. В 1923 году практически все оставшиеся комп (ru)
foaf:depiction
dcterms:subject	History of rail transport in Great Britain Rail transport in Great Britain
Wikipage page ID	282643 (xsd:integer)
Wikipage revision ID	1112617827 (xsd:integer)
Link from a Wikipage to another Wikipage	Caldbeck Prescot Puffing Billy (locomotive) List of early British railway companies History of rail transport in Great Britain Benjamin Outram 2016–18 United Kingdom rail strikes Penzance railway station Richard Beeching Richard Trevithick Inflation InterCity (British Rail) John Blenkinsop List of railway lines in Great Britain Wrought iron Matthew Murray Narrow gauge railway Railtrack Railway Mania Rail freight in Great Britain Rail subsidies Railway Regulation Act 1840 Railway electrification in Great Britain Engineer England (band) George Stephenson Great Western Railway Liverpool Liverpool Lime Street railway station Liverpool and Manchester Railway Locomotion No. 1 London, Midland and Scottish Railway London and North Eastern Railway Blücher (locomotive) Board of Trade Big Four British railway companies Steam locomotive Stockton-on-Tees Stockton and Darlington Railway Horsecar British Transport Commission British electric multiple units British railcars and diesel multiple units Timothy Hackworth Tom Winsor UK miners' strike (1984–85) Wagonways Wakefield West Riding of Yorkshire (UK Parliament constituency) William Ewart Gladstone William Hedley William Jessop Joint railway Lake Lock Rail Road Aberdeen railway station Cumbria Borough of Darlington First World War Flange Rail transport in Great Britain Park Lane railway goods station History of rail transport History of rail transport in Great Britain 1830–1922 History of rail transport in Great Britain 1923–1947 History of rail transport in Great Britain 1948–1994 History of rail transport in Great Britain 1995 to date History of rail transport in Great Britain to 1830 History of rail transport in Ireland Vehicle Excise Duty British Railways Rack and pinion Hatfield rail crash High-speed rail

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